Pressure Vessel Management: A Plant Perspective

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter S. Almon
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Original Edition ◽  
Gas Plants

This paper addresses a methodology to maintain pressure vessels per ASME Section VIII, Division 1 Code and jurisdictional requirements, for new and existing pressure vessels. The pressure vessels discussed are drums, towers, shell & tube heat exchangers, and air-cooled exchangers, all designed and built per ASME Section VIII, Division 1. The methodology applies to vessels in refineries, gas plants, oilfield facilities, and chemical plants. Vessel adequacy is maintained via Codes, non-destructive testing, materials, inspection, company standards, welding procedures, inspection/maintenance standards, and jurisdictional requirements. Unique maintenance software, “PVCalc”, can aid in vessel calculations, to calculate the pressure rating, and remaining life, per the original edition of the Code under which the vessel was built. New vessel designs should be thoroughly reviewed, as the author’s experience over the last eight years is that approximately 65 to 80 percent of all vessel designs contain design errors (mostly minor) per ASME Code.

Non Destructive Testing of Unfired Pressure Vessels

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Baylac ◽  
Ian Roberrts ◽  
Erik Zeelenberg
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Acceptance Criteria ◽  
Equipment Industry ◽  
Non Destructive

This paper discusses the non destructive testing (NDT) of unfired pressure vessels made of ductile and tough steels, as contained in Part 5 of the European standard EN 13445:2002. The concept and use of testing groups along with “satisfactory experience” in welding are presented. Also the background and rationale for the determination of standards used for NDT methods, characterisation and acceptance criteria are discussed in detail. Benefits for the pressure equipment industry are emphasised.

Evaluation of ASME Pressure Vessel Code Prohibitions on Rod and Bar Stock and Potential Remedies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Aumuller ◽  
Vincent A. Carucci
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
User Experiences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Billet Material ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Division 2

The ASME Codes and referenced standards provide industry and the public the necessary rules and guidance for the design, fabrication, inspection and pressure testing of pressure equipment. Codes and standards evolve as the underlying technologies, analytical capabilities, materials and joining methods or experiences of designers improve; sometimes competitive pressures may be a consideration. As an illustration, the design margin for unfired pressure vessels has decreased from 5:1 in the earliest ASME Code edition of the early 20th century to the present day margin of 3.5:1 in Section VIII Division 1. Design by analysis methods allow designers to use a 2.4:1 margin for Section VIII Division 2 pressure vessels. Code prohibitions are meant to prevent unsafe use of materials, design methods or fabrication details. Codes also allow the use of designs that have proven themselves in service in so much as they are consistent with mandatory requirements and prohibitions of the Codes. The Codes advise users that not all aspects of construction activities are addressed and these should not be considered prohibited. Where prohibitions are specified, it may not be readily apparent why these prohibitions are specified. The use of “forged bar stock” is an example where use in pressure vessels and for certain components is prohibited by Codes and standards. This paper examines the possible motive for applying this prohibition and whether there is continued technical merit in this prohibition, as presently defined. A potential reason for relaxing this prohibition is that current manufacturing quality and inspection methods may render a general prohibition overly conservative. A recommendation is made to better define the prohibition using a more measurable approach so that higher quality forged billets may be used for a wider range and size of pressure components. Jurisdictions with a regulatory authority may find that the authority is rigorous and literal in applying Code provisions and prohibitions can be particularly difficult to accept when the underlying engineering principles are opaque. This puts designers and users in these jurisdictions at a technical and economic disadvantage. This paper reviews the possible engineering considerations motivating these Code and standard prohibitions and proposes modifications to allow wider Code use of “high quality” forged billet material to reflect some user experiences.

scholarly journals RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AS NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHOD IN PROCESS PIPING

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Nondestructive Examination ◽  
Current Test ◽  
Radiographic Testing ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Non Destructive

Industry must have good quality for their services or products. One of the things that their have done is how to get the customer’s belief in their brand. Quality in every part has become the main case. Most of the companies in industry use metals as material to support their services. When the goods have been processed, it must continue with the testing. This is to prove that the goods have gone through the formation process fill in standard quality which required by the customer. There are two types of testing known as destructive testing and non-destructive testing. There are some of ways of non destructive testing methods on metals inspection has been applied in testing the quality of goods. Such as visual test, magnetic particle test, liquid penetrant, eddy current test, ultrasonic test, radiographic test in metals testing. Nondestructive testing (NDT) is the process of inspecting, testing, or evaluating materials, components or assemblies for discontinuities, or differences in characteristics without destroying the serviceability of the part or system. Radiographic Testing (RT) is a nondestructive examination technique that involves the use of either x-rays or gamma rays to view the internal structure of a component. In the petrochemical industry, Radiographic Testing is often used to inspect machinery, such as pressure vessels and valves, to detect for flaws. RT is also used to inspect weld repairs. Compared to other NDT techniques, radiography has several advantages. It is highly reproducible, can be used on a variety of materials, and the data gathered can be stored for later analysis.

Creep Amendments in the European Standard EN 13445

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Baylac ◽  
Norbert Kiesewetter ◽  
Josef Zeman ◽  
Alain Handtschoewercker ◽  
Rod McFarlane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creep Strain ◽  
Damage Accumulation ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Creep Rupture ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Direct Route ◽  
Non Destructive

This paper describes the Creep Amendments which will be implemented in EN 13445, the European Standard for Unfired Pressure Vessels, in 2007. It will address four topics: 1) Specifications for Materials and Weldments. 2) Specifications for Design By Formula and Damage Accumulation rules. 3) Specifications for Design By Analysis — Direct Route (Creep Rupture, Excessive Creep Strain, Creep and cyclic Fatigue Interaction). 4) Specifications for Inspection and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT).

Non-Destructive Testing and Inspection of Unfired Pressure Vessels Subject to Cyclic Loads in EN 13445-5

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Baylac ◽  
Ian Roberts ◽  
Stephen Maddox ◽  
Erik Zeelenberg
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Cyclic Loads ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Non Destructive

This paper deals with non destructive testing (NDT) and inspection of cyclically-loaded unfired pressure vessels designed to EN 13445. It details specific provisions contained in Annex G of EN 13445-5 for shape imperfections and areas identified in the fatigue analysis that can limit the lifetime of the vessel (referred to as fatigue critical areas).

Code Case 2286 Applied to the Design of Pressure Vessels

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanhaiya L. Bardia ◽  
Kim Nguyen ◽  
Manfred Lengsfeld ◽  
Donald G. LaBounty ◽  
Bernie Au
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Shell Design ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Sample Vessel

Code Case 2286-1 [1] of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code [2][3] provides alternate rules for determining the allowable external pressure and compressive stresses for cylinders, cones, spheres, and formed heads in lieu of the rules of Section VIII, Divisions 1 and 2. The authors in this paper present a comparison of the longitudinal and circumferential compressive stresses in pressure vessels based on the methods outlined in Paragraph UG-28 of Division 1, Section VIII of the ASME Code and Code Case 2286-1. The Do/t ratio in this paper is limited to 600 which covers the majority of pressure vessel designs found in the petrochemical industry. A sample vessel shell design is presented applying both the ASME Code, Section VIII, Div. 1 method and that of Code Case 2286-1.

Use of Laser Measurement Systems for Out-of-Roundness Check of ASME BVP Section VIII Div.1 Pressure Vessels

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Millet ◽  
Patrizio Di Lillo ◽  
Richard Whipple ◽  
Kenneth Kirkpatrick ◽  
George Miller
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Laser Measurement ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Section Viii

Since the 1956 Edition of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII (ASME B&PV Code) [1], the Out-of-Roundness of circular sections of pressure vessels subject to external pressure have been inspected using a segmental template per paragraph UG-80(b)(2). Newly approved ASME Code Case 2789 “Laser Measurement for Out-of-Roundness Section VIII, Division 1” to the ASME B&PV Code expands the out of roundness checking to allow the use of laser measurement systems. Today with large vessels approaching 60 feet (18.2 m) in diameter, laser measuring systems allow an expeditious and cost effective method of inspection for out-of-roundness. The Code Case allows the fabricator to use measurements obtained from laser measuring to either verify the vessel in the arc segments or the entire vessel circumference is held to a circularity tolerance. The second option is similar to the requirements of European Standard EN 13445 (EN 13445) [2] which uses circularity. This paper will explore the origin and objective of the template and presents how laser measuring systems make use of the latest technology available to check for out-of-roundness. The paper will address laser measuring systems, procedures for taking measurements, and processing of the data into a format that can be verified by Authorized Inspectors.

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