Micro-EDM Deposition Alloying Process

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo I. Ori ◽  
Fumihiro Itoigawa ◽  
Shinya Hayakawa ◽  
Takashi Nakamura ◽  
Shun-ichiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Tool Electrode ◽  
Micro Edm ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Work Surface ◽  
Eds Analysis

A new deposition alloying process using Micro-EDM was developed. Using the energy released by the electrical discharge, material from the tool electrode is melted and deposited over the work surface. When a rotating bi-metal tool electrode is fed towards the work surface, the alloying between its elements occurs during process. The obtained results of the alloying between nickel and iron are presented in the present paper, when the components of the bi-metal tool electrode are made of YNi-1 (nickel alloy used in TIG welding — JIS standard) and medium carbon steel (S45C — JIS standard). X-ray and EDS analysis have shown that the chemical composition of the obtained deposit can be controlled and is proportional to the cross sectional area of each element present in the bi-metal electrode. With this process, a material with the same composition of Invar was successfully deposited.

Development of Advanced Alloying Process Using Micro-EDM Deposition Process

Volume 1 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Itiro Ori ◽  
Fumihiro Itoigawa ◽  
Shinya Hayakawa ◽  
Takashi Nakamura ◽  
Shun-Ichiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Tool Electrode ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Main Metal ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Micro Electrical Discharge Machining

The development of an advanced alloying process using Micro-Electrical Discharge Machining Deposition is described in the present paper. The new process uses a micro-sized bimetal tool electrode, which is composed of two halves; each part made of a different metal. The alloying process of the two metals occurs during the deposition process previously proposed by the authors, which can create 3-dimensional micro-sized objects. The quality of alloyed metal was verified using X-ray analysis. In the present experiment the two metals used are YNi-1 (nickel alloy used in TIG welding) and S45C (medium carbon steel). EPMA results of the obtained deposit show that the nickel and iron distribution in the deposit is uniform when the tool electrode spins during the deposition process. Also, it was found that the chemical composition of the main metal in the deposited object is proportional to the cross sectional area in the bi-metal electrode section. Therefore, not only the deposition process takes place but also the chemical composition of the deposit can be simultaneously controlled using this process.

scholarly journals Elucidation of void defects by soft reduction in medium carbon steel via EBSD and X-ray computed tomography

2021 ◽  
pp. 109978
Author(s):  
Naqash Ali ◽  
Liqiang Zhang ◽  
Hongwei Zhou ◽  
Aonan Zhao ◽  
Chaojie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Soft Reduction ◽  
Void Defects ◽  
X Ray Computed

scholarly journals Effect of Boron on Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of Mo-Si-B Based Coatings Produced Via TIG Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 1515-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Islak ◽  
C. Özorak ◽  
C. T. Sezgin ◽  
M. Akkaş
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Boron Content ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract In this study, Mo-Si-B based coatings were produced using tungsten inert gas (TIG) process on the medium carbon steel because the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of these alloys are particularly favourable for high-temperature structural applications. It is aimed to investigate of microstructure and microhardness properties of Mo-Si-B based coatings. Optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the microstructures of Mo-Si-B based coatings. The XRD results showed that microstructure of Mo–Si–B coating consists of α-Mo, α-Fe, Mo2B, Mo3Si and Mo5SiB2 phases. It was reported that the grains in the microstructure were finer with increasing amounts of boron which caused to occur phase precipitations in the grain boundary. Besides, the average microhardness of coatings changed between 735 HV0.3 and 1140 HV0.3 depending on boron content.

The Application of X-Ray Diffraction Techniques to the Study of Wear

1966 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. J. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Unlubricated Wear ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
X Ray

AbstractThe relevance of X-ray diffraction techniques to the investigation of the chemical, physical, and crystallographic changes occurring during sliding wear is discussed in relation to existing theories of wear. By-way of illustration, the application of the powder X-ray cylindrical film technique to the unlubricated wear of a low-alloy, medium carbon steel is treated in some detail. The variation of the relative proportions of iron and its oxides in the wear debris with changes in sliding speed is described. It is shown that the results lend partial support to the oxidational hypothesis of the unlubricated wear of steel.

scholarly journals An Influence of Parameters of Micro-electrical Discharge Machining on Wear of Tool Electrode

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindan Puthumana
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Tool Electrode ◽  
Micro Edm ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Micro Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Wear Ratio ◽  
Tool Wear Ratio ◽  
Main Effect

AbstractTo achieve better precision of features generated using the micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM), there is a necessity to minimize the wear of the tool electrode, because a change in the dimensions of the electrode is reflected directly or indirectly on the feature. This paper presents a novel modeling and analysis approach of the tool wear in micro-EDM using a systematic statistical method exemplifying the influences of capacitance, feed rate and voltage on the tool wear ratio. The association between tool wear ratio and the input factors is comprehended by using main effect plots, interaction effects and regression analysis. A maximum variation of four-fold in the tool wear ratio have been observed which indicated that the tool wear ratio varies significantly over the trials. As the capacitance increases from 1 to 10 nF, the increase in tool wear ratio is by 33%. An increase in voltage as well as capacitance would lead to an increase in the number of charged particles, the number of collisions among them, which further enhances the transfer of the proportion of heat energy to the tool surface. Furthermore, to model the tool wear phenomenon, a regression relationship between tool wear ratio and the process inputs has been developed.

Paper 24: Dry Wear of Steel as Revealed by Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction

1967 ◽  
Vol 182 (14) ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
T. F. J. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Fatigue Failures

Low-alloy, medium-carbon steel (AISI 4340) pins have been worn against discs of the same material at various loads under unlubricated (‘dry’) sliding conditions. Shadowed carbon replicas have been obtained from the surfaces of selected pins and discs. Transmission electron microscopy of these replicas revealed several interesting features, the most interesting being the presence of reproducible crack systems occurring in those parts of the surface at which the wear is taking place. These cracks are very similar to those obtained in fatigue failures. X-ray diffraction patterns were also obtained from these specimens, and from the corresponding wear debris. These indicated that oxidation had occurred at temperatures considerably in excess of the measured ambient temperatures. The various topographic and crystallographic features revealed by the electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques are discussed in relation to a possible mechanism of ‘dry’ wear

Microstructure and Electrode Discharge Machining of TiN/Si3N4 Composites

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 1337-1340
Author(s):  
Chien Cheng Liu ◽  
Jow Lay Huang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Tool Electrode ◽  
Electrode Wear ◽  
Micro Edm ◽  
Si3n4 Ceramic ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Electrode Discharge ◽  
Scanning Electron

Conductive TiN/Si3N4 ceramic composites were processed by electrical discharge machining (EDM) and their microstructure and conductivity investigated. A low electrical resistivity of 1.25×10-3Ω.cm was obtained in 40vol%TiN/Si3N4 composite. The whole process of tool electrode wear is evaluated by sinker-EDM. The machined surfaces of TiN/Si3N4 ceramic composites were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and profilometry to determine the surface finish. Micropores of 700µm in depth and 70µm in diameter were successfully machined in TiN/ Si3N4 composites by the micro-EDM method.

Influence of the electrode material on the nitriding of medium carbon steel using sink electrical discharge machining

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (5-8) ◽  
pp. 2001-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Felício dos Santos ◽  
Ernane Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Wisley Falco Sales ◽  
Alberto Arnaldo Raslan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon
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