The Nature and Control of Postural Adaptations of Boys with and Without Developmental Coordination Disorder

This study compared the nature of postural adaptations and control tendencies, between 7 (n = 9) and 11-year-old boys (n = 10) with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and age-matched, younger (n = 10) and older (n = 9) peers in a leaning task. Examination of anterior-posterior, medio-lateral, maximum and mean area of sway, and path length revealed one significant interaction as older, unaffected boys swayed more than all other groups (p < .01). As a group, boys with DCD displayed smaller anterior-posterior (p < .01) and area of sway (p < .01). Analysis of relative time spent in the corrective phase (p < .002) revealed that boys with DCD spent 54% under feedback control while boys without DCD spent 78%. This was attributed to reduced proprioceptive sensitivity, as confirmed by significant differences between the groups (p < .009) in spectral analysis of peak frequency of sway.

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Control of Stance and Developmental Coordination Disorder: The Role of Visual Information

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.21.1.19 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 19-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Eryk P. Przysucha ◽

M. Jane Taylor

Keyword(s):

Visual Information ◽

Path Length ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽

Postural Sway ◽

Quiet Standing ◽

Eyes Closed ◽

Total Path Length ◽

Eyes Open ◽

Stability Limits ◽

Coordination Disorder

The purpose of this study was to compare the postural sway profiles of 20 boys with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) on two conditions of a quiet standing task: eyes open and eyes closed. Anterior-posterior (AP) sway, medio-lateral sway (LAT), area of sway, total path length, and Romberg’s quotient were analyzed. When visual information was available, there was no difference between groups in LAT sway or path length. However, boys with DCD demonstrated more AP sway (p < .01) and greater area of sway (p < .03), which resulted in pronounced excursions closer to their stability limits. Analysis of Romberg’s quotient indicated that boys with DCD did not over-rely on visual information.

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Perceived athletic competence and physical activity in children with developmental coordination disorder who are clinically referred, and control children

Research in Developmental Disabilities ◽

10.1016/j.ridd.2014.09.005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (12) ◽

pp. 3591-3597 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Johannes J. Noordstar ◽

Ilse Stuive ◽

Hester Herweijer ◽

Lian Holty ◽

Chantal Oudenampsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽

Clinically Referred ◽

Athletic Competence ◽

And Control ◽

Coordination Disorder

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Differences in movement-related cortical activation patterns underlying motor performance in children with and without developmental coordination disorder

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00532.2012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 109 (12) ◽

pp. 3041-3050 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Melissa M. Pangelinan ◽

Bradley D. Hatfield ◽

Jane E. Clark

Keyword(s):

Motor Performance ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽

Developmental Trajectory ◽

Older Children ◽

Brain Areas ◽

Planning And Control ◽

Age Related ◽

Motor Cortical ◽

And Control ◽

Coordination Disorder

Behavioral deficits in visuomotor planning and control exhibited by children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have been extensively reported. Although these functional impairments are thought to result from “atypical brain development,” very few studies to date have identified potential neurological mechanisms. To address this knowledge gap, electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from 6- to 12-yr-old children with and without DCD ( n = 14 and 20, respectively) during the performance of a visuomotor drawing task. With respect to motor performance, typically developing (TD) children exhibited age-related improvements in key aspects of motor planning and control. Although some children with DCD performed outside this TD landscape (i.e., age-related changes within the TD group), the group developmental trajectory of the children with DCD was similar to that of the TD children. Despite overall similarities in performance, engagement of cortical resources in the children with DCD was markedly different from that in their TD counterparts. While the patterns of activation are stable in TD children across the age range, the young children with DCD exhibited less engagement of motor cortical brain areas and the older children with DCD exhibited greater engagement of motor cortical brain areas than their TD peers. These results suggest that older children with DCD may employ a compensatory strategy in which increased engagement of relevant motor resources allows these children to perform comparably to their TD peers. Moreover, the magnitude of activation was related to several kinematic measures, particularly in children with DCD, suggesting that greater engagement in motor resources may underlie better behavioral performance.

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The Effect of Selected Cognitive Games on the Promotion and Stability of Executive Functions in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorders

Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.32598/sjrm.10.3.16 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 574-587

Author(s):

Narges Ghaderi ◽

◽

Mohamad Ali Aslankhani ◽

Ehsan Zareian ◽

Jaleh Baqirli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Executive Functions ◽

Cognitive Flexibility ◽

Response Inhibition ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽

Control Group ◽

Coordination Disorders ◽

And Control ◽

Coordination Disorder ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorders

Background and Aims: Children with developmental coordination disorders experience some form of impairment in some executive functions. The present study was designed and conducted to study the effect and retention of cognitive games on the development of three components of executive functions (response inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) among children with developmental coordination disorders. Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a control group. Thirty girls aged 7-10 years with developmental coordination disorder Based on the score obtained in the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-second edition (MABC-2) test set and based on the IQ score, were divided into two experimental and control groups. MABC-2 and Cattle and intelligence tests were used for initial screening, and N-Back, Stroop, and Go-NOGO tests measured working memory, cognitive flexibility, and response inhibition. The training protocol consisted of a series of purposeful cognitive and motor games that explicitly considered the development of a specific component of executive functions. Data were analyzed using a combined two-way analysis (2×3) of variance. Results: The findings showed, performance Working memory (P=0.0001) performance, cognitive flexibility (P=0.045), and response inhibition (P=0.010) increased in the experimental group from pretest to posttest, While no such change was observed in the control group. Also, the effect of improving games on working memory (P=0.0001) and response inhibition (P=0.033) was maintained until the retention test. At the same time, there was no significant difference between cognitive flexibility in the retention test of children with developmental coordination disorder in the experimental group and control. Conclusion: Based on the findings, cognitive-motor games effectively improve and maintain working memory, inhibit response, and develop cognitive flexibility. As a result, according to the results of this study and other studies, it can be acknowledged that intervention as a process as a process-oriented therapy with the involvement of the individual in a mental process improves the executive functions of children with developmental coordination disorder and games introduced in this Research is a good framework for designing and implementing high quality and reproducible programs.

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The nature of coordination and control problems in children with developmental coordination disorder during ball catching: A systematic review

Human Movement Science ◽

10.1016/j.humov.2020.102688 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 ◽

pp. 102688

Author(s):

Dagmar F.A.A. Derikx ◽

Marina M. Schoemaker

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽

Control Problems ◽

And Control ◽

Coordination Disorder ◽

Coordination And Control

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Correlations between Performance in a Virtual Reality Game and the Movement Assessment Battery Diagnostics in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10030833 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 833 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rasha Wattad ◽

Lidia V. Gabis ◽

Shahar Shefer ◽

Sarit Tresser ◽

Sigal Portnoy

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Path Length ◽

Motor Coordination ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽

Assessment Battery ◽

Visual Motor Coordination ◽

Hand Path ◽

Movement Assessment ◽

Visual Motor ◽

Coordination Disorder

We aimed to compare the performance in a Virtual Reality (VR) game between Typically Developed (TD) children and children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). We then compared the performance in a VR game with the sub-grades of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC). Twenty TD children (10 boys; mean and SD age 5.1 ± 0.6) and 10 children with DCD (4 boys; mean and SD age 5.6 ± 0.6) participated in the study. The parents filled out the DCD questionnaire. The MABC was administered. Each subject stood on a pressure pad and played a non-immersive VR game. The game score, hand path length, and movement of center of pressure were recorded. The game score achieved by the control group was ~22% higher compared to the game score achieved by the research group (p = 0.042). The path length of the right hand strongly correlated with the visual-motor coordination MABC subcategory score (r = 0.902, p < 0.001), with the balance MABC subcategory score (r = 0.769, p = 0.009), and with the total MABC score (r = 0.667, p = 0.035). This VR game might provide a preliminary distinction between TD children and children with DCD. Furthermore, investigation of hand path length may reflect the visual-motor coordination impairment of the child.

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Imagine That! Mental Training for Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder

Frontiers for Young Minds ◽

10.3389/frym.2021.642053 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew W. Scott ◽

Greg Wood ◽

Paul S. Holmes ◽

Ben Marshall ◽

Jacqueline Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Imagery ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽

Action Observation ◽

Well Being ◽

Mental Training ◽

Brain Areas ◽

And Control ◽

Coordination Disorder ◽

The Brain ◽

Health And Well Being

Movement is important for children’s health and well-being. Most children find it easy to learn to move but children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) find it hard. It can be tricky for them to plan and control their movements. DCD affects 1 in every 20 children. It makes important tasks difficult, like getting dressed or playing games and sports. Scientists have found that children with DCD have different activity in some brain areas compared to other children. Mental training can increase activity in these areas of the brain. One type of mental training is motor imagery, which involves imagining doing movements. Another type of mental training is action observation, which involves carefully watching how people make certain movements. These techniques can help children with DCD get better at moving. This means that doing mental training might help make life easier for children with DCD.

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