Forest Thinning Residues as a Potential Fuel Source

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Brown ◽  
Richard A. Jepsen
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Mobile System ◽  
Process Improvements ◽  
Pyrolysis Unit ◽  
Fuel Source ◽  
Dense Liquid

Northern New Mexico forests are characterized predominantly by small (i.e. around 10 cm diameter), densely populated conifers. Land managers, both private and government, often thin the forests to reduce the risks from wildland fire. Thinned residues typically amount to approximately 20 to 50 tons per acre. With no obvious market use for these small thinning residues, they are presently either discarded on the ground, or burnt as waste. Through a small business assistance initiative, Sandia National Laboratories is helping to identify and promote process improvements. Several productive uses of the residues have been evaluated, and are presented. The concept of a mobile pyrolysis unit is presently being examined in more detail for several pragmatic reasons. It could remove a significant fraction of the mass as a dense liquid that could be shipped to a refinery for conversion to a fossil fuel additive or substitute. Also, it is a process that is sufficiently well self contained that it could be reasonably sized for a mobile system. Present issues with the concept are addressed, including yield, benefit, and cost.

scholarly journals Measurement report: Evaluation of sources and mixing state of black carbon aerosol under the background of emission reduction in the North China Plain: implications for radiative effect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyuan Wang ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Jiamao Zhou ◽  
Jianhuai Ye ◽  
Wenting Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Radiative Effect ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Fuel Source

Abstract. Accurate understanding of sources and mixing state of black carbon (BC) aerosol is essential for assessing its impacts on air quality and climatic effect. Here, a winter campaign (December 2017–January 2018) was conducted in the North China Plain (NCP) to evaluate the sources, coating composition, and radiative effect of BC under the background of emission reduction since 2013. Results show that liquid fossil fuel source (i.e., traffic emission) and solid fuel source (i.e., biomass and coal burning) contributed 69 % and 31 % to the total BC mass, respectively, using a multiwavelength optical approach combined with the source-based aerosol absorption Ångström exponent values. The air quality model indicates that local emission was the dominant contributor to BC at the measurement site on average, however, emissions in the NCP exerted a critical role for high BC episode. Six classes of BC-containing particles were identified, including (1) BC coated by organic carbon and sulphate (52 % of total BC-containing particles), (2) BC coated by Na and K (24 %), (3) BC coated by K, sulphate, and nitrate (17 %), (4) BC associated with biomass burning (6 %), (5) Pure-BC (1 %), and (6) others (1 %). Different BC sources had distinct impacts on those BC-containing particles. A radiative transfer model estimated that the amount of BC detected can produce an atmospheric forcing of +18.0 W m−2 and a heating rate of 0.5 K day−1. Results presented herein highlight that further reduction of solid fuel combustion-related BC may be a more effective way to mitigate regional warming in the NCP, although larger BC contribution was from liquid fossil fuel source.

scholarly journals New Mexico Small Business Assistance Program Pairs Inventors with National Labs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Garcia
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Assistance Program

scholarly journals 2017 New Mexico Small Business Owner Survey: Hispanic Supplement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittne Nelson
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Business Owner ◽  
Small Business Owner

scholarly journals New Mexico Small Business Assistance Program: Management Sciences Inc. Final Report.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey Eugene Burr ◽  
Casey Eugene Burr ◽  
Casey Eugene Burr ◽  
Casey Eugene Burr ◽  
Casey Eugene Burr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Program Management ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Assistance Program

scholarly journals 2017 New Mexico Small Business Owner Survey

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittne Nelson
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Business Owner ◽  
Small Business Owner

scholarly journals Inferential based statistical indicators for the assessment of solar resource data

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Chantelle May Clohessy ◽  
Gary Sharp ◽  
Johan Hugo ◽  
E. Van Dyk
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Resource Data ◽  
Solar Resource ◽  
Statistical Indicators ◽  
Fuel Source

The drive to reduce fossil fuel dependency led to a surge in interest in renewable energy as a replacement fuel source, which provided research opportunities for vastly different domains. Statistical modelling was used extensively to assist in research. This study applied two statistical techniques that can be used in conjunction or independently to existing methods to validate solar resource data simulated from models. The case study, using a database from a Southern African Universities Radiometric Network,  provided illustrative benefits to the methods proposed, while comparing them with some of the validation methods currently used. It was demonstrated that profile analysis plots are easy to interpret, as deviations between modelled and measured data over time are clearly observed, while traditional validation scatter plots are unable to distinguish these deviations.  

Second U.S. Geological Survey Wildland Fire Workshop: Los Alamos, New Mexico, October 31-November 3, 2000

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Coffelt ◽  
Russell K. Livingston
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Los Alamos

Determination of the Impacts of Nanoparticule Additives into Diesel Fuel on NOx Emmision Characteristics of a Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 857-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceyla Özgür ◽  
Tayfun Özgür ◽  
Mustafa Özcanli ◽  
Kadir Aydın
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Fossil Fuel Combustion ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

Transport is crucial for economic and social development of a society as it serves a key role for transportation of goods and people. But it is not free of negative externalities. Operation of transport vehicles require energy use and this energy is mostly generated with fossil fuel combustion. Unfortunately, the fossil fuel combustion comes with both global emissions (CO2, N2O, CH4), which cause climate change, and local emissions (PM, NOx, HC, CO, O3), which cause adverse health effects and damage natural environment. In this paper the level of NOx emission by adding fuel additive metal oxide based nanoparticles in heavy duty engines were investigated. Three different nanoparticle additives namely Titanium Oxide (TiO2), Silicon Oxide (SiO2) and Zinc Oxide (ZnO), were added to diesel fuel at the dosages of 15, 20 and 25 ppm. Eventually, the most proper additive and addition dosages were indicated.

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