Is the Social Physique Anxiety Scale Really Multidimensional? Conceptual and Statistical Arguments for a Unidimensional Model

1997 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen A. Martin ◽  
W. Jack Rejeski ◽  
Mark R. Leary ◽  
Edward McAuley ◽  
Susan Bane
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Model Fit Indices

Recent research has suggested that the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS) is a multidimensional rather than a unidimensional measure. The present study challenged this position on both conceptual and empirical grounds. After deleting three questionable items from the SPAS, a series of confirmatory factor analyses were conducted across four samples of women who had completed the scale. Across all samples, the model fit indices (i.e., all > .90) suggested that a nine-item, single factor model of the SPAS is more parsimonious and conceptually clear than a two-factor model. It is recommended that researchers of social physique anxiety begin to use the nine-item version of the SPAS described in this paper.

Pure Emotion-loaded Materials in the International Affective Digitized Sounds (IADS): A Study on Intensity Ratings in Chinese University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
Jiawei Wang ◽  
Yanli Jia ◽  
Xu Shao ◽  
Chu Wang ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Model Fit Indices

Background: Materials loaded with pure emotion are essential for basic and clinical research on sounds. The International Affective Digitized Sounds (IADS) is one of the widely-used emotional tools, but its materials are not clearly labeled with specific emotions. We have hypothesized that the IADS contains pure vectors of at least disgust, erotica (or erotism), fear, happiness, sadness and neutral emotions. Methods: We therefore selected 48 IADS sounds with saturate emotions, and invited 271 male and 353 female university students to rate the intensity of the emotions conveyed in each sound. The ratings were then analyzed with the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results: Five factors were observed, namely: erotica, fear-sadness, happiness, neutrality, and disgust. Later, as two facets, sounds of fear-sadness were separated. Thirty sounds under six facets were finally retained with good model-fit indices and satisfactory factor internal reliabilities. Moreover, males scored significantly higher on erotica than females did. Conclusion: Our study purified a series of emotion-loaded IADS sounds, which might help clarify the pure effects of sound emotion in future research and clinical management of affective disorders.

scholarly journals A study on development of Perceived Quality-Image Scale in Sports Organizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 2407
Author(s):  
Yeşim Bayrakdaroglu ◽  
Dursun Katkat
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Quality Image ◽  
Model Fit Indices ◽  
Marketing Activities

The purpose of this study is to research how marketing activities of international sports organizations are performed and to develop a scale determining the effects of image management on public. The audiences of interuniversity World Winter Olympic sheld in Erzurum in 2011 participated in the research. Explanatory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, reliability analysis were performed over the data obtained. All model fit indices of 25-item and four-factor structure of quality-image scale perceived in sports organizations applied were found to be at good level. In line with the findings obtained from the explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses and reliability analysis, it can be uttered that the scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used in field researches.

scholarly journals Developing Scale for Determining the Social Participation Skills for Children and Analyzing Its Psychometric Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Osman Samanci ◽  
Ebru Ocakci ◽  
Ismail Secer
Keyword(s):  
Social Participation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The purpose of this research is to conduct validity and reliability studies of the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children, developed to measure social participation skills of children aged 7-10 years. During the development of the scale, pilot schemes, validity analyzes, and reliability analyzes were conducted. In this context, the research was carried out with a total of 472 elementary school students in the ages of 7-10 years using the descriptive survey model. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to examine the factor structure of the scale and it was determined that the scale had a structure consisting of 16 items and one dimension and that this model had a good level of model fit. In order to examine the reliability of the scale, internal consistency and split-half reliability analyzes were performed and it was found that the scale had sufficient reliability. It can be said that the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used to measure the social participation skills of students aged 7-10 years.

Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale–Second Edition Scores Among Chinese Secondary School Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 725-735
Author(s):  
Qingqing Zhu ◽  
Patricia A. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
School Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

The purpose of this study was to adapt the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale–Second Edition (RCMAS-2) into Mandarin and to examine its psychometric properties among Chinese adolescents. The participants included 436 Chinese students in Grades 7 to 12 who were administered the Chinese version of the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS-2-C). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were performed to examine the factor structure of the RCMAS-2-C. Results indicated a modified four-factor model (Worry and Social Anxiety factors combined, Physiological Anxiety, Defensiveness I, and Defensiveness II factors) provided an adequate model fit to the data. Categorical omegas were computed and ranged from .68 to .90 for the RCMAS-2 scale scores. Convergent evidence of validity for the RCMAS-2-C anxiety scores was also found. Implications of the findings of the study for clinicians and researchers are discussed.

Further Psychometric Evaluation of the Fear Questionnaire: Responses of College Students

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1259-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine Osman ◽  
Francisco X. Barrios ◽  
Joylene R. Osman ◽  
Kathy Markway
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
General Psychological Distress ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Using Data

This study presents evidence for the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Fear Questionnaire for college undergraduates. Fit indices of the 4-and 5-factor models identified previously were inadequate. Exploratory principal components analysis identified three factors, using data from Sample 1 ( n = 208). LISREL confirmatory factor analyses supported generalizability of the three-factor model to Sample 2 ( n = 200). Satisfactory reliability coefficients were obtained for the factor-derived subscales. Significant gender differences were obtained on 4 of the 15 items but not on the factor subscales. Finally, we examined the correlations between scores on the scale and on other measures of social anxiety, social desirability, and general psychological distress of the Brief Symptom Inventory. Present results suggest that the Fear Questionnaire is a valuable research instrument for a nonclinical sample.

Latent Structure of the Social Interaction Self-Statement Test: An Application of Hierarchical Confirmatory Factor Analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1303-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehee Hong ◽  
Yongrae Cho
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor

Since the Social Interaction Self-statement Test was presented, a clear factor structure of the measure has not been defined. This situation is largely due to a lack of agreement among researchers with respect to the method of factoring, rotation criteria, and interpretation of factor loadings. The aim of the present study was to evaluate, using confirmatory factor analyses, the various factor models of the test. Results clearly supported a novel second-order factor model, which was developed by combining the current two- and five-factor models.

Mindfulness or Mindlessness?

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkmar Höfling ◽  
Helfried Moosbrugger ◽  
Karin Schermelleh-Engel ◽  
Thomas Heidenreich
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Mindful Attention ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Wording ◽  
Method Effects

The 15 items of the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003 ) are negatively worded and assumed to assess mindfulness. However, there are indications of differences between the original MAAS and a version with the positively rephrased MAAS items (“mirror items”). The present study examines whether the mindfulness facet “mindful attention and awareness” (MAA) can be measured with both positively and negatively worded items if we take method effects due to item wording into account. To this end, the 15 negatively worded items of the MAAS and additionally 13 positively rephrased items were assessed (N = 602). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) models with and without regard to method effects were carried out and evaluated by means of model fit. As a result, the positively and negatively worded items should be seen as different methods that influence the construct validity of mindfulness. Furthermore, a modified version of the MAAS (MAAS-Short) with five negatively worded items (taken from the MAAS) and five positively worded items (“mirror items”) was introduced as an alternative to assess MAA. The MAAS-Short appears superior to the original MAAS. The results and the limitations of the present study are discussed.

Test Anxiety Scale: Reliability among Ethiopian Students

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mohan Raju ◽  
Misganaw Mesfin ◽  
Esa Alia
Keyword(s):  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Preparatory School ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Scale Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Grade 8

Sarason's Test Anxiety Scale, translated into an Ethiopian language, was administered to 391 students in Grade 8 and to 422 students in preparatory school (Grades 11 and 12). In the first sample, 32 items loaded above the 0.3 criterion of acceptable item-remainder correlations and Cronbach alpha of .84. In the second sample, Cronbach alpha was .84 for the 34 items, but only 19 items had acceptable item-remainder correlations. The internal consistency reliabilities were comparable with those reported in the literature. However, the results of confirmatory factor analyses with extraction of four factors did not confirm the item loadings on factors as reported in the literature. Younger students (Grade 8) were found to have higher mean Test Anxiety than Grades 11 and 12 students. The Amharik version of the Test Anxiety Scale as a whole could be considered reliable and useful for Ethiopian students.

scholarly journals PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE COVID-19 INDUCED ANXIETY SCALE AND PROTECTIVE BEHAVIORS TOWARDS COVID-19 SCALE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikmet Yazıcı ◽  
Fatma Altun ◽  
Cansu Tosun ◽  
Münevver Özdemir ◽  
Yasemin Karsantık
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Turkish Language

The purpose of the present study was to adapt COVID-19 Induced Anxiety Scale (CIAS) and Protective Behaviors towards COVID-19 Scale (PBCS) into Turkish language, and to investigate their psychometric properties. 593 adults participated in the study. Data were collected through CIAS and PBCS as well as The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCS). Cronbach alpha (α) and McDonald’s Omega (ω) coefficients were utilized for reliability of the Turkish forms of the scales, and validity of the scales was tested with exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity. The analysis showed that α and ω reliability coefficients of both scales were over .70. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that CIAS had a single factor structure while PBCS had three dimensions as indicated in original forms of the scales. Significant and positive relationships were also found between the scores obtained from CIAS and PBCS and fear scores. To conclude, Turkish forms of CIAS and PBCS were proved to be valid and reliable tools to measure severity of COVID-19 induced anxiety through CIAS and individuals’ protective behaviors towards COVID-19 through PBCS.

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