Evolution of Anand Parameters With Elevated Temperature Aging for SAC Leadfree Alloys

Author(s):  
Pradeep Lall ◽  
Vikas Yadav ◽  
Jeff Suhling ◽  
David Locker

Abstract Electronic equipment in automotive, agricultural and avionics applications may be subjected to temperatures in the range of −55 to 200°C during storage, operation and handling in addition to high strain-rates. Strain rates in owing to vibration and shock may range from 1–100 per sec. Temperature in electronic assemblies depends typically on location, energy dissipation and thermal architecture. Some investigators have indicated that the required operating temperature is between −40 to 200°C for automotive electronics located underhood, on engine, on transmission. Prior data indicates the evolution of mechanical properties under extended exposures to high temperatures. However, the constitutive models are often only available for pristine materials only. In this paper, effect of low operating temperatures (−65°C to 0°C) on Anand-model parameters at high strain rates (10–75 per sec) for aged SAC (SAC105 and SAC-Q) solder alloys has been studied. Stress-Strain curves have been obtained at low operating temperatures using tensile tests. The SAC leadfree solder samples were subjected to isothermal-aged up to 4-months at 50°C before testing. Anand Viscoplastic model has been used to describe the material constitutive behavior. Evolution of Anand Model parameters for SAC solder has been investigated. The computed parameters of the experimental data were used to simulate the tensile test and verified the accuracy of the model. A good correlation was found between experimental data and Anand predicted data.




2014 ◽  
Vol 794-796 ◽  
pp. 520-525
Author(s):  
Vincent Vilamosa ◽  
Arild H. Clausen ◽  
Odd Sture Hopperstad ◽  
Tore Børvik ◽  
Svein Skjervold

In an attempt to improve the constitutive models for 6xxx aluminium alloys at high temperatures and high strain rates, a comprehensive test series has been carried out for AA6060. Uniaxial tension tests were performed at various strain rates from 0.01 s-1to 1000 s-1and temperatures from 20 °C to 350 °C. The tests were carried out using a standard tensile machine for low to moderate strain rates and a split-Hopkinson tension bar (SHTB) system for high strain rates. In both cases, an induction apparatus was used to heat the sample while local deformation measurements were obtained with a high-speed camera and used to estimate the true strain beyond necking. Strong coupling between the influence of strain rate and temperature on the stress-strain behaviour was found. At room temperature, the strain rate has a minor effect on the behaviour of AA6060. On the other hand, a significant increase of the yield stress and work-hardening with strain-rate is observed for temperatures above (K), being the melting temperature; i.e., above 673 K.



2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 2612
Author(s):  
Chen Da-Nian ◽  
Fan Chun-Lei ◽  
Hu Jin-Wei ◽  
Tan Hua ◽  
Wang Huan-Ran ◽  
...  


Author(s):  
Ya-fu Fan ◽  
Jun-sheng Ning ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Xin-zhong Cui

In this paper, impact experiments in nitrogen alloyed austenitic steel (high-N steel) and 685 steel were carried out with the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) apparatus. It can be found from the experiments that the plastic modulus and the strain-rate sensitivity exponent are two main factors of holding together materials dynamic steadiness at high strain-rates. In particular, the magnitude of plastic modulus indicated the ability with transferring stress-wave load in aspect of physical nature. The greater this value, the greater is absorbency of projectile dynamical energy for target material. This conclusion has been proved by fitting Johnson-Cook model parameters and correlative numerical calculation and microcosmic analysis. Continuing above thoughts, the estimation of terminal ballistics performance of target material using Johnson damage number and hardening damage number will be applied in engineering.





2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Seidt ◽  
V-T. Kuokkala ◽  
J.L. Smith ◽  
A. Gilat


2018 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 02019
Author(s):  
Keunho Lee ◽  
Yerim Lee ◽  
Sanghyun Woo ◽  
Changsoo Lee ◽  
Leeju Park

The dynamic deformation behaviours of SCM 440 steel were characterized at the strain rates from 10-3 s-1 to 106 s-1. The uniaxial tensile tests at different temperature of 25 °C, 350 °C, and 700 °C were performed by a hydraulic universal testing machine equipped with a heating stage, and the compressive tests were conducted by using a spilt Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) at room temperature. Material coefficients of the Johnson-Cook constitutive model considering temperature effects were obtained based on the stressstrain relations from the experimental tests. In addition, Taylor impact tests on the SCM 440 steel were carried out to evaluate the accuracy of the determined material coefficients and characterize the dynamic behavior at the ultra-high strain rates and high temperature, by comparison with numerical simulations.



2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Trnka ◽  
Eva Nezbedová ◽  
Jan Kober ◽  
Jaroslav Buchar

The Hopkinson split pressure bar (HSPB) was used for the testing of three polymers at strain rates between 102 to 103 s-1. Higher strain rates were achieved using the direct Hopkinson test. Experimental data were evaluated in time as well as in the frequency domain. A more detailed analysis in the frequency domain showed that the description of tested polymers can be described in the framework of the linear viscoelasticity. The use of the direct Hopkinson test showed the occurrence of a permanent strain.



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