Manufacturing of Glass Diffractive Optical Elements by Use of Precision Compression Molding Process

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Allen Y. Yi ◽  
Fritz Klocke ◽  
Guido Pongs
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Optical Glass ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Optical Profilometer

Recent advances in compression molding process offer a potential high volume precision net shape fabrication method for micro and diffractive glass optical elements. In this research, glass diffractive optical elements with lateral features in the order of 2 μm and a vertical height of about 500 nm were fabricated using glassy carbon molds and BK-7 optical glass material. Glassy carbon molds used in this research were fabricated with traditional cleanroom lithography and reactive ion etching process. Compression mold process was performed to duplicate the diffractive structures onto optical glass surface. Molded glass diffractive elements were studied using an atomic force microscope and a Veeco optical profilometer to evaluate the accuracy of replication and the capacity of the molding process. Different molding process parameters were tested to improve the molding process. The experimental results showed that the compression molding process is an effective alternative fabricating method for high volume, net shape and low cost glass diffractive optical elements.

Multilevel micro-structuring of glassy carbon for precision glass molding of diffractive optical elements

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Prater ◽  
Julia Dukwen ◽  
Toralf Scharf ◽  
Hans Peter Herzig ◽  
Sven Plöger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Glass Molding ◽  
Precision Glass Molding ◽  
Micro Structuring

scholarly journals Roller nanoimprint lithography for low-cost nanoscale random lattice diffractive optical elements

AIP Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 035221
Author(s):  
Man Zhang ◽  
Liang-ping Xia ◽  
Sui-hu Dang ◽  
A-xiu Cao ◽  
Li-fang Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Random Lattice

scholarly journals Micro-structuring of glassy carbon for precision glass molding of binary diffractive optical elements

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Prater ◽  
Julia Dukwen ◽  
Toralf Scharf ◽  
Hans Peter Herzig ◽  
Sven Plöger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Glass Molding ◽  
Precision Glass Molding ◽  
Micro Structuring

PROTOTYPING OF DIFFRACTIVE GRATING OPTICS FOR SENSOR APPLICATION BY AN INTEGRATED PROBE-BASED SYSTEM

2009 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
LO-MING FOK ◽  
YUN-HUI LIU ◽  
WEN J. LI
Keyword(s):  
Optical Design ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Laser Beam Shaping ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Manipulation System ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Lens Surface ◽  
Lithography Technique

Diffractive Optical Elements (DOE) are often associated with the use of laser beam shaping equipment. They can be controlled and verified flexibly according to application. This paper demonstrates experimentally the lithography technique used to fabricate a DOE with precisely aligned pattern on a polymer surface. We have designed and fabricated a grating on the lens surface using the direct lithography by an Atomic Force Microscope. A description of the optical design is presented along with a discussion on the integrated manipulation system. The fabrication process has been proven to be cost efficient and reliable. It is believed that this technique can also transfer onto a complicated DOE.

Numerical Simulation Assisted Curve Compensation in Compression Molding of High Precision Aspherical Glass Lenses

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Fritz Klocke ◽  
Guido Pongs ◽  
Allen Y. Yi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Curve Change ◽  
Aspherical Lenses ◽  
Glass Lenses

Compression molding is an effective high volume and net-shape fabrication method for aspherical lenses and precision glass optical components in general. Geometrical deviation (or curve change as often referred to in industry) incurred during heating, molding, and cooling processes is a critically important manufacturing quality parameter. In the compression glass molding process, there are many factors that could lead to curve change in final products, such as thermal expansion, stress and structural relaxation, and inhomogeneous temperature distribution inside the molding machine. In this research, an integrated numerical simulation scheme was developed to predict curve change in molded glass aspherical lenses. The geometrical deviation in the final lens shape was analyzed using both an experimental approach and a numerical simulation with a finite element method program. Specifically, numerical simulation was compared with experimental results to validate the proposed manufacturing approach. The measurements showed that the difference between numerical simulation and experimental results was less than 2 μm. Based on the comparison, the mold curve was revised using numerical simulation in order to produce more accurate lens shapes. The glass lenses molded using the compensated molds showed a much better agreement with the design value than the lenses molded without compensation. It has been demonstrated in this research that numerical simulation can be used to predict the final geometrical shape of compression molded precision glass components. This research provided an opportunity for optical manufacturers to achieve a lower production cost and a shorter cycle time.

High quality diffractive optical elements (DOEs) using SMILE imprint technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Drieschner ◽  
Fabian Kloiber ◽  
Marc Hennemeyer ◽  
Jan J. Klein ◽  
Manuel W. Thesen
Keyword(s):  
Soft Lithography ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Large Area ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Aspect Ratios

Abstract Augmented reality (AR) enhancing the existing natural environment by overlaying a virtual world is an emerging and growing market and attracts huge commercial interest into optical devices which can be implemented into head-mounted AR equipment. Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) are considered as the most promising candidate to meet the market’s requirements such as compactness, low-cost, and reliability. Hence, they allow building alternatives to large display headsets for virtual reality (VR) by lightweight glasses. Soft lithography replication offers a pathway to the fabrication of large area DOEs with high aspect ratios, multilevel features, and critical dimensions below the diffractive optical limit down to 50 nm also in the scope of mass manufacturing. In combination with tailored UV-curable photopolymers, the fabrication time can be drastically reduced making it very appealing to industrial applications. Here, we illustrate the key features of high efficiency DOEs and how the SMILE (SUSS MicroTec Imprint Lithography Equipment) technique can be used with advanced imprint photopolymers to obtain high quality binary DOEs meeting the market’s requirements providing a very versatile tool to imprint both nano- and microstructures.

Design of Protective Coatings for Glass Lens Molding

2007 ◽  
Vol 364-366 ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kung Jeng Ma ◽  
H.H. Chien ◽  
W.H. Chuan ◽  
Choung Lii Chao ◽  
K.C. Hwang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Optical Glass ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Interface Reaction ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Ceramic Substrates ◽  
Glass Molding ◽  
Operation Temperature ◽  
Glass Lens

The glass molding process is considered to have a great potential for the mass production of aspherical glass lenses with high precision and low cost. However, glass molding has a serious problem of mold sticking with glass which needs to be resolved. This research investigates the interface reaction between glass and mold by high temperature wetting experiment, which provides the reference for the designing anti-stick coatings. The SUMITA K-PSK200 optical glass gobs with low Tg were used in this study. The influence of operation temperature, ambient gas, substrate materials, and thin film composition on wettability of glass at high temperature were studied. The results show that the higher the temperature, the smaller the wetting angle between glass gob and substrate could be observed. This indicates that severe interface chemical reaction occured and resulted in the loss of transparency in glass appearance. The wetting experiment in nitrogen ambient improved the sticking situation. The combination of chemically stable substrates and coatings, such as Sapphire (substrate) / GaN (film) and Glass (substrate) / Al2O3 (film) can achieve the best antistick propose. The precious metal films, such as Pt, Ir, coated on the ceramic substrates can effectively reduce the interface reaction between the glass and substrates.

Laser Power Characterization Method for Fabrication of Centrosymmetric CR-DOEs Mask

2008 ◽  
Vol 53-54 ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Duo Shu Wang ◽  
Chong Tai Luo ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Yu Qing Xiong ◽  
Hong Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Power ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Laser Direct Writing ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Diffractive Efficiency ◽  
Mask Fabrication

With high diffractive efficiency, Continuous Relief Diffractive Optical Elements (CR-DOE) can be used to eliminate chromatic aberration, partial aberration and simplify optical system. The technology for CR-DOE with Laser Direct Writing method has advantages of simple process, short period and low cost. The paper studied on the characterization method of laser power for the technology. The principle of mask fabrication of CR-DOE by Laser Direct Writing is described in the paper. The relations between microstructure depth and laser power, exposing position radius and laser power were studied. The results showed that microstructure depth changes in direct ratio to laser power and laser power should change in direct to exposing position radius while several same depth microstructures were fabricated at different radius. At the end, the paper gave the charactering method and also fabricated the mask of a kind of centrosymmetric continuous relief diffractive focus lens with the method.

scholarly journals Influences on the Fabrication of Diffractive Optical Elements by Injection Compression Molding

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Roeder ◽  
Peter Schilling ◽  
Daniel Hera ◽  
Thomas Guenther ◽  
André Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Compression Molding ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Injection Compression Molding
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