Fatigue Analysis of Rail-Head-to-Web Fillet at Bolted Rail Joint Under Various Impact Wheel Load Factors and Support Configurations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaijun Zhu ◽  
J. Riley Edwards ◽  
Yu Qian ◽  
Bassem O. Andrawes
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Rail Head ◽  
Load Factors ◽  
Continuous Welded Rail ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

As one of the weakest locations in the track superstructure, the rail joint encounters different types of defects and failures, including rail bolt-hole cracking, rail head-web cracking or separation, broken or missing bolts, and joint bar cracking. The defects and failures are mainly initiated by the discontinuities of both geometric and mechanical properties due to the rail joint, and the high impact loads induced by the discontinuities. Continuous welded rail (CWR) overcomes most disadvantages of the rail joints. However, a large number of rail joints still exist in North American Railroads for a variety of reasons, and bolted joints are especially prevalent in early-built rail transit systems. Cracks are often found to initiate in the area of the first bolt-hole and rail-head-to-web fillet (upper fillet) at the rail end among bolted rail joints, which might cause further defects, such as rail breaks or loss of rail running surface. Previous research conducted at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) has established an elastic static Finite Element (FE) model to study the stress distribution of the bolted rail joint with particular emphasis on rail end bolt-hole and upper fillet areas. Based on the stress calculated from the FE models, this paper focuses on the fatigue performance of upper fillet under different impact wheel load factors and crosstie support configurations. Preliminary results show that the estimated fatigue life of rail end upper fillet decreases as impact factor increases, and that a supported joint performs better than a suspended joint on upper fillet fatigue life.

scholarly journals Development of Broadband Low Actuation Voltage RF MEM Switches

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Shen ◽  
D. Becher ◽  
Z. Fan ◽  
D. Caruth ◽  
Milton Feng
Keyword(s):  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Rf Mems ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Actuation Voltage ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Mems Switch ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Millimeter Wave Circuits

Low insertion loss, high isolation RF MEM switches have been thought of as one of the most attractive devices for space-based reconfigurable antenna and integrated circuit applications. Many RF MEMS switch topologies have been reported and they all show superior RF characteristics compared to semiconductor-based counterparts. At the University of Illinois, we developed state-of-the-art broadband low-voltage RF MEM switches using cantilever and hinged topologies. We demonstrated promisingsub-10volts operation for both switch topologies.The switches have an insertion loss of less than 0:1 dB, and an isolation of better than 25 dB over the frequency range from 0.25 to 40 GHz. The RF Model of the MEM switch was also established. The low voltage RF MEM switches will provide a solution for low voltage and highly linear switching methods for the next generation of broadband RF, microwave, and millimeter-wave circuits.

Development and Validation of a Music Education Competency Test

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herschel V. Beazley
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Transfer Students ◽  
Teacher Rating ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Course Grades ◽  
The University ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of the study was to develop and validate a competency test in music education. The resulting Music Education Competency Test (MECT), pilot form, provided information on a student' s proficiency in selected singing, conducting, key board, and rehearsal skills. Three validity studies were conducted in order to obtain evidence on the relationship of MECT scores to (1) the student' s course grades, academic status, and teacher rating; (2) students entering as freshmen as opposed to those entering as transfer students; and (3) students with piano as the principal instrument as opposed to voice or orchestral instruments. One hundred and twenty-five undergraduates at the University of Illinois took one of the test forms. Results indicated that: (1) seniors score better than freshmen on the singing and conducting subtests; (2) instrumentalists score better than vocalists on the conducting subtest; and (3) students' scores on the conducting and diagnostic rehearsal skills subtests correlate significantly with instructors' ratings in corresponding areas.

scholarly journals Fatigue Behavior of Rail Connections on Semi –High Speed and High Speed Rail Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 722-737
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Continuous Welded Rail ◽  
Normal Speed ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Made In ◽  
Ansys Workbench

Rail joint is the most vulnerable and weakest part in the rail structure. Bolted rail joints and welded rail joints are the most predominantly used rail joints. In recent times, continuous welded rail joints are widely used. The literature study exhibits that the performance of welded rail joints are comparatively better than the bolted rail joints. This project mainly deals with the fatigue behavior of welded rail joints subjected to normal speed, semi-high speed and high speed rail networks with respect to rail joint location on the sleeper. The rail joint kept on two conditions, mainly rail joint on top of the sleeper and rail joint in between the sleepers. The model was created and the respective finite element analyses were made in ANSYS Workbench software. The rail joint was analyzed for the movement of wheel load on the rail for all speed conditions mentioned. The butt joint was given at the region of rail joint and the fatigue life results were obtained in the analyses made in ANSYS Workbench. The analyses methods covers the rail and wheel model creation, application of corresponding loads and supports and the simulation results were obtained. The simulation results portrays that when the continuous welded rail joint is located on the sleeper, the fatigue life of the rail joint in both the normal speed and semi-high speed conditions is higher when compared to the fatigue life of rail joint in high speed condition. And also when the welded rail joints are located in between two sleepers the rail joint in high speed rail networks provide increased fatigue life when compared with the rail joints located in normal and semi high speed conditions. This research provides a beneficiary effect and serves as a base for increasing the fatigue life of the rail networks.

Advances in imaging SIMS studies of stained and BrdU-labelled human metaphase chromosomes

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 932-933
Author(s):  
R. Levi-Setti ◽  
J. M. Chabala ◽  
R. Espinosa ◽  
M. M. Le Beau
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Sector Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
The University ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Better Than

We have shown previously that isotope-labelled nucleotides in human metaphase chromosomes can be detected and mapped by imaging secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), using the University of Chicago high resolution scanning ion microprobe (UC SIM). These early studies, conducted with BrdU- and 14C-thymidine-labelled chromosomes via detection of the Br and 28CN- (14C14N-> labelcarrying signals, provided some evidence for the condensation of the label into banding patterns along the chromatids (SIMS bands) reminiscent of the well known Q- and G-bands obtained by conventional staining methods for optical microscopy. The potential of this technique has been greatly enhanced by the recent upgrade of the UC SIM, now coupled to a high performance magnetic sector mass spectrometer in lieu of the previous RF quadrupole mass filter. The high transmission of the new spectrometer improves the SIMS analytical sensitivity of the microprobe better than a hundredfold, overcoming most of the previous imaging limitations resulting from low count statistics.

Five Decades of Research Experience in Speech Anatomy and Physiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
David P. Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
University Of Iowa ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Speech Science ◽  
The University ◽  
East Carolina University

This report highlights some of the major developments in the area of speech anatomy and physiology drawing from the author's own research experience during his years at the University of Iowa and the University of Illinois. He has benefited greatly from mentors including Professors James Curtis, Kenneth Moll, and Hughlett Morris at the University of Iowa and Professor Paul Lauterbur at the University of Illinois. Many colleagues have contributed to the author's work, especially Professors Jerald Moon at the University of Iowa, Bradley Sutton at the University of Illinois, Jamie Perry at East Carolina University, and Youkyung Bae at the Ohio State University. The strength of these researchers and their students bodes well for future advances in knowledge in this important area of speech science.

University Geographies and Folk Music Landscapes

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Distant Object ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Liberal Politics ◽  
Cultural Form ◽  
The University

By examining folk music activities connecting students and local musicians during the early 1960s at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, this article demonstrates how university geographies and musical landscapes influence musical activities in college towns. The geography of the University of Illinois, a rural Midwestern location with a mostly urban, middle-class student population, created an unusual combination of privileged students in a primarily working-class area. This combination of geography and landscape framed interactions between students and local musicians in Urbana-Champaign, stimulating and complicating the traversal of sociocultural differences through traditional music. Members of the University of Illinois Campus Folksong Club considered traditional music as a high cultural form distinct from mass-culture artists, aligning their interests with then-dominant scholarly approaches in folklore and film studies departments. Yet students also interrogated the impropriety of folksong presentation on campus, and community folksingers projected their own discomfort with students’ liberal politics. In hosting concerts by rural musicians such as Frank Proffitt and producing a record of local Urbana-Champaign folksingers called Green Fields of Illinois (1963), the folksong club attempted to suture these differences by highlighting the aesthetic, domestic, historical, and educational aspects of local folk music, while avoiding contemporary socioeconomic, commercial, and political concerns. This depoliticized conception of folk music bridged students and local folksingers, but also represented local music via a nineteenth-century rural landscape that converted contemporaneous lived practice into a temporally distant object of aesthetic study. Students’ study of folk music thus reinforced the power structures of university culture—but engaging local folksinging as an educational subject remained for them the most ethical solution for questioning, and potentially traversing, larger problems of inequality and difference.

The Early Years of the Jewish Presence at the University of Illinois

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-245
Author(s):  
Winton U. Solberg
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Characteristic Form ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
American Higher Education ◽  
Jewish Students ◽  
The University ◽  
The Church

For over two centuries, the College was the characteristic form of higher education in the United States, and the College was closely allied to the church in a predominantly Protestant land. The university became the characteristic form of American higher education starting in the late nineteenth Century, and universities long continued to reflect the nation's Protestant culture. By about 1900, however, Catholics and Jews began to enter universities in increasing numbers. What was the experience of Jewish students in these institutions, and how did authorities respond to their appearance? These questions will be addressed in this article by focusing on the Jewish presence at the University of Illinois in the early twentieth Century. Religion, like a red thread, is interwoven throughout the entire fabric of this story.

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