Reel Installation of 15” Clad Steel Pipeline With Direct Electrical Heating and In-Line T

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Endal ◽  
Oddbjo̸rn Nupen ◽  
Masahiro Sakuraba ◽  
Katsuji Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Steel Production ◽  
Electrical Heating ◽  
Steel Pipeline ◽  
Norwegian Sea ◽  
Production Pipeline ◽  
Clad Steel ◽  
Girth Welds

The Norne Satellite project in the Norwegian Sea involved installation of a 9 km long 15” thermally insulated clad steel production pipeline. The pipeline is equipped with Direct Electrical Heating for hydrate control and an in-line T for connection of a mid-line reservoir. The installation was performed in 2005 with the reel ship “CSO Apache” after completion of comprehensive qualification programs. The Norne Satellite project represents a step forward in sub-sea pipeline technology, with the following main firsts: • Reeling of clad steel pipeline. • Direct Electrical Heating of clad steel pipeline. • Direct Electrical Heating of pipeline with in-line T. • AUT of clad steel girth welds. This paper presents experiences from the qualification and installation works.

Experiences From Welding and AUT of the 15” Norne Clad Pipeline Installed With the Reeling Method

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Haabrekke ◽  
Guy Ba¨rs ◽  
Per Egil Kvaale ◽  
Gisle Ro̸rvik
Keyword(s):  
Steel Production ◽  
Electrical Heating ◽  
Power Cable ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Norwegian Sea ◽  
Production Pipeline ◽  
Clad Steel ◽  
First Time ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The Norne Satellite project (Statoil) in the Norwegian Sea involves a 9 km long 15” insulated clad steel production pipeline. The line pipe is longitudinally welded SAWL joints of 12m length, with 21mm backing steel (X60) and 3mm metallurgically bonded 316L CRA internally. To prevent waxing of Hydrocarbons during shut downs, use of chemicals has been used to a large extent in this industry. Norne has another philosophy to avoid waxing as the pipeline was installed with a power cable strapped to the coating in a piggy-back solution. This is the “Direct Electrical Heating” solution Statoil has implemented to their pipelines with great success in other projects. The pipeline was installed with the reel ship “CSO Apache” in 2005. It is the first time that a cladded pipeline has been installed with the reeling method. This paper presents experiences from fabrication of the clad steel pipeline. The production welding was performed with a combination of manual and mechanized welding to maintain the CRA integrity and at the same time have an acceptable production rate. The subsequent NDT method was performed by automatic UT (AUT). AUT on cladded pipelines has never been used before and was introduced after a comprehensive study to find a reliable way of detecting and sizing defects in welds with a combination of Austenitic and Ferritic structures.

Effects of wet H 2 S containing environment on mechanical properties of NACE grade C–Mn steel pipeline girth welds

2014 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 485-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tse-Ven Steven Chong ◽  
Shashi Bhushan Kumar ◽  
Man On Lai ◽  
Wai Lam Loh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Steel Pipeline ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Mn Steel

Evaluation of Welding Practices on Sour Service Performance of Carbon Steel Pipeline Girth Welds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpreet Sidhar ◽  
Neerav Verma ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Kuo ◽  
Michael Belota ◽  
Andrew Wasson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Steel Pipeline ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Sour Service

RELIABILITY OF RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION OF STEEL PIPELINE GIRTH WELDS

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Almeida ◽  
J. M. A. Rebello ◽  
A. A. Carvalho ◽  
J. Smid ◽  
Donald O. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Pipeline ◽  
Radiographic Inspection ◽  
Girth Welds

The Alberta Experience With Composite Pipes in Production Environments

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Grzyb
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Failure Frequency ◽  
Production Pipeline ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
Pipeline Systems ◽  
Resources Conservation

The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) is the quasi-judicial agency that is responsible for regulating the development of Alberta’s energy resources. Its mandate is to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta’s energy resources takes place in a manner that is safe, fair, responsible, and in the public interest. The ERCB’s responsibilities include the regulation of over 400,000 km of high-pressure oil and gas pipelines, the majority of which is production field pipeline. ERCB regulations require pipeline licensees to report all pipeline failures, regardless of consequence, and thus a comprehensive data set exists pertaining to the failure frequency and failure causes of its regulated pipelines. Analysis has shown that corrosion is consistently the predominant cause of failure in steel production pipeline systems. Corrosion-resistant materials, such as fibre-composite pipe, thermoplastic pipe, and plastic-lined pipe have long been explored as alternatives to steel pipe, and have in fact been used in various forms for many years. The ERCB has encouraged the use of such materials where appropriate and has co-operated with licensees to allow the use of various types of new pipeline systems on an experimental basis, subject to technical assessment, service limitations, and periodic performance evaluations. This paper will review the types of composite pipe materials that have been used in Alberta, and present statistical data on the length of composite pipe in place, growth trends, failure causes and failure frequency. As the purpose of using alternative materials is to improve upon the performance history of steel, a comparison will be done to determine if that goal is being achieved.

Evaluation of Welding Practices on Sour Service Performance of Carbon Steel Pipeline Girth Welds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpreet Sidhar ◽  
Neerav Verma ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Kuo ◽  
Michael Belota ◽  
Andrew J. Wasson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Steel Pipeline ◽  
Weld Root ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Sour Service

Abstract In recent past, there have been unforeseen sour service pipeline failures in the oil and gas industry. Sub-optimal microstructure resulting in high hardness (above 250 HV10) in pipeline steel is one of the root causes of such failures. Poor girth weld quality is another leading cause which adversely affects pipeline integrity and safe operations in sour environments. While advancements in welding technologies have led to consistency in production girth welds, effects of welding parameters on performance of carbon steel pipeline girth welds for sour service are not well understood. So, a systematic study is needed to understand the effects of various welding parameters on weld properties and performance. This paper aims at evaluating the effects of various welding parameters on performance of girth welds to provide welding practice guidelines for sour service pipeline applications. In this effort, several welds on X65 grade line pipe girth welds using commercially available welding consumables were made to study the effects of preheat, hot pass tempering, copper backing, root pass heat input, wire consumable chemistry, single vs. dual torch, metal transfer mode, pipe fit-up (root gap, misalignment), on weld root performance. Detailed microhardness mapping and microstructural characterization were conducted. It was evident that the welding parameters studied have a significant impact on root performance. While preheat and pipe fit-up showed most significant impact on weld root performance, other parameters also affected the root performance by varying degree. Based on these results, recommendations for industry are provided to improve reliability of pipeline girth welds in sour service application.

Drying and heating of scrap metal at steelmaking: industrial safety, economics, ecology

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1353-1258
Author(s):  
V. A. Spirin ◽  
V. E. Nikol’skii ◽  
D. V. Vokhmintsev ◽  
A. A. Moiseev ◽  
P. G. Smirnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Scrap Metal ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Metal Charge ◽  
Basic Task ◽  
Scrap Heating ◽  
Winter Time

At steel production based on scrap metal utilization, the scrap heating before charging into a melting facility is an important way of energy efficiency increase and ecological parameters improving. In winter time scrap metal charging with ice inclusions into a metal melt can result in a considerable damage of equipment and even accidents. Therefore, scrap preliminary drying is necessary to provide industrial safety. It was shown, that in countries with warm and low-snow climate with no risk of scrap metal icing up during its transportation and storing in the open air, the basic task being solved at the scrap drying is an increase of energy efficiency of steelmaking. InRussiathe scrap metal drying first of all provides the safety of the process and next - energy saving. Existing technologies of scrap metal drying and heating considered, as well as advantages and drawbacks of technical solutions used at Russian steel plants. In winter time during scrap metal heating at conveyers (Consteel process) hot gases penetrate not effectively into its mass, the heat is not enough for evaporation of wetness in the metal charge. At scrap heating by the furnace gases, a problem of dioxines emissions elimination arises. Application of shaft heaters results in high efficiency of scrap heating. However, under conditions of Russian winter the upper scrap layers are not always heated higher 0 °С and after getting into a furnace bath the upper scrap layers cause periodical vapor explosions. The shaft heaters create optimal conditions for dioxines formation, which emit into atmosphere. It was shown, that accounting Russian economic and nature conditions, the metal charge drying and heating in modified charging buckets by the heat of burnt natural gas or other additional fuel is optimal. The proposed technical solution enables to burnt off organic impurities ecologically safely, to melt down ice, to evaporate the wetness in the scrap as well as to heat the charge as enough as the charging logistics enables it. The method was implemented at several Russian steel plants. Technical and economical indices of scrap metal drying in buckets under conditions of EAF-based shop, containing two furnaces ДСП-100, presented.

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