Examining Indirect Associations Between Physical Activity, Function, and Disability in Independent- and Assisted-Living Residents

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 716-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine S. Hall ◽  
Edward McAuley
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background:Few studies have examined physical activity behavior and its associated outcomes in older adults living in retirement communities. Guided by the disablement model and social cognitive theory, we tested a cross-sectional model in which physical activity was hypothesized to influence disability indirectly through self-efficacy, functional performance, and functional limitations.Methods:One hundred six older men and women residing in independent-living (ILF) assisted-living (ALF) facilities completed self-report measures of self-efficacy, function, and disability. Objective assessments of physical activity and functional performance were conducted using waist-mounted accelerometers and the short physical performance battery (SPPB), respectively. Path analysis was used to examine the proposed associations among constructs.Results:Older adults who were more active were also more efficacious and had better physical function and fewer functional limitations. Only higher levels of self-efficacy were associated with less disability. The effects of individual-level covariates were also examined.Conclusions:This cross-sectional study is among the first to examine the associations between physical activity, function, and disability among older adults residing in ILFs and ALFs. Future research addressing the physical and psychological needs of this growing population is warranted.

Functional limitations in older adults: The influence of self-efficacy, physical activity, and functional performance

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Wojcicki ◽  
Neha Gothe ◽  
Erin A. Olson ◽  
Jason T. Fanning ◽  
Elizabeth Awick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Functional Limitations

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Functional Limitations in Older Adults: The Influence of Self-Efficacy and Functional Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 67B (3) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Mullen ◽  
E. McAuley ◽  
W. A. Satariano ◽  
M. Kealey ◽  
T. R. Prohaska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Functional Limitations

scholarly journals Perceived somatic and affective barriers for self-efficacy and physical activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 1850-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M Warner ◽  
Julia K Wolff ◽  
Svenja M Spuling ◽  
Susanne Wurm
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Objective Health ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

According to Bandura’s social-cognitive theory, perceptions of somatic and affective barriers are sources of self-efficacy. This longitudinal study compares general indicators of health barriers with measures of perceived somatic and affective barriers to predict self-efficacy and accelerometer-assessed physical activity in a subsample of n = 153 (selected at random from N = 310) community-dwelling German older adults. Perceived somatic and affective barriers longitudinally predicted physical activity mediated by self-efficacy, whereas general health barriers did not. Perceived health barriers to physical activity might be more important than more objective health barriers for older adults’ physical activity levels.

There's More than Meets the Eye: Complex Associations of Daily Pain, Physical Symptoms, and Self-Efficacy with Activity in Middle and Older Adulthood

Gerontology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel G. Curtis ◽  
Tim D. Windsor ◽  
Jacqueline A. Mogle ◽  
Allison A.M. Bielak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Pain

Background: Participation in activities is associated with a range of positive outcomes in adulthood. Research has shown that pain and physical symptoms are associated with less activity in older adults, whereas higher self-efficacy is associated with more activity. Such research tends to examine cross-sectional or long-term between-person change, limiting the opportunity to explore dynamic within-person processes that unfold over shorter time periods. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) replicate previous between-person associations of self-efficacy with engagement in activity and (2) examine whether daily variation in pain, physical symptoms, and self-efficacy corresponded with daily within-person variation in different types of activity. We predicted that participants would engage in less activity on days when they experienced more pain or physical symptoms than their average (a negative within-person association) and that participants would engage in more activity on days when self-efficacy was higher than average (a positive within-person association). Methods: This study used an online diary study to assess self- reported daily pain, physical symptoms, self-efficacy, and engagement in activity among 185 adults aged 51-84 years for up to 7 days. Multilevel modelling was used to examine whether between-person (average) and daily within-person variability in pain, physical symptoms, and self-efficacy were associated with social, physical, and mental activity. Results: In line with previous research, between-person self-efficacy was positively associated with social and physical activity. Supporting the hypotheses, within-person self-efficacy was also positively associated with social and physical activity. The results for pain and physical symptoms were less consistent. Between-person pain was positively associated with social activity. Age interactions indicated that within-person pain was negatively associated with social activity and positively associated with physical activity among older adults. Within-person physical symptoms were positively related to social and mental activity. Conclusion: Stable individual differences as well as short-term within-person variation in physical and psychological functioning are associated with day-to-day variation in activity. Between-person associations did not always reflect within-person associations (e.g., for pain). These complex associations may be influenced by a range of factors including the type of activity and how it is defined (e.g., specific activities and their difficulty), the type of physical symptoms experienced, and age.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Psychosocial Correlates and Physical Activity in Underserved Adolescent Boys and Girls in the ACT Trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah G. Lawman ◽  
Dawn K. Wilson ◽  
M. Lee Van Horn ◽  
Ken Resnicow ◽  
Heather Kitzman-Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
School Based ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Background:Previous research suggests motivation, enjoyment, and self-efficacy may be important psycho-social factors for understanding physical activity (PA) in youth. While previous studies have shown mixed results, emerging evidence indicates relationships between psychosocial factors and PA may be stronger in boys than girls. This study expands on previous research by examining in the effects of motivation, enjoyment, and self-efficacy on PA in underserved adolescents (low income, ethnic minorities) boys and girls. Based on previous literature, it was hypothesized the effects of motivation, enjoyment, and self-efficacy on moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) would be stronger in boys than in girls.Methods:Baseline cross-sectional data were obtained from a randomized, school-based trial (Active by Choice Today; ACT) in underserved 6th graders (N = 771 girls, 651 boys). Intrapersonal variables for PA were assessed via self-report and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted for each predictor. MVPA was assessed with 7-day accelerometry estimates.Results:Multivariate regression analyses stratified by sex demonstrated a significant positive main effect of self-efficacy and motivation on MVPA for girls. Boys also showed a positive trend for the effect of motivation on MVPA.Conclusions:The results from this study suggest motivation and self-efficacy should be better integrated to facilitate the development of more effective interventions for increasing PA in underserved adolescents.

scholarly journals Testing a longitudinal integrated self-efficacy and self-determination theory model for physical activity post-cardiac rehabilitation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane N. Sweet ◽  
Michelle S. Fortier ◽  
Shaelyn M. Strachan ◽  
Chris M. Blanchard ◽  
Pierre Boulay
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional

Self-determination theory and self-efficacy theory are prominent theories in the physical activity literature, and studies have begun integrating their concepts. Sweet, Fortier, Strachan and Blanchard (2012) have integrated these two theories in a cross-sectional study. Therefore, this study sought to test a longitudinal integrated model to predict physical activity at the end of a 4-month cardiac rehabilitation program based on theory, research and Sweet <em>et al</em>.’s cross-sectional model. Participants from two cardiac rehabilitation programs (N=109) answered validated self-report questionnaires at baseline, two and four months. Data were analyzed using Amos to assess the path analysis and model fit. Prior to integration, perceived competence and self-efficacy were combined, and labeled as confidence. After controlling for 2-month physical activity and cardiac rehabilitation site, no motivational variables significantly predicted residual change in 4-month physical activity. Although confidence at two months did not predict residual change in 4-month physical activity, it had a strong positive relationship with 2-month physical activity (β=0.30, P&lt;0.001). The overall model retained good fit indices. In conclusion, results diverged from theoretical predictions of physical activity, but self-determination and self-efficacy theory were still partially supported. Because the model had good fit, this study demonstrated that theoretical integration is feasible.

scholarly journals Self-Reported Disability: Association With Lower Extremity Performance and Other Determinants in Older Adults Attending Primary Care

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 1628-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabela G. Silva ◽  
Alexandra Queirós ◽  
Pedro Sa-Couto ◽  
Nelson P. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Whodas 2.0 ◽  
Lower Extremity Performance

Background Measurement of function usually involves the use of both performance-based and self-report instruments. However, the relationship between both types of measures is not yet completely understood, in particular for older adults attending primary care. Objective The main objective of the study was to investigate the association between the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) for older adults at primary care. A secondary objective was to determine the influence of sociodemographic and health-related variables on this relationship. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods A total of 504 participants aged 60 years and older from 18 different primary care centers underwent a one-session assessment including: sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, performance, self-reported disability, pain, depressive symptoms, and physical activity. Performance was assessed using the SPPB, and self-reported disability was assessed using the WHODAS 2.0. Results The correlation between WHODAS 2.0 and SPPB scores was strong (r=.65). Regression analysis showed that the SPPB total score explained 41.7% of the variance in WHODAS 2.0 scores (adjusted R2=41.6%). A second model including the SPPB subtests (balance, gait, and sit-to-stand), depressive symptoms, number of pain sites, pain intensity, and level of physical activity explained 61.7% of the variance in WHODAS 2.0 scores (adjusted R2=60.4%). No model improvement was found when considering the 6 WHODAS 2.0 individual domains. Limitations The cross-sectional nature of the study does not allow inferences on causal relationships. Conclusions This study's findings confirm that self-report and performance-based measures relate to different aspects of functioning. Further study is needed to determine if primary care interventions targeting lower extremity performance and depressive symptoms improve self-reported disability.

scholarly journals Reducing Attrition in Physical Activity Programs for Older Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonine Jancey ◽  
Andy Lee ◽  
Peter Howat ◽  
Ann Clarke ◽  
Kui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
The Social

This study investigated attrition in a 6-month physical activity intervention for older adults. The program was based on the social-cognitive theory incorporating self-efficacy factors. Two hundred forty-eight insufficiently active 65- to 74-year-olds were recruited from the Australian federal electoral roll. The intervention comprised walking and strength and flexibility exercises and was conducted in 30 local neighborhoods where the participants resided. Characteristics of individuals lost to attrition (n= 86, 35%) were compared with those of program completers (n= 162, 65%). Logistic-regression analysis showed that those lost to attrition came from areas of lower socioeconomic status, were overweight and less physically active, and had lower walking self-efficacy scores and higher loneliness scores. The results suggest that early assessment of these characteristics should be undertaken to identify individuals at risk of attrition, to improve retention, and to avoid potential bias.

scholarly journals Factors That Influence Physical Activity Among Older Adults Living in Rural Community in Wangthong District, Phitsanulok, Thailand

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402110613
Author(s):  
Nithra Kitreerawutiwong ◽  
Orawan Keeratisiroj ◽  
Sunsanee Mekrungrongwong
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
High Level

This study aimed to assess the individual, interpersonal, and environmental factors that relate to physical activity (PA) among older adults in rural communities in Wangthong district, Phitsanulok, Thailand. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 545 elders by multi-stage sampling. The data were collected via a validated questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify potential determinants of PA. Factors including youngest-old (adjusted OR 1.55, 95% CI [1.05–2.28]), high level of income (adjusted OR 1.89, 95% CI [1.17–3.19]), being a member of the elders’ club (adjusted OR 1.68, 95% CI [1.15–2.46]), and high level of perceived self-efficacy (adjusted OR 1.79, 95% CI [1.23–2.61]) indicated higher likelihood of PA ( p < .05). Interventions to improve PA among older people should include improving physical environmental attributes, creating more inexpensive and less time-consuming alternatives for PA, promoting peer support networks and activities to enhance self-efficacy.

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