Three Dimensional Reconstruction of the Components of the Carotid Plaque From Standard CT Medical Images

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipankar Biswas ◽  
Francis Loth ◽  
Susan McCormick ◽  
Hisham Bassiouny
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Symptomatic Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Manual Selection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Carotid

The present study compares plaque and calcium volumes between sixteen diseased human carotid arteries. Half were from symptomatic patients, and half were from asymptomatic patients. In-house software was developed for the 3-D reconstruction of the plaque components from computerized tomography (CT) images. Results revealed higher mean total volume (TV) in the symptomatic group compared to the asymptomatic group. In contrast, the mean ratio of calcium volume (CV) to TV was lower for the symptomatic group compared to the asymptomatic group. This shows that symptomatic patients have a significantly greater plaque burden with minimal plaque calcification. The process of acquiring the data helped understand what tools/features are needed to conduct this work. One important feature of this software is the ability to create automated regions of interest (ROI) in addition to simple manual selection/modification of the ROIs in a GUI environment.

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Of Intravascularly Stented Human Carotid Arteries

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.B. Rankins ◽  
S.D. Ainsworth ◽  
T.M. Sullivan ◽  
J.M. Ochterbeck ◽  
M. LaBerge
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Human Carotid

scholarly journals Clinical features of imported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Tibetan patients in the Plateau area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Lei ◽  
Xiaobo Huang ◽  
Bamu SiLang ◽  
YunPing Lan ◽  
Jianli Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Plateau Area ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
High Altitude Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has rapidly spread throughout China, but the clinical characteristics of Tibetan patients living in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau are unknown. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of these patients. We included 67 Tibetan patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of clinical symptoms at admission, with 31 and 36 patients in the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups, respectively. The epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics were extracted and analysed. No patient had a history of exposure to COVID-19 patients from Wuhan or had travelled to Wuhan. The mean age of Tibetan patients was 39.3 years and 59% of the patients were male. Seven patients presented with fever on admission and lymphocytopenia was present in 20 patients. 47 patients had abnormal chest CTs at admission instead of stating that 20 were unchanged. Lactate dehydrogenase levels were increased in 31 patients. Seven patients progressed to severe COVID-19; however, after treatment, their condition was stable. No patients died. Of the 36 asymptomatic patients, the mean age was younger than the symptomatic group (34.4±17.3vs 44.9±18.1 years, P=0.02). Lymphocyte count and prealbumin levels were higher in the asymptomatic group than the group with clinical symptoms (1.6±0.5 vs 1.3±0.6 and 241.8±68.2 vs 191.9±60.3, respectively; P<0.05). Imported cases of COVID-19 in Tibetan patients were generally mild in this high-altitude area. Absence of fever or radiologic abnormalities on initial presentation were common.

scholarly journals Digital anatomical study of screw placement for quadrilateral plate through the middle window of ilioinguinal approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Zhao ◽  
Weidong Mu
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Screw Placement ◽  
Insertion Point ◽  
Ilioinguinal Approach ◽  
Quadrilateral Plate ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Screw placement directly for quadrilateral plate fractures of the acetabulum is very difficult. This study was performed to simulate the surgical procedure and try to obtain effective and safe screw angles through the middle window of ilioinguinal approach in Chinese patients. Methods We randomly collected the pelvic computed tomography (CT) scans of 50 adults. DICOM-formatted CT-scan images were imported into Mimics software. The three-dimensional reconstruction (3D) digital model of the semi-pelvic was established. In the coronal and sagittal planes, a 3.5 mm cylinder was used to simulate the pathway of the screw from the designated insertion point. The angles of insertion and intersex differences were explored by statistical analyses. Results The screws could be inserted via four angles: medial inclination, lateral inclination, anterior inclination and posterior inclination. The mean minimum medial inclination angle (MIMIA) of insertion point A was 4.96°±1.11° in males and 8.66°±3.40° in females, and the intersex difference was significant. The mean minimum medial inclination angle (MIMIA) of insertion point C was -5.31°±3.69° in males and 1.75°±8.95° in females, and the intersex difference was significant. There were no differences in all the angles between males and females in insertion point B. Conclusions Preoperative measurement and calculation by digital tools before the screw placement for quadrilateral plate fractures of the acetabulum are feasible. Double cortical screws could be placed safely through the middle window of ilioinguinal approach to increase the stability of acetabulum.

scholarly journals Ultrasound signs of atherosclerotic plaques destabilization in carotid arteries

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
D. E. Zaitsev ◽  
A. S. Lepekhina ◽  
G. E. Trufanov
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Single Use ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinical Questions ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Vascular Center

Aim. To assess the ultrasonography role for diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions of the extracranial carotid arteries.Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the St. Petersburg Mariinsky Hospital. A total of 855 patients who were admitted to the regional vascular center due to ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack were examined. The mean age of the patients was 68 years (min 18, max 107). All patients underwent ultrasound of the carotid arteries.Results. In 570 (66,6%) patients with neurological symptoms (according to clinical and neurological examination), hemodynamically insignificant carotid artery lumen stenosis up to 70-75% was revealed. Ultrasound imaging in all patients revealed signs of atherosclerotic plaque (ASP) instability in various combinations, except for hemorrhage. It was not possible to clearly visualize the finished hemorrhage in the ASP structure.Conclusion. Despite the high informative value of ultrasound, it is not possible to answer all clinical questions with its single use. At the moment, there is no classification of instability signs, reflecting the ASP embolism risk. It needs for paternal change the management of asymptomatic patients. More detailed study of ASP destabilization using various visualization methods is necessary.

External Ca effect on water permeability, regulatory volume decrease, and extracellular space in barnacle muscle cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. C1128-C1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Berman ◽  
C. Pena-Rasgado ◽  
M. Holmgren ◽  
P. Hawkins ◽  
H. Rasgado-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Water Permeability ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Regulatory Volume Decrease ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Barnacle Muscle ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Volume Decrease

The effect of extracellular Ca2+ (Cao) on sarcolemmal hydraulic water permeability (L'p), regulatory volume decrease (RVD), and extracellular space (ECS) was studied in barnacle muscle cells. Absence or presence of Cao had no effect on L'p [0 Cao = 2.762 +/- 0.098 x 10(-5), and 11 mM Cao = 2.720 +/- 0.222 x 10(-5) cm.kg.s-1 x osmol x 1-kgH2O-1]. Likewise, cells exposed to anisosmotic media (for < 30 min) behaved as osmometers in 0 and 11 mM Cao, showing similar slopes and intercepts in van't Hoff plots. At longer incubation times, however, hyposmotic conditions promoted a Cao-dependent RVD. The relationship between Cao and the percentage of cells responding with RVD to a hyposmotic challenge was sigmoidal (half-maximal Cao = 4.83 mM). The mean rate of RVD (40 nl/min) was independent of the level of swelling in response to hyposmotic challenges. However, the magnitude of RVD increased with larger hyposmotic challenges. Both the presence of Cao and hypotonicity reduced the "apparent" ECS by 47 +/- 6 and 39 +/- 6%, respectively. Three-dimensional reconstruction of autoradiographs of the cells was made to interpret these results.

scholarly journals Collateral perfusion using arterial spin labeling in symptomatic versus asymptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Lou ◽  
Xiaoxiao Ma ◽  
David S Liebeskind ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Chenglin Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Antegrade Flow

The purpose was to assess the difference of collaterals in symptomatic versus asymptomatic patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis by comparing cerebral blood flow (CBF) at two post labeling delays (PLD) using three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pCASL). Eighty-one patients (49 symptomatic and 32 asymptomatic) with unilateral MCA stenosis ≥50% who underwent pCASL with two PLDs were included. Mean CBF and CBF subtraction images between two PLDs of MCA territories were compared in symptomatic and asymptomatic groups, respectively. Compared with the asymptomatic group, patients with symptomatic MCA stenosis had significantly lower CBF in the MCA territory of stenotic side at each PLD. The CBF of stenotic territory showed greater increase than that of normal side from PLD 1.5 to 2.5 s. The CBF of asymptomatic MCA territory increased similarly with that of symptomatic MCA territory from PLD of 1.5 to 2.5 s in stenotic side, while symptomatic patients experienced significantly slower antegrade flow. On CBF subtraction images, asymptomatic patients showed larger volume of differences between PLD of 1.5 and 2.5 s compared with those of symptomatic patients ( p = 0.037). The results suggest that more robust collateral perfusion on two-delay 3D pCASL is present in asymptomatic patients compared with symptomatic patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of Physical Examination Combined with Transvaginal Ultrasonography in Patients with Endometriosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Talha Tiryaki ◽  
Tolga Karacan ◽  
Seyma Yesiralioglu ◽  
Eser Ozyurek ◽  
Huseyin Kiyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasonography ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Subjective Impression ◽  
Symptomatic Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Owing to its high sensitivity and specificity, and because it is widely available, transvaginal ultrasonography is the first-line imaging test of choice used for the diagnosis of endometriosis. Ultrasonographic findings evaluated in conjunction with symptoms and signs may improve the diagnosis of endometriosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that transvaginal ultrasonography combined with physical examinations performed by physicians could predict endometriosis better in patients with symptoms suggestive of endometriosis compared with asymptomatic patients at presentation.</p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> In this retrospective cohort study, the first subjective impression obtained from the history, physical examination, and transvaginal ultrasonography performed by the physician during the first visit in the outpatient clinic was taken into consideration. Patients who underwent surgery with the indication of ovarian mass were divided into two groups according to their admission types; symptomatic and asymptomatic.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The number of patients reported to have endometriosis histopathologically was 138;132 were in the premenopausal period (symptomatic group n=101, asymptomatic group n=31) and 6 were in the postmenopausal period (symptomatic group n=1, asymptomatic group n=5). The positive predictive value and positive likelihood ratio of the combination of pelvic examination and transvaginal ultrasonography in premenopausal symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, and postmenopausal symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were 97.8%, 11.5; 47.3%, 6.9; 25.0%, 4.6; and 11.1%, 2.3, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The diagnostic performance of transvaginal ultrasonography in combination with physical examination in patients with asymptomatic endometriosis cannot reach the diagnostic accuracy of physical examination combined with transvaginal ultrasonography in patients with endometriosis who present with symptoms.</p>

scholarly journals Extracellular Lipids Accumulate in Human Carotid Arteries as Distinct Three-Dimensional Structures and Have Proinflammatory Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satu Lehti ◽  
Su D. Nguyen ◽  
Ilya Belevich ◽  
Helena Vihinen ◽  
Hanna M. Heikkilä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Carotid

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Asymptomatic Patients with SARS-CoV-2 in Zhejiang: An Imperceptible Source of Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Dai ◽  
Xinmiao Chen ◽  
Xiaoting Xu ◽  
Zhefeng Leng ◽  
Wenwen Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Symptomatic Group ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Objective. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread globally, resulting in an ongoing pandemic. However, the study of asymptomatic patients is still rare, and the understanding of its potential transmission risk is still insufficient. In this study, epidemiological investigations were conducted in the Zhejiang province to understand the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of asymptomatic patients with COVID-19. Methods. This retrospective study was carried out on 22 asymptomatic patients and 234 symptomatic patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in Zhejiang Duodi Hospital from January 21 to March 16, 2020. The characteristics of epidemiology, demography, clinical manifestations, and laboratory data of mild patients were compared and analyzed. Results. The median age was 28 years in asymptomatic patients and 48 years in symptomatic patients. The proportion who were female was 77.3% in asymptomatic patients and 36.3% in symptomatic patients (p<0.001). The proportion of patients with coexisting diseases was 4.5% in asymptomatic patients and 38.0% in symptomatic patients (p=0.002). The proportion of patients with increased CRP was 13.6% in the asymptomatic group and 61.1% in the symptomatic group (p<0.001). The proportion of patients received antiviral therapy was 45.5% in the asymptomatic group and 97.9% in the symptomatic group (p<0.001). The proportion of patients received oxygen therapy was 22.7% in the asymptomatic group and 99.1% in symptomatic patients (p<0.001). By March 16, 2020, all patients were discharged from the hospital, and no symptoms had appeared in the asymptomatic patients during hospitalization. The median course of infection to discharge was 21.5 days in asymptomatic patients and 22 days in symptomatic patients. Conclusions. Asymptomatic patients are also infectious; relying only on clinical symptoms, blood cell tests, and radiology examination will lead to misdiagnosis of most patients, leading to the spread of the virus. Investigation of medical history is the best strategy for screening asymptomatic patients, especially young people, women, and people without coexisting disease, who are more likely to be asymptomatic when infected. Although the prognosis is good, isolation is critical for asymptomatic patients, and it is important not to end isolation early before a nucleic acid test turns negative.

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