Modeling and Analysis of Human Task-Performing Process in Manufacturing Systems With Human Task and Error Classifications

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmin Shin ◽  
Richard A. Wysk ◽  
Ling Rothrock
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Computer Integrated Manufacturing ◽  
Human Operator ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Task Set ◽  
The Impact

Development of a formal model for control and analysis of manufacturing systems in which a human operator is incorporated is difficult, nevertheless the human is a key component. It requires building a model of human functional specifications for executing various tasks. In this paper, a human parts handler is considered and the human task performing process is described in terms of human tasks and errors. For this purpose, human tasks and errors are classified into two sets, respectively. Based on the number of locations where an operator is required to move to complete a task, tasks are divided into an on-the-spot task set and an around-the-system task set. For human errors associated with each of task set, a location error set and an orientation error set are defined, respectively. As the initial step toward building a controller for Human-involved Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems (HiCIM), assessment of the impact of human involvement on the control of a system, much of which is controlled by a computerized execution system, is presented. The complexity of systems from the control perspective is modeled and analyzed with human tasks and errors. The human task performing process is described using a flow chart format and a colored Petri net model is presented, and the complexity of process is analyzed in terms of human errors. A shop floor control example where the human operator performs material handling tasks is provided to illustrate the proposed methodology.

Impact of Using PEM Forklifts on Manufacturing Layouts

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Gosavi ◽  
Suzanna Long ◽  
Scott Grasman ◽  
Sean Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Material Handling Costs ◽  
The Impact

The popularity of forklifts that use fuel cells based on proton exchange membranes (PEMs) has steadily increased with time in manufacturing industries and distribution centers. Because they potentially reduce our dependence on fossil fuels that emit carbon dioxide while generating energy, they have certain environmental benefits in comparison to forklifts driven by lead-acid batteries that are typically charged using regular sources of energy. In this paper, we study the impact of using PEM forklifts on material-handling costs and lead times, which are commonly used in measuring the cost-effectiveness of a manufacturing system’s layout. We report some initial findings in this paper. In general, we find that layouts designed for PEM forklifts tend to have lower material-handling costs, improved closeness ratings, and higher area utilization, while the shop-floor lead times tend to be shorter, leading to lower inventory and higher flexibility in responding to fluctuations in customer demand. Overall, PEM forklifts may hence improve the health of the supply chain of the product by making it more flexible and cost-effective.

scholarly journals A Coloured Petri Net- and D* Lite-Based Traffic Controller for Automated Guided Vehicles

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 2235
Author(s):  
Imanol Mugarza ◽  
Juan Carlos Mugarza
Keyword(s):  
Petri Net ◽  
Trajectory Planning ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Automated Guided Vehicles ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Automated Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Coloured Petri Net

Mobile robots, such as Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), are increasingly employed in automated manufacturing systems or automated warehouses. They are used for many kinds of applications, such as goods and material handling. These robots may also share industrial areas and routes with humans. Other industrial equipment (i.e., forklifts) could also obstruct the outlined routes. With this in mind, in this article, a coloured Petri net-based traffic controller is proposed for collision-free AGV navigation, in which other elements moving throughout the industrial area, such as humans, are also taken into account for the trajectory planning and obstacle avoidance. For the optimal path and collision-free trajectory planning and traffic control, the D* Lite algorithm was used. Moreover, a case study and an experimental validation of the suggested solution in an industrial shop floor are presented.

Setting-up material handling network in manufacturing systems using graph theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank Gupta ◽  
Piyush Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Minimal Spanning Tree ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Minimal Network ◽  
Capital Costs

Purpose Material handling (MH) is an important facility in any manufacturing system. It facilitates the transport of in-process material from one workstation (WS) to another. MH devices do imply incurring capital costs and, therefore, minimizing their deployment without compromising on smooth material flow will ensure savings in addition to the optimal use of productive shop floor space and, avoid space cluttering. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the minimal network that connects all the WSs, therefore ensuring economic and safe manufacturing operations. Design/methodology/approach Graph theoretical approach and Prim’s algorithm for minimal spanning tree is used to evaluate the minimal span of the MH devices. The algorithm is initialized by translating the graph of WSs into a distance matrix to evaluate the minimal MH network. Findings The minimal length of the MH devices is evaluated for a typical case study. Research limitations/implications The step-by step methodology explained in the manuscript acts as a good guide for practicing operational managers. The shortcoming of the methodology is that, it presumes the use of modular MH devices that will need to be reconfigured based on dynamic changes to the manufacturing system. Practical implications The methodology is explained in detail to enable the practicing managers to use it for designing their MH networks in any manufacturing system. Originality/value There is no evidence to indicate the use of minimal spanning tree algorithm for design of MH networks in a manufacturing system. This paper attempts to fill this gap.

scholarly journals CIM Strategy And Strategic Management: An MIS Perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Sabbaghi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Management Information Systems ◽  
Computer Integrated Manufacturing ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Horizontal Integration ◽  
Business Functions ◽  
Computerized Manufacturing ◽  
Functional Areas

This study provides an overview of Computer-Integrated Manufacturing in a conceptual and managerial context, and analyzes the organizational structure and managerial approaches required for successful CIM. CIM is considered as the (vertical) integration of computerized manufacturing systems at the shop floor with Management Information Systems, and as the (horizontal) integration of functional areas from design, manufacturing to business functions. This implies an integrated, company-wide, MIS approach toward CIM rather than a traditional and functional attitude. In this context, the organizational structure that fits CIM technology will be analyzed.

THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP PRACTICES TO TEAM MEMBERS’ SATISFACTION

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalimah .
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Leader Behavior ◽  
Team Leader ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Top Executives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

eamwork is becoming increasingly important to wide range of operations. It applies to all levels of the company. It is just as important for top executives as it is to middle management, supervisors and shop floor workers. Poor teamwork at any level or between levels can seriously damage organizational effectiveness. The focus of this paper was therefore to examine whether leadership practices consist of team leader behavior, conflict resolution style and openness in communication significantly influenced the team member’s satisfaction in hotel industry. Result indicates that team leader behavior and the conflict resolution style significantly influenced team member satisfaction. It was surprising that openness in communication did not affect significantly to the team members’ satisfaction.

User-responsive interface generation for manufacturing systems: A theoretical basis

2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
A A West ◽  
B A Bowen ◽  
R P Monfared ◽  
A Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Interface Design ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Computer Integrated Manufacturing ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Individual System ◽  
Interface Generation ◽  
System User ◽  
Common User ◽  
And Task

Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) systems with a significant level of human-computer interaction are often inefficient. This is particularly problematical for those users who have to interact with multiple subsystem interfaces. These difficulties can be traced back to the fact that representation of the user in existing manufacturing models and systems is inadequate. An approach that increases user representation to improve CIM interface design is proposed, in which stereotype-based user and task models are used to specify a common user interface for each individual system user. An overview of the architecture is followed by discussion of an application domain (statistical process control) in which a demonstrator based on the architecture has been tested.

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