Process Control and Design Issues in a Concentrated Solar Power Trough Plant With Thermal Storage

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Bullington
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Power Block ◽  
On Line ◽  
Solar Field

The power block for a conventional Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Plant without thermal storage follows standard power block design practices. A closed loop heat transfer fluid (HTF) is heated in the solar field, which consists of multiple solar collector assemblies (SCAs). Heat exchangers use the heat from the HTF to generate and superheat steam. The steam is sent to a steam turbine, which generates electricity. The cooled HTF is recirculated back to the solar field. In an effort to shift the period of power generation or to maintain full power output during non-peak periods of operation, a thermal energy storage (TES) system can be added. This entails adding a second closed loop fluid that is heated by the HTF during sufficient radiation hours, which in turn can heat the HTF that is supplied to the power block during periods of non-peak radiation. This article discusses the process control and design issues for the integrated solar field, TES system and power block for these plants. The article will address the following: 1) Operations with the Solar field on-line, TES system off-line, and STG on-line. 2) Operations with the Solar field on-line, TES system charging, and STG on-line. 3) Operations with the Solar field on-line, the TES system discharging, and STG on-line. 4) Operations with the solar field off-line, the TES system discharging, and the STG on-line. 5) Operations with the Solar field on-line, the TES system charging, and STG off-line. 6) Steam Turbine Issues. 7) Freeze protection. 8) HTF/TES Heat Exchanger. 9) Circulating Water and Surface Condenser.

Volume Sizing for Thermal Storage With Phase Change Material for Concentrated Solar Power Plant

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Xu ◽  
Peiwen Li ◽  
Cholik Chan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Change Material

With a large capacity thermal storage system using phase change material (PCM), Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) is a promising technology for high efficiency of solar energy utilization. In a thermal storage system, a dual-media thermal storage tank is typically adopted in industry for the purpose of reducing the use of the heat transfer fluid (HTF). While the dual-media sensible heat storage system has been well studied, a dual-media latent heat storage system (LHSS) still needs more attention and study; particularly, the sizing of volumes of storage tanks considering actual operation conditions is of significance. In this paper, a strategy for LHSS volume sizing is proposed, which is based on computations using an enthalpy-based 1D model. One example of 60MW solar thermal power plant with 35% thermal efficiency is presented. In the study, potassium hydroxide (KOH) is adopted as PCM and Therminol VP-1 is used as HTF. The operational temperatures of the storage system are 390°C and 310°C, respectively for the high and low temperatures. The system is assumed to operate for 100 days with 6 hours charge and 6 hours discharge every day. From the study, the needed height of the thermal storage tank is calculated from using the strategy of tank sizing. The method for tank volume sizing is of significance to engineering application.

scholarly journals Evolution of catalyst coated atomised magnesium spheres – An alternative thermal storage medium for concentrated solar power applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (47) ◽  
pp. 28453-28463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyen C. Mistry ◽  
David M. Grant ◽  
Alastair D. Stuart ◽  
Kandavel Manickam ◽  
Gavin S. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Solar Power ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Storage Medium ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power

The Impact of Hybrid Wet/Dry Cooling on Concentrating Solar Power Plant Performance

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Wagner ◽  
Charles Kutscher
Keyword(s):  
Solar Power ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Heat Rejection ◽  
Power Block ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dry Cooling

This paper examines the sensitivity of Rankine cycle plant performance to dry cooling and hybrid (parallel) wet/dry cooling combinations with the traditional wet-cooled model as a baseline. Plants with a lower temperature thermal resource are more sensitive to fluctuations in cooling conditions, and so the lower temperature parabolic trough plant is analyzed to assess the maximum impact of alternative cooling configurations. While low water-use heat rejection designs are applicable to any technology that utilizes a Rankine steam cycle for power generation, they are of special interest to concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies that are located in arid regions with limited water availability. System performance is evaluated using hourly simulations over the course of a year at Daggett, CA. The scope of the analysis in this paper is limited to the power block and the heat rejection system, excluding the solar field and thermal storage. As such, water used in mirror washing, maintenance, etc., is not included. Thermal energy produced by the solar field is modeled using NREL’s Solar Advisor Model (SAM).

scholarly journals Day-Ahead Robust Economic Dispatch Considering Renewable Energy and Concentrated Solar Power Plants

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bai ◽  
Ding ◽  
Wang ◽  
Chen
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Economic Dispatch ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Test System ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Solar Field

A concentrated solar power (CSP) plant with energy storage systems has excellent scheduling flexibility and superiority to traditional thermal power generation systems. In this paper, the operation mechanism and operational constraints of the CSP plant are specified. Furthermore, the uncertainty of the solar energy received by the solar field is considered and a robust economic dispatch model with CSP plants and renewable energy resources is proposed, where uncertainty is adjusted by the automatic generation control (AGC) regulation in the day-ahead ancillary market, so that the system security is guaranteed under any realization of the uncertainty. Finally, the proposed robust economic dispatch has been studied on an improved IEEE 30-bus test system, and the results verify the proposed model.

Review on Performance Analysis of the Power Block in Concentrated Solar Power Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2000621
Author(s):  
Hui Yan ◽  
Anming Wang ◽  
Daotong Chong ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Jiping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Power Block ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power Plants

scholarly journals A Direct Steam Generation Solar Power Plant With Integrated Thermal Storage

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Birnbaum ◽  
Markus Eck ◽  
Markus Fichtner ◽  
Tobias Hirsch ◽  
Dorothea Lehmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Power Block ◽  
Direct Steam ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
Operating Points

For the future market potential of parabolic trough power plants with direct steam generation (DSG), it is beneficial to integrate a thermal storage system. Heat storage media based on phase change materials offer heat transfer at constant temperatures needed for the evaporation process. Different options for a plant layout are presented and discussed. The interactions between the three subsystems—solar field, power block, and thermal storage—are analyzed, and boundary conditions arising from the thermal storage system are identified. Compared with a system without storage the number of operating points increases significantly since different combinations of storage charge and discharge operations go along with a varying power output of the solar field. It is shown that the large number of theoretical operating points can be reduced to a subset with practical relevance. Depending on the live steam parameters a reheat is necessary within the power block. Compared with parabolic trough fields with a single phase heat transfer medium such as oil, a special heat exchanger configuration is needed for a DSG plant. Different alternatives based on available technologies are presented and evaluated.

scholarly journals Concentrating solar power tower technology: present status and outlook

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Boretti ◽  
Stefania Castelletto ◽  
Sarim Al-Zubaidy
Keyword(s):  
Solar Power ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Power Block ◽  
Solar Plant ◽  
Thermal Desalination ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Solar Power Tower ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
Installed Capacity

Abstract The paper examines design and operating data of current concentrated solar power (CSP) solar tower (ST) plants. The study includes CSP with or without boost by combustion of natural gas (NG), and with or without thermal energy storage (TES). Latest, actual specific costs per installed capacity are high, 6,085 $/kW for Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System (ISEGS) with no TES, and 9,227 $/kW for Crescent Dunes with TES. Actual production of electricity is low and less than the expected. Actual capacity factors are 22% for ISEGS, despite combustion of a significant amount of NG exceeding the planned values, and 13% for Crescent Dunes. The design values were 33% and 52%. The study then reviews the proposed technology updates to improve ratio of solar field power to electric power, capacity factor, matching of production and demand, plant’s cost, reliability and life span of plant’s components. Key areas of progress are found in materials and manufacturing processes, design of solar field and receiver, receiver and power block fluids, power cycle parameters, optimal management of daily and seasonal operation of the plant, new TES concepts, integration of solar plant with thermal desalination or combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) installations and specialization of project.

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