An Energy-Based Method for Testing Cushioning Durability of Running Shoes

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Swigart ◽  
Arthur G. Erdman ◽  
Patrick J. Cain
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Test Method ◽  
New Method ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Materials Testing ◽  
Wear Factor ◽  
Time Profiles ◽  
Running Shoes ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Force Time

A new method for quantifying shoe cushioning durability was developed. This method used a computer-controlled, closed-loop materials testing system to subject the shoes to force-time profiles that were indicative of running. The change in the magnitude of the maximum energy absorbed by a shoe and the change in the magnitude of the energy balance of the shoe were quantified after the shoe had been worn running for a given distance. A shoe that changed very little in these quantities had a small energy wear factor and was deemed to have durable cushioning. The test method was roughly validated through comparison of three shoes of different midsole constructions with known relative durabilities. The shoes were tested at four simulated running speeds for energy properties when they were new and after they were run in for 161 km. The relative durabilities of the tested shoes were consistent with expectations based on the shoes' materials and constructions, showing that the new method has promise in predicting shoe cushioning durability, and thus more complete studies of the method may prove useful.

scholarly journals The Effect of Lateral Column Lengthening on Subtalar Motion: Are We Trading Deformity for Stiffness?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011420S0004
Author(s):  
Brittany Hedrick ◽  
Anthony Riccio ◽  
Danielle M. Thomas ◽  
Claire Shivers ◽  
Matthew Siebert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deformity Correction ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Materials Testing ◽  
Lateral Column ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Lateral Column Lengthening ◽  
Paired T Test

Category: Hindfoot; Other Introduction/Purpose: While lengthening of the lateral column through a calcaneal neck osteotomy is an integral component of flatfoot reconstruction in younger patients with flexible planovalgus deformities, concern exists as to the effect of this intra- articular osteotomy on subtalar motion. The purpose of this study is to quantify the alterations in subtalar motion following lateral column lengthening (LCL). Methods: The subtalar motion of 14 fresh frozen cadaveric feet was assessed using a three-dimensional motion capture system and materials testing system (MTS). Following potting of the tibia and calcaneus, optic markers were placed into the tibia, calcaneus and talus. The MTS was used to apply a rotational force across the subtalar joint to a torque of 5Nm. Abduction/adduction, supination/pronation, and plantarflexion/dorsiflexion about the talus was recorded. Specimens then underwent LCL via a calcaneal neck osteotomy which was maintained with a 12mm porous titanium wedge. Repeat subtalar motion analysis was performed and compared to pre-LCL motion using a paired t-test. Results:: No statistically significant differences in subtalar abduction/adduction (10.9O vs. 11.8O degrees, p=.48), supination/pronation (3.5O vs. 2.7O, p=.31), or plantarflexion/dorsiflexion (1.6O vs 1.0O, p=.10) were identified following LCL. Conclusion:: No significant changes in subtalar motion were observed following lateral column lengthening in this biomechanical cadaveric study. While these findings do not obviate concerns of clinical subtalar stiffness following planovalgus deformity correction, they suggest that diminished postoperative subtalar motion may be due to soft tissue scarring rather than alterations of joint anatomy.

Internal Imperfection Detection of Concrete Composite Component Using Ultrasonic Method and Impact-Echo Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 639-640 ◽  
pp. 1046-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Feng Xiao ◽  
Da Hai Zhang ◽  
Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Test Method ◽  
New Method ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Composite Component ◽  
Impact Echo ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Echo Method ◽  
Concrete Component

The ultrasonic method and the impact-echo method are two kinds of nondestructive test method (NDT), which are widely used, not only for concrete component, but for masonry structures. However, it is hard to detect the flaw in the concrete composite component if only with one kind of detection method. In this study, the principle of ultrasonic method and impact-echo method are outlined. And an attempt of a new method is taken, that Ultrasonic method together with Impact-echo method is used in detecting the deflection in Concrete Composite Component. It is proved that the result of this new method is more accurate and stable than that of only using ultrasonic method or impact-echo method. Introduction Introduction

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of pounding damage to caisson under storm surge

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 03046
Author(s):  
Chen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Time History ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Wave Force ◽  
New Method ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Force Time

In this paper, a new method for the numerical simulation of structural model is proposed，which is employed to analyze the pounding response of caissons subjected to storm surge loads．According to the new method，the simulation process is divided into two steps. Firstly, the wave propagation caused by storm surge is simulated by the wave-generating tool of Flow-3D, and recording the wave force time history on the caisson. Secondly，a refined 3D finite element model of caisson is established，and the wave force load is applied on the caisson according to the measured data in the first step for further analysis of structural pounding response using the explicit solver of LSDYNA. The whole simulation of pounding response of a caisson caused by “Sha Lijia” typhoon is carried out. The results show that the different wave direction results in the different angle caisson collisions, which will lead to different failure mode of caisson, and when the angle of 60 between wave direction and front/back wall is simulated, the numerical pounding failure mode is consistent with the situation.

scholarly journals Problems of the dynamic test method for individual protection equipment (shock absorbers)

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 05034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Korolchenko ◽  
Vasily Vasilenko ◽  
Georgy Lelikov
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Shock Absorbers ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Protective Performance

This paper examines issues of safety of high-altitude works, using individual protection equipment to prevent falling from a height. In particular, the paper reviews personal protective equipment - shock absorber, its dynamic characteristics and related test methods to meet the requirements of Technical Regulations 019/2011 “Safety of Individual Protection Equipment”. The paper discusses the differences between the Russian and European standards for dynamic characteristic testing of shock absorbers, even as the former are harmonized texts of the latter, and the effect of such differences on protective performance of shock absorbers and ultimately on safety of works on heights. It have been shown that tests, conducted in accordance with the Russian regulative documents for dynamic performance of the shock absorbers, entail decreasing in safety usage of such type of IPE and increasing in injuries during falls from a height. It has been defined necessity to actualize the range of the testing system of shock absorbers, and to admit its larger value that will cause increase in protective properties of shock absorbers.

New method for calibration of a computer controlled CRT: feedback calibration

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingping Wang ◽  
Zhengfang Zhu ◽  
Dazun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Computer Controlled
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