scholarly journals The Effects of Acute Exercise on Memory and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Etnier ◽  
Laurie Wideman ◽  
Jeffrey D. Labban ◽  
Aaron T. Piepmeier ◽  
Daniel M. Pendleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory

Acute exercise benefits cognition, and some evidence suggests that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a role in this effect. The purpose of this study was to explore the dose–response relationship between exercise intensity, memory, and BDNF. Young adults completed 3 exercise sessions at different intensities relative to ventilator threshold (Vt) (VO2max, Vt – 20%, Vt + 20%). For each session, participants exercised for approximately 30 min. Following exercise, they performed the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) to assess short-term memory, learning, and long-term memory recall. Twenty-four hours later, they completed the RAVLT recognition trial, which provided another measure of long-term memory. Blood was drawn before exercise, immediately postexercise, and after the 30-min recall test. Results indicated that long-term memory as assessed after the 24-hr delay differed as a function of exercise intensity with the largest benefits observed following maximal intensity exercise. BDNF data showed a significant increase in response to exercise; however, there were no differences relative to exercise intensity and there were no significant associations between BDNF and memory. Future research is warranted so that we can better understand how to use exercise to benefit cognitive performance.

Acute Exercise and Sustained Attention on Memory Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
Audreaiona Waters ◽  
Liye Zou ◽  
Myungjin Jung ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Jingyuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Term Memory

Objective: Sustained attention is critical for various activities of daily living, including engaging in health-enhancing behaviors and inhibition of health compromising behaviors. Sustained attention activates neural networks involved in episodic memory function, a critical cognition for healthy living. Acute exercise has been shown to activate these same neural networks. Thus, it is plausible that engaging in a sustained attention task and engaging in a bout of acute exercise may have an additive effect in enhancing memory function, which was the purpose of this experiment. Methods: 23 young adults (Mage = 20.7 years) completed 2 visits, with each visit occurring approximately 24 hours apart, in a counterbalanced order, including: (1) acute exercise with sustained attention, and (2) sustained attention only. Memory was assessed using a word-list paradigm and included a short- and long-term memory assessment. Sustained attention was induced via a sustained attention to response task (SART). Acute exercise involved a 15-minute bout of moderate-intensity exercise. Results: Short-term memory performance was significantly greater than long-term memory, Mdiff = 1.86, p < .001, and short-term memory for Exercise with Sustained Attention was significantly greater than short-term memory for Sustained Attention Only, Mdiff = 1.50, p = .01. Conclusion: Engaging in an acute bout of exercise before a sustained attention task additively influenced short-term memory function.

scholarly journals Exercise and Sodium Butyrate Transform a Subthreshold Learning Event into Long-Term Memory via a Brain-Derived Neurotrophic factor-Dependent Mechanism

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2027-2034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlie A Intlekofer ◽  
Nicole C Berchtold ◽  
Melissa Malvaez ◽  
Anthony J Carlos ◽  
Susan C McQuown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Learning Event ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

Mnestic disorders in long-term high-dose diazepam abuse: a pilot study

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
HG Weeß ◽  
R Steinberg ◽  
M Pritzel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Visual Short Term Memory

SummaryCognitive impairment in long-term high-dose diazepam abusers (dose > 30 mg diazepam/day; duration of abuse > 12 months) was examined by administering four memory-related tests and comparing the outcomes with those of matched controls. Deficits were found in spatial and visual learning, spatial and visual short-term memory (STM) as well as for spatial and visual long-term memory (LTM). As for verbal aspects of memory, solely the acquisition of novel verbal material (verbal learning) was impaired, Furthermore, deficits in a concentration task were observed. In chronic abuse the established memory deficits are similar to cognitive impairment after single doses. Relaxing or anxiety-reducing effects of diazepam were no longer present. The results of this experimental study demonstrate the risks of diazepam use beyond therapeutic range.

scholarly journals Experimental effects of acute exercise on forgetting

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-375
Author(s):  
D.C. Moore ◽  
S. Ryu ◽  
P.D. Loprinzi
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Short And Long Term

AbstractObjectivePrior research has evaluated the effects of acute exercise on episodic memory function. These studies have, on occasion, demonstrated that acute exercise may enhance both short- and long-term memory. It is uncertain as to whether the acute exercise improvements in long-term memory are a result of acute exercise attenuating declines in long-term memory, or rather, are driven by the enhancement effects of acute exercise on short-term memory. The present empirical study evaluates whether the decline from short- to long-term is influenced by acute exercise. This relationship is plausible as exercise has been shown to activate neurophysiological pathways (e.g., RAC1) that are involved in the mechanisms of forgetting.MethodsTo evaluate the effects of acute exercise on forgetting, we used data from 12 of our laboratory's prior experiments (N = 538). Across these 12 experiments, acute exercise ranged from 10 to 15 mins in duration (moderate-to-vigorous intensity). Episodic memory was assessed from word-list or paragraph-based assessments. Short-term memory was assessed immediately after encoding, with long-term memory assessed approximately 20-min later. Forgetting was calculated as the difference in short- and long-term memory performance.ResultsAcute exercise (vs. seated control) was not associated with an attenuated forgetting effect (d = 0.10; 95% CI: −0.04, 0.25, P = 0.17). We observed no evidence of a significant moderation effect (Q = 6.16, df = 17, P = 0.17, I2 = 0.00) for any of the evaluated parameters, including study design, exercise intensity and delay period.ConclusionAcross our 12 experimental studies, acute exercise was not associated with an attenuated forgetting effect. We discuss these implications for future research that evaluates the effects of acute exercise on long-term memory function.

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

Comparison of Auditory, Language, Memory, and Attention Abilities in Children With and Without Listening Difficulties

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-727
Author(s):  
Beula M. Magimairaj ◽  
Naveen K. Nagaraj ◽  
Alexander V. Sergeev ◽  
Natalie J. Benafield
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

Objectives School-age children with and without parent-reported listening difficulties (LiD) were compared on auditory processing, language, memory, and attention abilities. The objective was to extend what is known so far in the literature about children with LiD by using multiple measures and selective novel measures across the above areas. Design Twenty-six children who were reported by their parents as having LiD and 26 age-matched typically developing children completed clinical tests of auditory processing and multiple measures of language, attention, and memory. All children had normal-range pure-tone hearing thresholds bilaterally. Group differences were examined. Results In addition to significantly poorer speech-perception-in-noise scores, children with LiD had reduced speed and accuracy of word retrieval from long-term memory, poorer short-term memory, sentence recall, and inferencing ability. Statistically significant group differences were of moderate effect size; however, standard test scores of children with LiD were not clinically poor. No statistically significant group differences were observed in attention, working memory capacity, vocabulary, and nonverbal IQ. Conclusions Mild signal-to-noise ratio loss, as reflected by the group mean of children with LiD, supported the children's functional listening problems. In addition, children's relative weakness in select areas of language performance, short-term memory, and long-term memory lexical retrieval speed and accuracy added to previous research on evidence-based areas that need to be evaluated in children with LiD who almost always have heterogenous profiles. Importantly, the functional difficulties faced by children with LiD in relation to their test results indicated, to some extent, that commonly used assessments may not be adequately capturing the children's listening challenges. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12808607

The Acute Effect of Alcohol on Various Memory Processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márk Molnár ◽  
Roland Boha ◽  
Balázs Czigler ◽  
Zsófia Anna Gaál
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Legal Consequences

This review surveys relevant and recent data of the pertinent literature regarding the acute effect of alcohol on various kinds of memory processes with special emphasis on working memory. The characteristics of different types of long-term memory (LTM) and short-term memory (STM) processes are summarized with an attempt to relate these to various structures in the brain. LTM is typically impaired by chronic alcohol intake but according to some data a single dose of ethanol may have long lasting effects if administered at a critically important age. The most commonly seen deleterious acute effect of alcohol to STM appears following large doses of ethanol in conditions of “binge drinking” causing the “blackout” phenomenon. However, with the application of various techniques and well-structured behavioral paradigms it is possible to detect, albeit occasionally, subtle changes of cognitive processes even as a result of a low dose of alcohol. These data may be important for the consideration of legal consequences of low-dose ethanol intake in conditions such as driving, etc.

scholarly journals An Approach toward the Development of a Functional Encoding Model of Short Term Memory during Reading

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Mary Anne Herndon
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Information Unit ◽  
Subsequent Storage

In a model of the functioning of short term memory, the encoding of information for subsequent storage in long term memory is simulated. In the encoding process, semantically equivalent paragraphs are detected for recombination into a macro information unit. This recombination process can be used to relieve the limited storage capacity constraint of short term memory and subsequently increase processing efficiency. The results of the simulation give a favorable indication of the success for the use of cluster analysis as a tool to simulate the encoding function in the detection of semantically similar paragraphs.

scholarly journals Remember like humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 172988141769231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning An ◽  
Shi-Ying Sun ◽  
Xiao-Guang Zhao ◽  
Zeng-Guang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sensory Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Observation Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Register

Visual tracking is a challenging computer vision task due to the significant observation changes of the target. By contrast, the tracking task is relatively easy for humans. In this article, we propose a tracker inspired by the cognitive psychological memory mechanism, which decomposes the tracking task into sensory memory register, short-term memory tracker, and long-term memory tracker like humans. The sensory memory register captures information with three-dimensional perception; the short-term memory tracker builds the highly plastic observation model via memory rehearsal; the long-term memory tracker builds the highly stable observation model via memory encoding and retrieval. With the cooperative models, the tracker can easily handle various tracking scenarios. In addition, an appearance-shape learning method is proposed to update the two-dimensional appearance model and three-dimensional shape model appropriately. Extensive experimental results on a large-scale benchmark data set demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art two-dimensional and three-dimensional trackers in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and robustness.

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