Power Management Control Optimization of a Hybrid Electric-Diesel Locomotive

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Wilson ◽  
Timothy Cleary ◽  
Brent Ballew
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Specific Loading ◽  
Power Split

The interest of this work is to develop a control strategy to most effectively manage the power split between the energy storage system (ESS) and the diesel generator of a hybrid locomotive. The overall goal is to minimize fuel consumption of the diesel engine, while maximizing battery life of the onboard ESS. This problem proves to be complex due to the conflicting cost functions of fuel economy and battery state-of-health (SOH)[1]. In other words, during a typical drive cycle, fuel consumption is minimized by placing high loads upon the battery while minimizing negative effects on SOH requires more specific loading characteristics of the ESS for the same drive cycle. This work highlights the development of several power split control strategies for effective power management of a hybrid locomotive. The progression from a strict rule-based (RB) control strategy to an equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is realized through simulation. Likewise, the advantage of Model Predictive Control (FLC) is also shown in simulation.

scholarly journals MPC Framework for the Energy Management of Hybrid Ships with an Energy Storage System

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 993
Author(s):  
Spyros Antonopoulos ◽  
Klaas Visser ◽  
Miltiadis Kalikatzarakis ◽  
Vasso Reppa
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Specific Loading ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
The Impact

This paper proposes an advanced shipboard energy management strategy (EMS) based on model predictive control (MPC). This EMS aims to reduce mission-scale fuel consumption of ship hybrid power plants, taking into account constraints introduced by the shipboard battery system. Such constraints are present due to the boundaries on the battery capacity and state of charge (SoC) values, aiming to ensure safe seagoing operation and long-lasting battery life. The proposed EMS can be used earlier in the propulsion design process and requires no tuning of parameters for a specific operating profile. The novelties of the study reside in (i) studying the impact of mission-scale effects and integral constraints on optimal fuel consumption and controller robustness, (ii) benchmarking the performance of the proposed MPC framework. A case study carried out on a naval vessel demonstrates near-optimal and robust behaviour of the controller for several loading sequences. The application of the proposed MPC framework can lead to up to 3.5% consumption reduction due to utilisation of long term information, considering specific loading sequences and charge depleting (CD) battery operation.

Analysis and Control of Torque Split in Hybrid Electric Vehicles by Incorporating Powertrain Dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Bidarvatan ◽  
Mahdi Shahbakhti
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) energy management strategies usually ignore the effects from dynamics of internal combustion engines (ICEs). They usually rely on steady-state maps to determine the required ICE torque and energy conversion efficiency. It is important to investigate how ignoring these dynamics influences energy consumption in HEVs. This shortcoming is addressed in this paper by studying effects of engine and clutch dynamics on a parallel HEV control strategy for torque split. To this end, a detailed HEV model including clutch and ICE dynamic models is utilized in this study. Transient and steady-state experiments are used to verify the fidelity of the dynamic ICE model. The HEV model is used as a testbed to implement the torque split control strategy. Based on the simulation results, the ICE and clutch dynamics in the HEV can degrade the control strategy performance during the vehicle transient periods of operation by around 8% in urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) drive cycle. Conventional torque split control strategies in HEVs often overlook this fuel penalty. A new model predictive torque split control strategy is designed that incorporates effects of the studied powertrain dynamics. Results show that the new energy management control strategy can improve the HEV total energy consumption by more than 4% for UDDS drive cycle.

scholarly journals Real Time Energy Management and Control of Renewable Energy based Microgrid in Grid Connected and Island Modes

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Worku ◽  
Mohamed Hassan ◽  
Mohamed Abido
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Real Time Digital Simulator ◽  
System Frequency

An efficient power management control for microgrids with energy storage is presented in this paper. The proposed control scheme increases the reliability and resiliency of the microgrid based on three distributed energy resources (DERs), namely Photovoltaic (PV), battery, and diesel generator with local active loads. Coordination among the DERs with energy storage is essential for microgrid management. The system model and the control strategy were developed in Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). Decoupled d-q current control strategy is proposed and implemented for voltage source converters (VSCs) used to interface the PV and battery sources to the AC grid. A dc-dc buck converter with a maximum power point tracking function is implemented to maximize the intermittent energy generation from the PV array. A controller is proposed and employed for both grid connected and island modes of operation. In grid connected mode, the system frequency and voltage are regulated by the grid. During a fault in island mode, the diesel generator controls the system frequency and voltage in isochronous mode. Results based on the real time digital simulator are provided to verify the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

An Optimal Power Management Strategy for Hydraulic Hybrid Output Coupled Power-Split Transmission

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajneesh Kumar ◽  
Monika Ivantysynova
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Programming ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Power Management Strategy ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Instantaneous Optimization

Power-split drive represents a class of Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) that combines the convenience of CVT with the high overall transmission efficiency. In its hybrid configuration, a high pressure accumulator is used to capture the braking energy that is regenerated to aid the engine power during the next propulsion event. Output coupled power split drives are particularly suited for small and medium duty vehicle applications. In this work, optimal power management strategy has been designed based on Dynamic Programming approach. Although the control strategy obtained by Dynamic Programming is non-causal, it represents the benchmark solution against which other implementable power management schemes can be compared. Another control strategy based on instantaneous optimization is also discussed where a given cost function is minimized at every instant. It results in a sub-optimal solution that is practical and implementable. Finally, Dynamic Programming results are utilized to discuss the possible improvements that can be made to the instantaneous optimization based control strategy.

scholarly journals Design and Optimization of the Power Management Strategy of an Electric Drive Tracked Vehicle

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qunzhang Tu ◽  
Xiaochen Zhang ◽  
Ming Pan ◽  
Chengming Jiang ◽  
Jinhong Xue
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Tracked Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Electric Drive System

This article studies the power management control strategy of electric drive system and, in particular, improves the fuel economy for electric drive tracked vehicles. Combined with theoretical analysis and experimental data, real-time control oriented models of electric drive system are established. Taking into account the workloads of engine and the SOC (state of charge) of battery, a fuzzy logic based power management control strategy is proposed. In order to achieve a further improvement in fuel economic, a DEHPSO algorithm (differential evolution based hybrid particle swarm optimization) is adopted to optimize the membership functions of fuzzy controller. Finally, to verify the validity of control strategy, a HILS (hardware-in-the-loop simulation) platform is built based on dSPACE and related experiments are carried out. The results indicate that the proposed strategy obtained good effects on power management, which achieves high working efficiency and power output capacity. Optimized by DEHPSO algorithm, fuel consumption of the system is decreased by 4.88% and the fuel economy is obviously improved, which will offer an effective way to improve integrated performance of electric drive tracked vehicles.

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