Materials in Support of a Newly Emerging Hydrogen Infrastructure

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis E. Hayden ◽  
John C. Tverberg
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Alloys ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Brittle Transition ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Hydrogen Induced Cracking ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Brittle Transition Temperature ◽  
Ductile To Brittle Transition ◽  
And Storage

There is an ever-increasing need to explore the use of hydrogen as a renewable energy source. Attendant to this expansion is the need to evaluate the currently used materials for the transport and storage of hydrogen to meet these needs. Historically, most pipelines were constructed using various carbon steels. Carbon steels are susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement, high ductile to brittle transition temperature, and hydrogen induced cracking. Other materials evaluated include austenitic stainless steel, aluminum, nickel alloys and fiber reinforced composite materials.

scholarly journals A Study of Fracture Mechanisms in RAFM Steel in the Ductile to Brittle Transition Temperature Regime

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 258-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Moitra ◽  
Arup Dasgupta ◽  
S. Sathyanarayanan ◽  
G. Sasikala ◽  
S.K. Albert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Brittle Transition ◽  
Brittle Transition Temperature ◽  
Ductile To Brittle Transition ◽  
Rafm Steel

scholarly journals Fractographic Analysis Of Selected Boron Steels Subjected To Impact Testing

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 2373-2378 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Dudziński ◽  
Ł. Konat ◽  
B. Białobrzeska
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Transition Curve ◽  
Brittle Transition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brittle Transition Temperature ◽  
Ductile To Brittle Transition ◽  
Character Of Fracture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Boron Steels

Abstract In this paper dynamic properties of low-alloy boron steels – Hardox 500, B27 and HTK 900H in delivered state (after hardening and tempering) are considered. Charpy V-notch (CVN) test results in connection with fractography in the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature region were analyzed. Obtained from CVN test the impact transition curve, not always predicts properly a behavior of materials in conditions of dynamic loading. So an analyze of character of fracture helps to evaluate the real behavior of materials. Tested samples were cut out longitudinally in relation to cold work direction. The results of CVN test for selected steels, in temperatures: −40°C, −20°C, 0°C and +20°C are presented. Regarding ductile-to-brittle transition temperature, there is a significant difference taking into account values of Charpy V energy absorbed and a character of fracture.

Composites Based on Molybdenum Disilicide: Progress and Prospects

1994 ◽  
Vol 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Hardwick
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Molybdenum Disilicide ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Brittle Transition ◽  
Aerospace Systems ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Brittle Transition Temperature ◽  
Ductile To Brittle Transition

AbstractAs the temperature demands increase in advanced aerospace systems, engineering materials that can withstand 1200° to 1600°C exposure in air must be developed. MoSi2 is an intermetallic compound that has many, though not all, of the necessary physical and mechanical properties for use in this temperature regime. At ambient and moderate temperatures MoSi2 is brittle, but once the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) is exceeded, it rapidly loses strength. Recent progress in, and current status of, the research efforts in MoSi2 matrix composites will be reviewed, with an emphasis on the critical issues that currently impede progress to application.

Variables Affecting Fracture Toughness of Welds in T-K-Y Connections

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Panday ◽  
Shenjia Zhang ◽  
Jon Ogborn ◽  
Badri K. Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Post Weld Heat Treatment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Brittle Transition ◽  
Brittle Transition Temperature ◽  
Ductile To Brittle Transition

Fracture toughness of tubular welded joints is one of the critical factors affecting the structural integrity and reliability of offshore structures, such as platforms and subsea pipelines. The factors affecting the design fracture toughness of these structures are related to, both, the welding process as well as the chemical composition of the weld metal. The welding process in this application typically comprises of depositing weld metal in the tubular joints of varying thicknesses through series of weld passes. The number of weld passes required for welding these joints subjects the weld metal to repetitive cycles of heating and cooling. The effect of the thermal cycling introduces significant heterogeneity in the microstructure. This is further exacerbated by the presence of micro-alloying elements such as Niobium (Nb) and Vanadium (V) that form complex carbides, nitrides and carbo-nitrides during post weld heat treatment (PWHT). The focus of this work is to evaluate the effect of micro-alloying elements on the ductile to brittle transition temperature and the mode of fracture at temperatures relevant to offshore applications. A threshold Nb and V level has been determined for achieving acceptable weld metal toughness. The improvement in the fracture toughness using this approach has been quantified by Charpy V-Notch (CVN) and Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) measurements. The Ductile to Brittle Transition Temperature (DBTT) has been shown to be shifted to lower temperatures by 25 °C after post weld heat treatment in the welds where the total amount of Nb and V are controlled to less than 40 ppm. A wet precipitate extraction technique was used to extract precipitates from the welds to establish the presence of fine Nb rich precipitates in the welds with the higher DBTT. The weld deposited with controlled levels of Nb and V was further tested in different joint configurations and base plate thickness. The fracture toughness was evaluated by CTOD testing of the weld in two different thicknesses (50 mm and 70 mm). Increased specimen thickness resulted in lower CTOD values.

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