Novel Magnetic Propulsion System for Capsule Endoscopy

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhi Hu ◽  
Mingyuan Gao ◽  
Zhenzhi Chen ◽  
Honghai Zhang ◽  
Sheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Capsule Endoscope ◽  
Space Experiments ◽  
Magnetic Propulsion ◽  
Robotic Endoscope

For the purpose of realizing the noninvasive exploration of gastrointestinal tract, a novel magnetic propulsion system is proposed, which includes a patient support, a magnet assembly with two groups of permanent magnets positioned oppositely, and a magnet support. The proposed approach exploits permanent magnet and coupling movement of multi-axis components to generate quasi-static magnetic field for controlling the position, orientation, and movement of a self-propelled robotic endoscope in the gastrointestinal tract. By driving the five coupling axes, the proposed magnetic propulsion system is capable of steering the capsule endoscope through the intestinal tract in multi-directions of 2D space. Experiments in simulated intestinal tract are conducted to demonstrate controlled translation, rotation, and rototranslation of capsule endoscope. Finite Element Method is used to analyze navigation system’s mechanical properties and the distributions of magnetic field. The proposed technique has great potential of enabling the application of controlled magnetic navigation in the field of capsule endoscopy.

scholarly journals Safety, efficacy, and maneuverability of a self-propelled capsule endoscope for observation of the human gastrointestinal tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (09) ◽  
pp. E1391-E1396
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Ota ◽  
Yuichi Kojima ◽  
Kazuki Kakimoto ◽  
Sadaharu Nouda ◽  
Toshihisa Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
First Generation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Capsule Endoscope ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Capsule Endoscopes ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
Real Time Observation

Abstract Background and study aims We developed a self-propelled capsule endoscope that can be controlled from outside the body with real-time observation. To improve the device, we conducted a clinical trial of total gastrointestinal capsule endoscopy in healthy subjects to ascertain whether our first-generation, self-propelled capsule endoscope was safe and effective for observing the entire human gastrointestinal tract. Patients and methods After adequate gastrointestinal pretreatment, five healthy subjects were instructed to swallow a self-propelling capsule endoscope and the safety of a complete gastrointestinal capsule endoscopy with this device was assessed. We also investigated basic problems associated with complete gastrointestinal capsule endoscopy. Results No adverse effects of the magnetic field were identified in any of the subjects. No mucosal damage was noted in any of the subjects with the use of our first-generation, self-propelling capsule endoscope. We found that it took longer than expected to observe the stomach; the view was compromised by the swallowed saliva. The pylorus was extremely difficult to navigate, and the endoscope’s fin sometimes got caught in the folds of the small intestine and colon. Conclusions To resolve the problems associated with the existing self-propelling capsule endoscope, it may be necessary to not only improve the capsule endoscopes, but also to control the environment within the gastrointestinal tract with medications and other means. Our results could guide other researchers in developing capsule endoscopes controllable from outside the body, thus allowing real-time observation.

scholarly journals The Entire Intestinal Tract Surveillance Using Capsule Endoscopy after Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Administration: A Prospective Observational Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Keitaro Shimozaki ◽  
Kenro Hirata ◽  
Sara Horie ◽  
Akihiko Chida ◽  
Kai Tsugaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Screening Method

Background: Despite the proven efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against various types of malignancies, they have been found to induce immune-related adverse events, such as enterocolitis; however, the clinical features of ICI-induced enterocolitis remain to be sufficiently elucidated, which is significant, considering the importance of early detection in the appropriate management and treatment of ICI-induced enterocolitis. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the utility of capsule endoscopy as a screening tool for ICI-induced enterocolitis. Methods: This single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted on patients with malignancy who received any ICI between April 2016 and July 2020 at Keio University Hospital. Next, second-generation capsule endoscopy (CCE-2) was performed on day 60 after ICI initiation to explore the entire gastrointestinal tract. Results: Among the 30 patients enrolled herein, 23 underwent CCE-2. Accordingly, a total of 23 findings were observed in 14 (60.8%) patients at any portion of the gastrointestinal tract (7 patients in the colon, 4 patients in the small intestine, 2 patients in both the colon and the small intestine, and 1 patient in the stomach). After capsule endoscopy, 2 patients (8.7%) developed ICI-induced enterocolitis: both had significantly higher Capsule Scoring of Ulcerative Colitis than those who had not developed ICI-induced enterocolitis (p = 0.0455). No adverse events related to CCE-2 were observed. Conclusions: CCE-2 might be a safe and useful entire intestinal tract screening method for the early detection of ICI-induced enterocolitis in patients with malignancies.

Design and Fabrication of a Magnetic Propulsion System for Self-Propelled Capsule Endoscope

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2891-2902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyuan Gao ◽  
Chengzhi Hu ◽  
Zhenzhi Chen ◽  
Honghai Zhang ◽  
Sheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Propulsion System ◽  
Capsule Endoscope ◽  
Magnetic Propulsion

scholarly journals Design of a New 1D Halbach Magnet Array with Good Sinusoidal Magnetic Field by Analyzing the Curved Surface

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2522
Author(s):  
Guangdou Liu ◽  
Shiqin Hou ◽  
Xingping Xu ◽  
Wensheng Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Curved Surface ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Sinusoidal Magnetic Field ◽  
The Magnetic Field

In the linear and planar motors, the 1D Halbach magnet array is extensively used. The sinusoidal property of the magnetic field deteriorates by analyzing the magnetic field at a small air gap. Therefore, a new 1D Halbach magnet array is proposed, in which the permanent magnet with a curved surface is applied. Based on the superposition of principle and Fourier series, the magnetic flux density distribution is derived. The optimized curved surface is obtained and fitted by a polynomial. The sinusoidal magnetic field is verified by comparing it with the magnetic flux density of the finite element model. Through the analysis of different dimensions of the permanent magnet array, the optimization result has good applicability. The force ripple can be significantly reduced by the new magnet array. The effect on the mass and air gap is investigated compared with a conventional magnet array with rectangular permanent magnets. In conclusion, the new magnet array design has the scalability to be extended to various sizes of motor and is especially suitable for small air gap applications.

Frequency Tuning of a Nonlinear Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Longhan Xie ◽  
Ruxu Du
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Stretch Ratio ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Elastic Strings ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Frequency Tunable

This paper investigates a frequency-tunable nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester. The electromagnetic harvester mainly consists of permanent magnets supported on the base to provide a magnetic field, and electrical coils suspended by four even-distributed elastic strings to be an oscillating object. When the base provides external excitation, the electrical coils oscillate in the magnetic field to produce electricity. The stretch length of the elastic strings can be tuned to change their stretch ratio by tuning adjustable screws, which can result in a shift of natural frequency of the harvester system. The transverse force of the elastic strings has nonlinear behavior, which broadens the system's frequency response to improve the performance of the energy harvester. Both simulation and experiment show that the above-discussed electromagnetic energy harvester has nonlinear behavior and frequency-tunable ability, which can be used to improve the effectiveness of energy harvesting.

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