Case Study: Energy Availability and Endocrine Markers in Elite Male Track Cyclists

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Schofield ◽  
Holly Thorpe ◽  
Stacy T. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Energy Deficiency

Aim: To highlight energy availability status, resting metabolic rate measures, dietary protein intake, and testosterone concentration in 4 elite male track cycling athletes (mean [SD]: age: 20.8 [1.5] y, body mass: 76.3 [3.6] kg, height: 181.8 [2.9] cm). Method: A cross-sectional observation included measures of energy availability (energy intake minus exercise energy expenditure, divided by fat-free mass), resting metabolic rate from indirect calorimetry, dietary protein intake from food records, blood analysis to assess sex hormone status, and performance markers. Results: Midrange testosterone (16.9–19.8 nmol/L), lowered resting metabolic rate ratio (0.76–0.98), varied luteinizing hormone (4–10 U/L), and suboptimal energy availability (26–41 kcal/kg fat-free mass/d, range) were observed in the male track cyclists. Protein intakes ranged from 2.0 g to 2.8 g protein/kg/d. Conclusion: The current cohort may have within-day energy deficiency, putting them in a catabolic state.

Adequate protein intake in older adults in the context of frailty: cross-sectional results of the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2014–2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szu-Yun Wu ◽  
Nai-Hua Yeh ◽  
Hsing-Yi Chang ◽  
Chi-Fen Wang ◽  
Shu-Yi Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values

ABSTRACT Background Emerging evidence suggests that a dietary protein intake higher than the current recommended dietary allowance of 0.8 g/kg body weight (BW)/d may be needed to maintain optimal muscle mass, strength, and function in older adults. However, defining optimal protein intake in this age group remains a challenge. Objective In this study we sought to describe the dietary protein intake in frail, prefrail, and robust older Taiwanese adults Methods Data for 1920 older adults were collected from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan from 2014 to 2017. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-h recall method. Frailty was determined using the modified Fried's criteria. Body composition was assessed using DXA. Sex-specific dietary protein intakes, measured as values/kg of BW, fat-free mass (FFM), and lean mass (LM), were estimated for the 3 age groups (65–69, 70–79, and ≥80y) and the 3 frailty levels. Results In both males (P for trend = 0.034) and females (P for trend = 0.015), there were significant downward trends for protein intake/kg of BW with the severity of frailty. The age-adjusted protein intake/kg of BW was still significant in males (P for trend = 0.009), but no longer in females. This phenomenon was also seen for protein intake at lunch and dinner but not at breakfast. Age-adjusted trends for protein intake/kg FFM or LM were not significant in either sex. The median protein intake in robust older males and females was 1.21 and 1.19 g/kg BW/d, respectively, and the mean intakes were even higher. Conclusion Median protein intake in robust Taiwanese older adults was approximately 1.2 g/kg BW/d, with higher mean values. The protein adequate intake in Taiwanese older adults was higher than the current recommended daily allowance (RDA) level but within the RDA range derived from the state-of art indicator amino acid oxidation technique.

scholarly journals Associations of Dietary Protein Intake With Fat-Free Mass and Grip Strength: A Cross-Sectional Study in 146,816 UK Biobank Participants

2018 ◽  
Vol 187 (11) ◽  
pp. 2405-2414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A Celis-Morales ◽  
Fanny Petermann ◽  
Lewis Steell ◽  
Jana Anderson ◽  
Paul Welsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Adherence to a Low Carbohydrate Diet may Modify Resting Metabolic Rate among Overweight and Obese Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Forough Sajjadi ◽  
Atieh Mirzababaei ◽  
nasim Ghodoosi ◽  
Sara Pooyan ◽  
Hana Arghavani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Carb Diet ◽  
Adjusted Model

Abstract Objective Resting metabolic rate (RMR) accounts for most of the daily energy expenditure. The low-carb diet attenuates decreases in RMR. This study aims to investigate the relationship between a low-carb diet and resting metabolic rate status. Methods We enrolled 304 overweight and obese women in this cross-sectional study. BMI, fat mass, fat-free mass, visceral fat, insulin level were assessed. RMR was measured using indirect calorimetry. A low carbohydrate diet score was measured using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Results Our results showed no relationship between LCDS and DNR even after adjust for confounders (Inc. RMR: OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.92–1.01, P = 0.20; Dec. RMR: OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94-1.00, P = 0.14). Some components of LCDS had significant differences with DNR, such as carbohydrate and Dec. RMR in adjusted model (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 0.98–1.37, P = 0.08), MUFA and Dec. RMR in adjusted model (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.21–1.10, P = 0.08) and refined grain and Inc. RMR in crude model (OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77–0.99, P = 0.04). Conclusion Our study showed that there is no association between a low-carb diet and RMR status but carbohydrate, MUFA, and refined grain had a significant relationship.

scholarly journals Influence of dietary protein intake on body composition in chronic kidney disease patients in stages 3–5: A cross-sectional study

Nefrología ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-654
Author(s):  
Guillermina Barril ◽  
Angel Nogueira ◽  
Mar Ruperto López ◽  
Yone Castro ◽  
José Antonio Sánchez-Tomero
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Effects of protein intake on blood pressure, insulin sensitivity and blood lipids in children: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trudy Voortman ◽  
Anna Vitezova ◽  
Wichor M. Bramer ◽  
Charlotte L. Ars ◽  
Paula K. Bautista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beneficial Effects

High protein intake in early childhood is associated with obesity, suggesting possible adverse effects on other cardiometabolic outcomes. However, studies in adults have suggested beneficial effects of protein intake on blood pressure (BP) and lipid profile. Whether dietary protein intake is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic health in children is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the evidence on the associations of protein intake with BP, insulin sensitivity and blood lipids in children. We searched the databases Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central and PubMed for interventional and observational studies in healthy children up to the age of 18 years, in which associations of total, animal and/or vegetable protein intake with one or more of the following outcomes were reported: BP; measures of insulin sensitivity; cholesterol levels; or TAG levels. In the search, we identified 6636 abstracts, of which fifty-six studies met all selection criteria. In general, the quality of the included studies was low. Most studies were cross-sectional, and many did not control for potential confounders. No overall associations were observed between protein intake and insulin sensitivity or blood lipids. A few studies suggested an inverse association between dietary protein intake and BP, but evidence was inconclusive. Only four studies examined the effects of vegetable or animal protein intake, but with inconsistent results. In conclusion, the literature, to date provides insufficient evidence for effects of protein intake on BP, insulin sensitivity or blood lipids in children. Future studies could be improved by adequately adjusting for key confounders such as energy intake and obesity.

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