Telephone-Based Motivational Interviewing to Promote Physical Activity and Stage of Change Progression in Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin R. Lilienthal ◽  
Anna Evans Pignol ◽  
Jeffrey E. Holm ◽  
Nancy Vogeltanz-Holm
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Aging Adults ◽  
Healthy Activity ◽  
To Receive

This study examined the efficacy of motivational interviewing (MI) for increasing physical activity in aging adults. Eighty-six participants aged 55 years and older were randomly assigned to receive either four weekly sessions of telephone-based MI for increasing physical activity, or a healthy activity living guide (information only control). Changes from baseline weekly caloric expenditure from physical activity, self-efficacy for physical activity, and stage of change for physical activity were compared across groups at posttreatment and six months follow-up. Results indicated that MI participants had higher weekly caloric expenditures from physical activity at posttreatment, but not at six months follow-up; higher self-efficacy for physical activity at six months follow-up; and demonstrated greater stage of change progression across assessments. These findings support the use of telephone-based MI for increasing physical activity in older adults in the short-term. Future studies will need to determine if follow-up booster sessions increase long-term efficacy.

scholarly journals Long-Term Adherence to Physical Activity Among Older Veterans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 859-859
Author(s):  
Candace Brown
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
Initiation Phase ◽  
Α Level

Abstract The benefits of physical activity (PA) are well-established and it is recommended that older adults achieve at least 150 to 300 minutes of moderate intensity PA and strengthening activities weekly. However, only 54.0% and 23.2% of older adults achieve these recommendations for endurance and strengthening (respectively), and 48% dropout within the first 6-months. Most PA research focuses on the 6-month initiation phase leaving a gap regarding long-term adherence. We explored predictors of long-term adherence (>2-years) to PA from 97participants at 6-month follow-up and yearly surveys. Variables examined included age, race, gender, body mass index (BMI), and self-reported comorbidities, symptoms, physical function, and barrier-specific self-efficacy scale (α-level 0.05). Lower BMI (29.1±5.1 versus 31.6±6.5, p=0.047) and higher self-efficacy to overcome environmental barriers (p=0.016) and social isolation (p=0.05) were associated with long-term adherence. Self-efficacy to overcome environmental and social barriers should be addressed to promote long-term adherence to exercise among older adults

scholarly journals Developing Predictors of Long-Term Adherence to Exercise Among Older Veterans and Spouses

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1159-1162
Author(s):  
Candace S. Brown ◽  
Richard Sloane ◽  
Miriam C. Morey
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Change Theory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
Inclement Weather ◽  
Behavior Change Theory

Behavior change theory was used to explore predictors of long-term adherence (≥2 years) to exercise. A retrospective analysis of data from participants ( N = 97) who reached a 6-month follow-up, which served as the baseline, was evaluated for completion of yearly follow-up surveys. Variables examined at baseline, which included age, race, gender, body mass index (BMI), and self-report of comorbidities, symptoms, physical function, and a Barriers Specific Self-Efficacy Scale, were examined with significance set at p < .05. Lower BMI (29.1 ± 5.1 vs. 31.6 ± 6.5, p = .047) and higher self-efficacy to overcome environmental barriers ( p = .016) and social isolation ( p = .05) were associated with long-term adherence. Self-efficacy to overcome environmental and social barriers, such as inclement weather, access to exercise site, and opportunities for group-based exercise, should be addressed to promote long-term adherence to exercise among older adults.

scholarly journals Individual and Environmental Barriers to Successful Aging

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne C. Hernandez ◽  
Craig A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Environmental Barriers ◽  
Aging Adults

The cornerstone to successful aging is maintaining a consistent physical activity routine and healthy diet. This is particular important for aging adults to preserve their independence. However, for low-income aging adults there are significant individual and environmental barriers that reduce their ability to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Understanding how environmental supports can be found in existing programs geared toward older adults is a way to insure long-term behavioral changes.

A Brief Intervention of Physical Activity Education and Counseling in Community Rehabilitation: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Emily T. Green ◽  
Narelle S. Cox ◽  
Anne E. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Education Material ◽  
Community Rehabilitation ◽  
To Receive

This study aimed to assess the feasibility of delivering a brief physical activity (PA) intervention to community rehabilitation clients. Participants were randomized to receive one session of stage-of-change-based PA education and counseling in addition to written educational material, or education material alone. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 3 months; the primary outcome was feasibility, measured by the percentage of those who were eligible, consented, randomized, and followed-up. A total of 123 individuals were both eligible and interested in participating, 32% of those screened on admission to the program. Forty participants consented, and 35 were randomized, with mean age 72 years (SD = 12.2). At baseline, 66% had recently commenced or intended to begin regular PA in the next 6 months. A total of 30 participants were followed-up. It is feasible to deliver education and counseling designed to support the long-term adoption of regular PA to community rehabilitation clients. Further refinement of the protocol is warranted (ACTRN12617000519358).

scholarly journals ‘You started something … then I continued by myself’: a qualitative study of physical activity maintenance

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 574-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Wahlich ◽  
Carole Beighton ◽  
Christina Victor ◽  
Rebecca Normansell ◽  
Derek Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Walking Intervention ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Bad Weather

Background Most mid-life and older adults are not achieving recommended physical activity (PA) targets and effective interventions are needed to increase and maintain PA long-term for health benefits. The Pedometer And Consultation Evaluation (PACE-UP) trial, a three-armed primary care pedometer-based walking intervention in those aged 45–75 years, demonstrated increased PA levels at 12 months. A three-year follow-up was conducted to evaluate long-term PA maintenance, including a qualitative component. Aim To examine facilitators and barriers to PA maintenance in mid-life and older adults previously involved in a PA trial. Method Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 60 PACE-UP participants across all study arms. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded independently by researchers, prior to thematic analysis. Findings Two-thirds of participants felt since the PACE-UP trial they had an awareness of PA, with the pedometer reported as ‘kick-starting’ regular activity, and then helped them to maintain regular activity. PA facilitators included: maintaining good health, self-motivation, social support and good weather. Lack of time was the most frequently cited barrier. Other barriers were often the inverse of the facilitators; for example, poor health and bad weather. Participants described the type of ‘top-up’ intervention they would find beneficial to aid PA maintenance (eg, text messages, online resources and walking groups). Conclusion A challenge for future PA interventions is to transform barriers into facilitators; for example, educating trial participants about the value of PA for many chronic health conditions to change this from inhibiting to promoting PA. Participants provided ideas for encouraging PA maintenance which could be incorporated into future interventions.

Parks and Health: Differences in Constraints and Negotiation Strategies for Park-Based Leisure Time Physical Activity by Stage of Change

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis ◽  
Ingrid E. Schneider ◽  
Mark A. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Negotiation Strategies ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations

Background:Public parks are increasingly recognized as important places that facilitate physical activity. Despite the presence of parks, constraints to recreation and physical activity at parks exist. As the health benefits identified with physical activity require long-term and regular activity, it is important to examine factors pertaining to physical activity participation beyond initiation. This study explored differences in reported constraints to park based physical activity and negotiation strategies by physical activity stage of change.Methods:Data were collected among visitors to one Minnesota state park via onsite and follow-up questionnaires.Results:The average visitor had a healthier weight than the average U.S. and Minnesota adult and the majority of visitors were meeting the physical activity recommendations (86.4%). Respondents in the inactive/insufficient stages were more constrained and used fewer negotiation strategies than respondents in the maintenance stage.Conclusions:Results both support and expand on previous research findings. Specifically, this study supports research which indicates the adoption and maintenance of physical activity are influenced by different individual, social and environmental factors, and expands the research base by examining constraints and negotiation at different physical activity stages in a park setting. Implications of these findings provide directions for future stage-based intervention efforts.

scholarly journals The MIPAM trial: a 12-week intervention with motivational interviewing and physical activity monitoring to enhance the daily amount of physical activity in community-dwelling older adults – a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Tolstrup Larsen ◽  
Christoffer Bruun Korfitsen ◽  
Carsten Bogh Juhl ◽  
Henning Boje Andersen ◽  
Jan Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Physical Activity Monitoring

Abstract Background Physical Activity Monitors (PAMs) have been shown to effectively enhance level of physical activity (PA) in older adults. Motivational interviewing is a person-centred model where participants are guided using self-reflection and counselling, and addresses the behavioural and psychological aspects of why people initiate health behaviour change by prompting increases in motivation and self-efficacy. The addition of motivational interviewing to PA interventions may increase the effectiveness of PAMs for older adults. Methods This motivational interviewing and PA monitoring trial is designed as an investigator-blinded, two arm parallel group, randomized controlled superiority trial with primary endpoint after 12 weeks of intervention. The intervention group will receive a PAM-based intervention and motivational interviewing and the control group will only receive the PAM-based intervention. The primary outcome is PA, objectively measured as the average daily number of steps throughout the intervention period. Secondary outcome measures include self-reported PA health-related quality of life, loneliness, self-efficacy for exercise, outcome expectancy for exercise, and social relations. The outcomes will be analysed with a linear regression model investigating between-group differences, adjusted for baseline scores. Following the intention to treat principle, multiple imputation will be performed to handle missing values. Discussion A moderate effect of daily PA measured using PAMs is expected in this superiority RCT investigating the effect of adding motivational interviewing to a PAM intervention. According to the World Health Organization, walking and cycling are key activities in regular PA and should be promoted. To increase the general public health and lower the burden of inactivity in older adults, cost-beneficial solutions should be investigated further. If this RCT shows that motivational interviewing can enhance the effect of PAM-based interventions, it might be included as an add-on intervention when appropriate. No matter what the results of this study will be, the conclusions will be relevant for clinicians as the dependence on technology is increasing, especially in relation to public health promotion. Trial registration NCT03906162, April 1, 2019.

scholarly journals Effect of Inpatient and Outpatient Pneumonia on Mobility Disability, Gait Speed, and Physical Activity in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Joshua Brown ◽  
Reiko Sato ◽  
John E. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Life Study ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Pathophysiological changes caused by pneumonia may influence physical functioning in older adults. This study was a secondary analysis of the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study. The LIFE Study included 1635 individuals over an average follow-up of 2.6 years at eight clinical sites during 2010–2013. Adults ≥ 70 years-old with mobility limitations (Short Physical Performance Battery score ≤ 9) were randomized to a physical activity (exercise) intervention or health education control arm. This analysis evaluated the association between pneumonia events and major mobility disability (MMD), gait speed, and physical activity levels. Pneumonia events, classified as inpatient or outpatient, were assessed by self-report during longitudinal follow-up. MMD was measured by the inability to complete a 400-m walk test, or other proxies, as a binary outcome and separately analyzed as “short-term” and “long-term” MMD. Short-term MMD was defined as MMD occurring in the assessment period immediately following (between 1-day to 6-months after) a pneumonia event and long-term was in the following assessment period (6 to 12 months after the event). Short- and long-term gait speed was similarly recorded during the walk test in meters per second (m/s) and measured on a linear scale. Physical activity levels were captured via accelerometry and shown visually. Mixed-effects repeated measures regression adjusted for intervention assignment, baseline demographics, comorbid conditions, and frailty. Among the 1635 participants, n = 174 (10.7%) had a pneumonia event of which 80 (46% of events) were hospitalized. Those with pneumonia during follow-up had higher baseline medication use, prior hospitalizations, and higher prevalence of lung disorders but similar baseline functioning. Pneumonia hospitalization was associated with a 4-fold increase [OR = 4.1 (3.2–5.0)] and outpatient events were associated with a 2-fold increase [OR = 2.6 (2.1–3.1)] in the odds of short-term MMD. Pneumonia hospitalizations, but not outpatient events, were associated with a nearly 10% decrement in short-term gait speed. Pneumonia events were not associated with either long-term MMD or gait speed outcomes. Physical activity levels decreased from baseline immediately following the pneumonia episode (10–30% reductions) and returned to baseline after 6 months. These results emphasize the importance of managing pneumonia risk factors to prevent disease in order to maintain physical independence and activity in older adults.

A 1-Year Follow-Up on Effects of Exercise Programs on Well-Being in Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Solberg ◽  
Hallgeir Halvari ◽  
Yngvar Ommundsen ◽  
Will G. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of three types of training on well-being and frequency of physical activity and to determine whether preintervention motivation moderates the effects.Methods:Sixty-two older adults (M = 75 years old, SD = 5; 61% women) completed 4-mo programs of endurance, functional or strength training, with reassessment of well-being (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, vitality) and physical activity 12 mo later.Results:All groups showed small improvements in most measures of well-being at 4 mo. At follow-up, endurance training still had small beneficial effects, while changes with functional and strength training were generally trivial or harmful. Analysis for moderators indicated that autonomously motivated individuals better maintained gains in well-being and had higher frequencies of physical activity at follow-up compared with controlled individuals.Conclusion:Endurance training is recommended for older adults, but the long-term outcomes depend on the individual’s motivational regulation at commencement.

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