Universal Microcarriers for Microfluidic Assays

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Jensen-McMullin ◽  
Mark Bachman ◽  
Guann-Pyng Li
Keyword(s):  
Flow System ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Automated Manufacturing ◽  
Bar Codes ◽  
Manufacturing Line ◽  
Dna Assays ◽  
Antibody Assays ◽  
Cell Assays ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Microfluidic Assays

Bead and cell suspension based flow-through assays are popular for high throughput biological analysis. Several technologies incorporate a tagging scheme with beads to enable multiplexing. Modern flow-through systems such as flow cytometers and cell sorters are large, bulky and expensive; consequently, much research has been performed using microfluidics to miniaturize these systems. However, several problems remain with these systems, notably it remains difficult to perform manipulations on the beads (or cells), and in the case of multiplexed systems, it remains difficult to read the tags quickly. In this paper, we present a micromachined micro-carrier, referred to as a ‘micropallet’, designed to move through a microfluidic device, which helps to solve several of these problems. Micropallets are small carrier structures, micromachined out of plastic or other materials, that are used to carry attached biological or chemical samples through a microfluidic system (e.g., DNA, RNA, proteins, antibodies, adherent cells, organisms). Similar to conventional factory pallets that carry a product through an automated manufacturing line, micropallets are engineered to carry their cargo through a micro-scale system. Thus micropallets may contain shapes, structures and materials designed to interact with and work in a microfluidic system, such as for docking, sorting, manipulation and readout. Additionally, micropallets may include bar codes or other markings, and be engineered to optimally suit the cargo they carry (for example, a micropallet might contain 3-D structures and treated sections for cells, molecules or organisms to attach). Results are presented for the use of micropallets in cell assays, DNA assays and antibody assays. Micropallets may be designed to carry a sample through a microfluidic system or for use in a static assay system, enabling versatile customisation of the micropallets and flow system for design of a programmable system that interacts with the micropallets for detection, control and manipulation.

scholarly journals Hybrid nanofluid flow through a spinning Darcy–Forchheimer porous space with thermal radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Saeed ◽  
Muhammad Jawad ◽  
Wajdi Alghamdi ◽  
Saleem Nasir ◽  
Taza Gul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Hybrid Nanofluid ◽  
Porous Space ◽  
Variable Porosity ◽  
Homotopy Analysis ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Flow Through

AbstractThis work investigates numerically the solution of Darcy–Forchheimer flow for hybrid nanofluid by employing the slip conditions. Basically, the fluid flow is produced by a swirling disk and is exposed to thermal stratification along with non-linear thermal radiation for controlling the heat transfer of the flow system. In this investigation, the nanoparticles of titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide have been suspended in water as base fluid. Moreover, the Darcy–Forchheimer expression is used to characterize the porous spaces with variable porosity and permeability. The resulting expressions of motion, energy and mass transfer in dimensionless form have been solved by HAM (Homotopy analysis method). In addition, the influence of different emerging factors upon flow system has been disputed both theoretically in graphical form and numerically in the tabular form. During this effort, it has been recognized that velocities profiles augment with growing values of mixed convection parameter while thermal characteristics enhance with augmenting values of radiation parameters. According to the findings, heat is transmitted more quickly in hybrid nanofluid than in traditional nanofluid. Furthermore, it is estimated that the velocities of fluid $$f^{\prime}\left( \xi \right),g\left( \xi \right)$$ f ′ ξ , g ξ are decayed for high values of $$\phi_{1} ,\phi_{2} ,\,Fr$$ ϕ 1 , ϕ 2 , F r and $$k_{1}$$ k 1 factors.

scholarly journals Pseudo-Continuous Flow FTIR System for Glucose, Fructose and Sucrose Identification in Mid-IR Range

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Landari ◽  
Mourad Roudjane ◽  
Younès Messaddeq ◽  
Amine Miled
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Sample Distribution ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Conventional Systems

In this paper, we present a new FTIR-based microfluidic system for Glucose, Fructose and Sucrose detection. The proposed microfluidic system is based on a pseudo-continuous flow coupled to a microscope-FTIR instrument. The detection and characterization of sugar samples were performed by recording their absorption spectrum in the wavelength range 700–1000 cm − 1 of the Mid-IR region. The proposed pseudo-continuous flow system is designed to improve the uniformity of the sample distribution in the analyzed area versus conventional systems. The obtained results for different sugars concentrations, show a very low measurement error of 4.35% in the absorption peak intensity, which is ten times lower than the error obtained using the conventional measurements.

The Influence of Attached Boundary Layers in Determining the Optimum for Blades in Cascade

1965 ◽  
Vol 69 (655) ◽  
pp. 497-498
Author(s):  
W. K. Allan ◽  
B. S. Stratford
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Boundary Layers ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Boundary Layer Theory ◽  
Blade Passage ◽  
General Flow ◽  
Flow Through

Dr. Stratford (p. 133, February 1965 Journal) is to be supported in his endeavour to apply boundary layer theory to the prediction of optimum loading requirements in flow through blades in cascade. Inevitably some simplification of the general flow system in a blade passage is necessary if undue complexity is to be avoided. In the simplified flow model, however, care must be taken to avoid over-simplification, and the limitations imposed by legitimate approximations must be appreciated.

Separation of Magnetic Beads in a Microfluidic Device: Modeling and Experimentation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott S. H. Tsai ◽  
Jason S. Wexler ◽  
Ian M. Griffiths ◽  
Howard A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Magnetic Beads ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Device Modeling ◽  
Fluid Stream ◽  
Similar System ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Paramagnetic Beads

We describe a microfluidic system that uses a magnetic field to deflect paramagnetic beads in the direction normal to the flow. Through modeling and experimentation, we study this system to separate beads by their magnetic properties and size. We also use a similar system to move the beads from one fluid stream to an adjacent miscible stream.

Subglacial water flow inferred from stream measurements at South Cascade Glacier, Washington, U.S.A.

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (128) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Fountain
Keyword(s):  
Flow System ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Artificial Tracers

AbstractThe subglacial drainage system of South Cascade Glacier is inferred by examining how discharges of water, solutes and artificial tracers in streams draining the glacier respond to meltwater and precipitation on the glacier surface. Results indicate that the glacier is divided into three (two large and one small) drainage basins, each drained by a single stream. The positions of drainage divides on the glacier surface do not always lie directly over those at the base of the glacier. Comparisons of water discharge and cation load in each of the two main streams indicate that subglacial hydraulic processes differ between drainage basins. One stream drains from a conduit that is isolated in its lower reach from the surrounding subglacial region and receives water routed englacially from the surface. The upper reach of the conduit also receives water routed englacially from the surface as well as from a distributed subglacial flow system. The other main stream drains from a conduit coupled to a debris layer beneath the glacier. Observations of the layer in natural ice tunnels indicate that the water may flow within a thin layer of debris. A one-dimensional model of flow through the debris layer can explain both the base-flow and diurnal variations of the second main stream.

Lattice Boltzmann Simulations of Droplet Formation in a Co-Flowing Microchannel

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Sang ◽  
Yiping Hong ◽  
Fujun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Droplet Formation ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Simulations ◽  
Inlet Flow Rate ◽  
Droplet Sizes ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Boltzmann Method

Droplet formation in a co-flowing microfluidic device is investigated with the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). This LBM code was validated with two benchmarks such as Poiseuille flow through a straight duct and Taylor deformation on droplets between two shearing plates. A comparison of experimental droplet formation in a microchannel (Cramer et al, 2004) showed good quantitative agreement with our modeling results. With this code, a large number of simulations were carried out with various inlet flow rate ratios at various Re and various interfacial tensions in the co-flowing microfluidic system. All resulting droplet sizes are discussed quantitatively with the nondimensional parameters, which is helpful for droplet control in different co-flowing devices.

scholarly journals Subglacial water flow inferred from stream measurements at South Cascade Glacier, Washington, U.S.A.

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (128) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Fountain
Keyword(s):  
Flow System ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Artificial Tracers

Abstract The subglacial drainage system of South Cascade Glacier is inferred by examining how discharges of water, solutes and artificial tracers in streams draining the glacier respond to meltwater and precipitation on the glacier surface. Results indicate that the glacier is divided into three (two large and one small) drainage basins, each drained by a single stream. The positions of drainage divides on the glacier surface do not always lie directly over those at the base of the glacier. Comparisons of water discharge and cation load in each of the two main streams indicate that subglacial hydraulic processes differ between drainage basins. One stream drains from a conduit that is isolated in its lower reach from the surrounding subglacial region and receives water routed englacially from the surface. The upper reach of the conduit also receives water routed englacially from the surface as well as from a distributed subglacial flow system. The other main stream drains from a conduit coupled to a debris layer beneath the glacier. Observations of the layer in natural ice tunnels indicate that the water may flow within a thin layer of debris. A one-dimensional model of flow through the debris layer can explain both the base-flow and diurnal variations of the second main stream.

scholarly journals Uniform lateral orientation, caused by flow forces, of flat particles in flow-through systems.

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Kachel ◽  
E Kordwig ◽  
E Glossner
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Hydrodynamic Focusing ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Chicken Erythrocytes ◽  
Geometrical Dimensions ◽  
Lateral Orientation

Recently, it was shown that the lateral orientation of sperm cells disturbs the deoxyribonucleic acid distribution measured by fluorescence in a laterally laser-illuminated flow system. The present results show how flat particles may be influenced to assume a uniform lateral orientation. This was achieved by choosing the geometrical dimensions of the hydrodynamic focusing flow path. High speed photographs of fixed chicken erythrocytes oriented in experimental chambers are presented.

scholarly journals Integration of aerobic granulation and UV/H2O2 processes in a continuous flow system for the degradation of sulfolane in contaminated water

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1711-1722
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faizan Khan ◽  
Linlong Yu ◽  
Jordan Hollman ◽  
Joo Hwa Tay ◽  
Gopal Achari
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Aerobic Granulation ◽  
Continuous Flow System ◽  
Flow Through

Aerobic granulation and UV/H2O2 in a continuous flow-through reactor can effectively degrade emerging contaminates, such as sulfolane.

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