A Model Wind Turbine Design-Build-Test Project

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Post ◽  
Curtis Boirum
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Variable Resistor ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Design Build

This paper describes a semester-long class project for students in junior-level Fluid Mechanics courses. The goals of the project are to introduce students to engineering design and to incorporate material from other courses in engineering graphics, instrumentation and measurements, and manufacturing processes in a single project. Each team of 3–4 undergraduate students had to design, build, and test a scale model horizontal-axis wind turbine. The wind turbines were designed using solid modeling software, and constructed using either a rapid prototyping machine or a CNC milling machine. The wind turbines were about 15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 inches) in diameter when built, and were placed in a wind tunnel for testing. A small DC motor was used as an electric generator and coupled to the wind turbines through a straight shaft. A variable resistor was incorporated into the circuit so that the rotational speed of the turbine-generator apparatus could be varied. Students were graded based on the efficiency of their wind turbines in converting wind kinetic energy into electrical energy. An additional requirement was for the students to perform a literature review to assess the state of the art in commercial wind turbine technology.

Methodology for Wind/Wave Basin Testing of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather R. Martin ◽  
Richard W. Kimball ◽  
Anthony M. Viselli ◽  
Andrew J. Goupee
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Model Testing ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbine Aerodynamics ◽  
Floating Wind Turbine ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Wave Basin

Scale model wave basin testing is often employed in the development and validation of large scale offshore vessels and structures by the oil and gas, military and marine industries. A basin model test requires less time, resources and risk than a full scale test while providing real and accurate data for model validation. As the development of floating wind turbine technology progresses in order to capture the vast deepwater wind energy resource, it is clear that model testing will be essential for the economical and efficient advancement of this technology. However, the scale model testing of floating wind turbines requires one to accurately simulate the wind and wave environments, structural flexibility and wind turbine aerodynamics, and thus requires a comprehensive scaling methodology. This paper presents a unified methodology for Froude scale testing of floating wind turbines under combined wind and wave loading. First, an overview of the scaling relationships employed for the environment, floater and wind turbine are presented. Afterward, a discussion is presented concerning suggested methods for manufacturing a high-quality, low turbulence Froude scale wind environment in a wave basin to facilitate simultaneous application of wind and waves to the model. Subsequently, the difficulties of scaling the highly Reynolds number-dependent wind turbine aerodynamics is presented in addition to methods for tailoring the turbine and wind characteristics to best emulate the full scale condition. Lastly, the scaling methodology is demonstrated using results from 1/50th scale floating wind turbine testing performed at MARIN’s (Maritime Research Institute Netherlands) Offshore Basin which tested the 126 m rotor diameter NREL (National Renewable Energy Lab) horizontal axis wind turbine atop three floating platforms: a tension-leg platform, a spar-buoy and a semi-submersible. The results demonstrate the methodology’s ability to adequately simulate full scale global response of floating wind turbine systems.

Methodology for Wind/Wave Basin Testing of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather R. Martin ◽  
Richard W. Kimball ◽  
Anthony M. Viselli ◽  
Andrew J. Goupee
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Model Testing ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbine Aerodynamics ◽  
Floating Wind Turbine ◽  
Wave Basin

Scale-model wave basin testing is often employed in the development and validation of large-scale offshore vessels and structures by the oil and gas, military, and marine industries. A basin-model test requires less time, resources, and risk than a full-scale test, while providing real and accurate data for numerical simulator validation. As the development of floating wind turbine technology progresses in order to capture the vast deep-water wind energy resource, it is clear that model testing will be essential for the economical and efficient advancement of this technology. However, the scale model testing of floating wind turbines requires accurate simulation of the wind and wave environments, structural flexibility, and wind turbine aerodynamics and thus requires a comprehensive scaling methodology. This paper presents a unified methodology for Froude scale model testing of floating wind turbines under combined wind and wave loading. First, an overview of the scaling relationships employed for the environment, floater, and wind turbine are presented. Afterward, a discussion is presented concerning suggested methods for manufacturing a high-quality, low-turbulence Froude scale wind environment in a wave basin to facilitate simultaneous application of wind and waves to the model. Subsequently, the difficulties of scaling the highly Reynolds number–dependent wind turbine aerodynamics is presented in addition to methods for tailoring the turbine and wind characteristics to best emulate the full-scale condition. Lastly, the scaling methodology is demonstrated using results from 1/50th-scale floating wind turbine testing performed at the Maritime Research Institute Netherlands (MARIN) Offshore Basin. The model test campaign investigated the response of the 126 -m rotor diameter National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) horizontal axis wind turbine atop three floating platforms: a tension-leg platform, a spar-buoy, and a semisubmersible. The results highlight the methodology's strengths and weaknesses for simulating full-scale global response of floating wind turbine systems.

SIMULASI NUMERIK PADA DIFFUSER AUGMENTED WIND TURBINES DENGAN ROTOR GANDA KONTRA ROTASI

KURVATEK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Yosua Heru Irawan ◽  
M Agung Bramantya
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Mechanical Power ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Rotation Direction ◽  
Turbine Model

Wind energy is one form of renewable energy in Indonesia and its potential is very large to be utilized. Wind energy can be converted into electrical energy using wind turbines. Horizontal axis wind turbine will be the subject of this study, where the wind turbine model will be given additional diffuser. In addition, this wind turbine model will also be developed from a single rotor wind turbine into a double rotor wind turbine with opposite rotation direction or counter rotation. This research uses numerical simulation method using ANSYS Fluent software to know wind turbine performance. Simulations were performed at wind speeds of 3 m/s, with the ratio of the length and diameter of the inlet diffuser 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; and 2.5. Based on the simulation results, it can be seen that the greater the ratio of inlet length and diameter, the mechanical power generated by the wind turbine rotor is greater. Double rotor wind turbine with a length ratio and 2.5 inlet diameter produces the highest performance on the front rotor and rotor rear. The greater the ratio of the length and diameter of the inlet, the mechanical power generated by the front rotor and the rotor inside the diffuser also increases.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of a Wind Turbine Blade with Dimples to Enhance the Efficiency through CFD with ANSYS R16.0

2018 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
M. Rajaram Narayanan ◽  
S. Nallusamy ◽  
M. Ragesh Sathiyan
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Lift And Drag

In the global scenario, wind turbines and their aerodynamics are always subjected to constant research for increasing their efficiency which converts the abundant wind energy into usable electrical energy. In this research, an attempt is made to increase the efficiency through the changes in surface topology of wind turbines through computational fluid dynamics. Dimples on the other hand are very efficient in reducing air drag as is it evident from the reduction of drag and increase in lift in golf balls. The predominant factors influencing the efficiency of the wind turbines are lift and drag which are to be maximized and minimized respectively. In this research, surface of turbine blades are integrated with dimples of various sizes and arrangements and are analyzed using computational fluid dynamics to obtain an optimum combination. The analysis result shows that there is an increase in power with about 15% increase in efficiency. Hence, integration of dimples on the surface of wind turbine blades has helped in increasing the overall efficiency of the wind turbine.

scholarly journals Modeling and simulation of forces applied to the horizontal axis wind turbine rotors by the vortex method coupled with the method of the blade element

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Ibtissem Barkat ◽  
Abdelouahab Benretem ◽  
Fawaz Massouh ◽  
Issam Meghlaoui ◽  
Ahlem Chebel
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Vortex Method ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Blade Element

This article aims to study the forces applied to the rotors of horizontal axis wind turbines. The aerodynamics of a turbine are controlled by the flow around the rotor, or estimate of air charges on the rotor blades under various operating conditions and their relation to the structural dynamics of the rotor are critical for design. One of the major challenges in wind turbine aerodynamics is to predict the forces on the blade as various methods, including blade element moment theory (BEM), the approach that is naturally adapted to the simulation of the aerodynamics of wind turbines and the dynamic and models (CFD) that describes with fidelity the flow around the rotor. In our article we proposed a modeling method and a simulation of the forces applied to the horizontal axis wind rotors turbines using the application of the blade elements method to model the rotor and the vortex method of free wake modeling in order to develop a rotor model, which can be used to study wind farms. This model is intended to speed up the calculation, guaranteeing a good representation of the aerodynamic loads exerted by the wind.

Research on Wind Turbine Blade Loads and Dynamics Factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 1014 ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Zhi Qiang Xu ◽  
Jian Huang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Turbine Wheel

Wind turbines consists of three key parts, namely, wind wheels (including blades, hub, etc.), cabin (including gearboxes, motors, controls, etc.) and the tower and Foundation. Wind turbine wheel is the most important part ,which is made up of blades and hubs. Blade has a good aerodynamic shape, which will produce aerodynamic in the airflow rotation, converting wind energy into mechanical energy, and then, driving the generator into electrical energy by gearbox pace. Wind turbine operates in the natural environment, their load wind turbine blades are more complex. Therefore load calculations and strength analysis for wind turbine design is very important. Wind turbine blades are core components of wind turbines, so understanding of their loads and dynamics by which the load on the wind turbine blade design is of great significance.

Effect of Slotted Angle on Savonius Wind Turbine Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Rahmat Wahyudi ◽  
Diniar Mungil Kurniawati ◽  
Alfian Djafar
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Angle Variation ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Savonius Wind Turbine ◽  
Low Wind Speeds

The potential of wind energy is very abundant but its utilization is still low. The effort to utilize wind energy is to utilize wind energy into electrical energy using wind turbines. Savonius wind turbines have a very simple shape and construction, are inexpensive, and can be used at low wind speeds. This research aims to determine the effect of the slot angle on the slotted blades configuration on the performance produced by Savonius wind turbines. Slot angle variations used are 5o ,10o , and 15o with slotted blades 30% at wind speeds of 2,23 m/s to 4,7 m/s using wind tunnel. The result showed that a small slot angle variation of 5o produced better wind turbine performance compared to a standard blade at low wind speeds and a low tip speed ratio.

scholarly journals Performance prediction of loop-type wind turbine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 168781401984047
Author(s):  
Wonyoung Jeon ◽  
Jeanho Park ◽  
Seungro Lee ◽  
Youngguan Jung ◽  
Yeesock Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Blockage Ratio ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis

An experimental and analytical method to evaluate the performance of a loop-type wind turbine generator is presented. The loop-type wind turbine is a horizontal axis wind turbine with a different shaped blade. A computational fluid dynamics analysis and experimental studies were conducted in this study to validate the performance of the computational fluid dynamics method, when compared with the experimental results obtained for a 1/15 scale model of a 3 kW wind turbine. Furthermore, the performance of a full sized wind turbine is predicted. The computational fluid dynamics analysis revealed a sufficiently large magnitude of external flow field, indicating that no factor influences the flow other than the turbine. However, the experimental results indicated that the wall surface of the wind tunnel significantly affects the flow, due to the limited cross-sectional size of the wind tunnel used in the tunnel test. The turbine power is overestimated when the blockage ratio is high; thus, the results must be corrected by defining the appropriate blockage factor (the factor that corrects the blockage ratio). The turbine performance was corrected using the Bahaj method. The simulation results showed good agreement with the experimental results. The performance of an actual 3 kW wind turbine was also predicted by computational fluid dynamics.

Heuristic Coupling Design-Optimization between a Variable Speed Generator and a Wind Rotor

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Cherif Khelifi ◽  
Fateh Ferroudji ◽  
Farouk Meguellati ◽  
Khaled Koussa
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Mechanical Power ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Electric Generator

A high emergence of wind energy into the electricity market needs a parallel efficient advance of wind power forecasting models. Determining optimal specific speed and drive-train ratio is crucial to describe, comprehend and optimize the coupling design between a wind turbine-rotor and an electric generator (EG) to capture maximum output power from the wind. The selection of the specific design speed to drive a generator is limited. It varies from (1-4) for vertical axis wind turbines and (6-8) for horizontal axis wind turbines. Typically, the solution is an iterative procedure, for selecting the adequate multiplier ratio giving the output power curve. The latter must be relatively appreciated to inlet and nominal rated wind speeds. However, instead of this tedious and costly method, in the present paper we are developing a novel heuristic coupling approach, which is economical, easy to describe and applicable for all types of variable speed wind turbines (VSWTs). The principle method is based on the fact that the mechanical power needed of the wind turbine (WT) to drive the EG must be permanently closer to the maximum mechanical power generated by the (WT).

scholarly journals Comparison of horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.13) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhd Khudri Johari ◽  
Muhammad Azim A Jalil ◽  
Mohammad Faizal Mohd Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
And Performance

As the demand for green technology is rising rapidly worldwide, it is important that Malaysian researchers take advantage of Malaysia’s windy climates and areas to initiate more power generation projects using wind. The main objectives of this study are to build a functional wind turbine and to compare the performance of two types of design for wind turbine under different speeds and behaviours of the wind. A three-blade horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and a Darrieus-type vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) have been designed with CATIA software and constructed using a 3D-printing method. Both wind turbines have undergone series of tests before the voltage and current output from the wind turbines are collected. The result of the test is used to compare the performance of both wind turbines that will imply which design has the best efficiency and performance for Malaysia’s tropical climate. While HAWT can generate higher voltage (up to 8.99 V at one point), it decreases back to 0 V when the wind angle changes. VAWT, however, can generate lower voltage (1.4 V) but changes in the wind angle does not affect its voltage output at all. The analysis has proven that VAWT is significantly more efficient to be built and utilized for Malaysia’s tropical and windy climates. This is also an initiative project to gauge the possibility of building wind turbines, which could be built on the extensive and windy areas surrounding Malaysian airports.  

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