Realtime Wellbore Digitalization for Stimulations Using Multi-Well Fiber Optics

Distributed Fiber-optic Sensing (DFOS) provides real-time data acquisition, monitoring and diagnostics for well stimulation and well spacing assessment. These include measurements of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) with high frequency acoustics in treatment wells, and low frequency strain/temperature sensing in offset monitor ones. The goal of this integrated study is to show the value of multi-well fiber sensing for real time fracturing diagnostics and stimulation optimization. By integrating near field injection to far field strain responses we assess overall reservoir development. The availability of fibers on both the treatment well and a nearby observation well allows us to investigate the near-wellbore injection profile and the far-field strain fracture propagation. Quantitative strain levels clearly respond to the effects of well distance, location and treatment well stimulation design. Monitoring well strain measurements of fracture density and triggered stimulated span were logged and compared to acoustic signals in the nearfield stage by stage. DAS interpretation was conducted during the treatment of each stage indicating the effectiveness and efficiency of the completion design. Results show that this is a very effective tool to better understand the performance of the fracturing treatment by digital transformation using DAS data. In addition, acoustic and strain measurements also validated its diagnostic capability for real-time operation monitoring. In this presentation we show how the near-field acoustic and far-field strain measurements allow for better understanding of the completion efficiency. This is by assessing the far field response to quantified DAS injected signals in the treatment. This analysis takes advantage of fiber installation on both the treatment and nearby monitor well. The fluid and proppant allocations in the near field were performed on the treatment well using relative acoustic intensities. Meanwhile, the fracture propagation induced strain change is recorded by the offset fiber well. Using this fiber data reveals dominant clusters and stage bias from near-field injection profile. Simultaneously the far-field identified fracture counts from strain further enable a geomechanical assessment of the stimulated reservoir and assess the effectiveness of the completion design. Multiple DAS fiber equipped wells not only provide single diagnostic tool for each of the fiber well, but also demonstrate significant integrated assessment of the stimulation effectiveness, completion efficiency, well interaction, and reservoir description. Availability of near and far field measurements constitutes an important tool to assess properties of the reservoir. Here we show how different vantage points can help illuminate a fracturing program in unconventional reservoirs.

Complete Genome Sequencing of the Attenuated Strain Mycoplasma synoviae 5-9

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of Mycoplasma synoviae strain 5-9. Strain 5-9 was attenuated by chemical mutagenesis from a field strain isolated from egg breeders in Ningxia, China. It was completely sequenced and its genome annotated; it is presented with the relevant data as a potential vaccine candidate.

Evaluation of the Presence and Viability of Mycobacterium bovis in Wild Boar Meat and Meat-Based Preparations

The aim of the present study is to provide information about the ability of Mycobacterium bovis to survive within wild boar (Sus scrofae) meat and meat-based preparations and the duration of this survival, and to consider the preservation of its infectious potential toward humans and animals. Meat samples were artificially contaminated with an M. bovis field strain and then stored at −20 °C, while two sausages batches were contaminated with the same field strain at two different concentrations, 105 CFU/g and 103 CFU/g, before storing them in proper conditions to allow for their ripening. A third sausage batch was contaminated by adding 2 g of wild boar lymph nodal tissue with active tuberculous lesions to the meat mixture. Bacteriological and biomolecular (PCR) methods were used to test the meat and sausage samples every 60 days and every 7–10 days, respectively. M. bovis was detected as still alive and viable on the frozen meat for the last test on the 342nd day, while from the sausage samples, M. bovis was isolated until 23 days after contamination. Our results indicate that M. bovis can stay alive and be viable for 23 days within sausages prepared with contaminated meat from infected wild boars. These products are usually eaten as fresh food after grilling, often cooking at a temperature that does not ensure complete inactivation of the pathogenic microorganisms present, which can pose a risk for humans to develop zoonotic tuberculosis.