Physical Activity and Pulmonary Function in Youth: The Québec Family Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joey C. Eisenmann ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Germain Thériault ◽  
Thomas M.K. Song ◽  
Robert M. Malina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Quebec Family Study ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Activity Diary

The relationship between habitual physical activity and pulmonary function were considered in 424 boys and 366 girls, 9–18 years of age. Indicators of habitual physical activity were assessed using a 3-day activity diary and included estimated daily energy expenditure (EE) and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (METs ≥ 4.8). Pulmonary function was measured according to standard procedures. Relationships were examined with partial correlations and ANCOVA, comparing the highest and lowest quartiles of EE and MVPA. When age and stature are statistically controlled, relationships between EE, MVPA, and pulmonary function was generally low and not significant, with the exception of FEV1% in 16–18-year-old girls (r ≤ −0.28). Youth in the highest and lowest quartiles of EE and MVPA do not differ in pulmonary function, except for PEER in 9–12-year-old boys, and FEV1% in 16–18-year-old boys, which are slightly greater (1–3%) in the less active group. These findings indicate that lung volumes, capacities, and flow rates are not consistently related to estimated habitual physical activity in a general, free-living population of youth.

ACE I/D Genotype, Habitual Physical Activity, and Blood Pressure in Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Sarzynski ◽  
Joey C. Eisenmann ◽  
Gregory J. Welk ◽  
Jared Tucker ◽  
Kim Glenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Resting Blood Pressure ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Ace Genotype ◽  
The Relationship

The present study examined the association between the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, physical activity, and resting blood pressure (BP) in a sample of 132 children (48.4% female). Children attaining 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) possessed lower % body fat (29% vs 24%, p < .05). Resting BP did not significantly differ between genotypes. Furthermore, partial correlations between MVPA and BP were low and did not vary by ACE genotype. Thus, the ACE I/D genotype is not associated with BP and does not modify the relationship between physical activity and BP in this sample of children.

scholarly journals Multi-Component Intervention Program on Habitual Physical Activity Parameters and Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6240
Author(s):  
Min-Ki Jeong ◽  
Kyung-Won Park ◽  
Je-Kwang Ryu ◽  
Gwon-Min Kim ◽  
Hyun-Hun Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test

Age-related dementia refers to a state in which someone experiences multiple cognitive function impairment due to degenerative brain disease, and which causes difficulties in their daily life or social life. Dementia is the most common and serious obstacle in later life. Early intervention in the case of patients who are in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage among the high-risk group can maintain and improve their cognitive function. The purpose of the current trial is aimed at investigating the association between a multi-component (exercise with cognitive) intervention program and habitual physical activity parameters on cognitive functions in MCI patients. Neuropsychological cognitive and depression assessments were performed by neuropsychologists according to normalized methods, including the Korean mini-mental State examination (K-MMSE) and modified Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) and cognitive assessment tool (attention, processing speed), and the Korean version of the geriatric depression scale (SGDS-K), both at baseline and at a 12 weeks follow-up. The 12-week multi-component intervention improved cognitive function and habitual physical activity parameters in patients with MCI relative to controls. A multi-component intervention program for patients with MCI is considered to be an effective method of dementia prevention by improving global (ADAS-Cog) and frontal (trail-making test, digit symbol substitution test) cognition and habitual physical activity parameters such as moderate to vigorous physical activity and step count. In addition, it is important to encourage habitual physical activities to ensure that exercise intervention strategies are carried out at the duration and intensity required for improving physical and cognitive wellbeing and obtaining health benefits.

scholarly journals Moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity modifies the relationship between sedentary time and sarcopenia: the Tromsø Study 2015–2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Johansson ◽  
Bente Morseth ◽  
David Scott ◽  
Bjørn Heine Strand ◽  
Laila A. Hopstock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Cannabis use, sedentary behavior, and physical activity in a nationally representative sample of US adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Q. Ong ◽  
John Bellettiere ◽  
Citlali Alvarado ◽  
Paul Chavez ◽  
Vincent Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Potential Public Health

Abstract Background Prior research examining the relationship between cannabis use, sedentary behavior, and physical activity has generated conflicting findings, potentially due to biases in the self-reported measures used to assess physical activity. This study aimed to more precisely explore the relationship between cannabis use and sedentary behavior/physical activity using objective measures. Methods Data were obtained from the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 2,092 participants (ages 20–59; 48.8% female) had accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior, light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Participants were classified as light, moderate, frequent, or non-current cannabis users depending on how often they used cannabis in the previous 30 days. Multivariable linear regression estimated minutes in sedentary behavior/physical activity by cannabis use status. Logistic regression modeled self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in relation to current cannabis use. Results Fully adjusted regression models indicated that current cannabis users’ accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior did not significantly differ from non-current users. Frequent cannabis users engaged in more physical activity than non-current users. Light cannabis users had greater odds of self-reporting physical activity compared to non-current users. Conclusions This study is the first to evaluate the relationship between cannabis use and accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity. Such objective measures should be used in other cohorts to replicate our findings that cannabis use is associated with greater physical activity and not associated with sedentary behavior in order to fully assess the potential public health impact of increases in cannabis use.

scholarly journals The Positive Relationship between Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and Bone Mineral Content Is Not Mediated by Free Leptin Index in Prepubertal Children: The PANIC Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5365
Author(s):  
Annie M. Constable ◽  
Josie E. Porter ◽  
Danielle Benger ◽  
Dimitris Vlachopoulos ◽  
Alan R. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) positively influences bone mineral content (BMC) in prepubertal children, but it is unknown whether this relationship is partially mediated by free leptin index. The aim of this study was to examine whether the relationship between MVPA and total body less head (TBLH) BMC is mediated or moderated by free leptin index in prepubertal children. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis on 401 children (194 girls) from baseline examinations of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Childhood Study. We applied the four-way decomposition mediation analysis method to assess whether free leptin index, measured from fasted blood samples, mediated the relationship between accelerometer-measured MVPA and TBLH BMC measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: MVPA had a positive controlled direct effect on TBLH BMC in girls and boys (β = 0.010 to 0.011, p < 0.05). There was no mediation or interaction between MVPA, free leptin index and TBLH BMC in girls or boys (β = −0.000 to 0.001, p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our study indicates that MVPA positively influences TBLH BMC through pathways not related to free leptin index in predominantly normal-weight prepubertal children, likely primarily through mechanical loading. The relationships between MVPA, free leptin index and TBLH BMC may be influenced by other factors such as pubertal status and adiposity, so it is unknown whether these observations extend to overweight and obese children at different stages of puberty.

Maternal Prepregnancy Overweight and Offspring Fatness and Blood Pressure: Role of Physical Activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joey C. Eisenman ◽  
Mark A. Sarzynski ◽  
Jerod Tucker ◽  
Kate A. Heelan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Prepregnancy Bmi ◽  
Maternal Overweight ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine if offspring physical activity may affect the relationship between maternal overweight and offspring fatness and blood pressure (BP). Subjects included 144 maternal-child pairs (n = 74 boys and 70 girls, mean age = 7.3 yrs). Maternal prepregnancy BMI was determined by self-report. Offspring characteristics included resting systolic and diastolic BP, body fatness by dual energy x-ray absorbtiometry, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) using the Actigraph accelerometer. Children whose mothers were overweight or obese prepregnancy (Prepreg OW) were significantly larger and fatter than children from mothers with a normal prepregnancy BMI (Prepreg NORM). Prepreg OW children also had higher mean arterial pressure than Prepreg NORM children. BP values were not different across maternal Prepreg BMI/MVPA groups. Percent fat was significantly different across Prepreg BMI/MVPA groups. Prepreg OW children that did not meet the daily recommended value of MVPA were the fattest. Prepreg OW children that attained 360 min of MVPA/day had a mean percent body fat that was similar to Prepreg NORM children of either MVPA group.

The Relationship Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Salivary Cortisol, and the Metabolic Syndrome Score in Girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina D. DuBose ◽  
Andrew J. McKune
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between physical activity levels, salivary cortisol, and the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) score was examined. Twenty-three girls (8.4 ± 0.9 years) had a fasting blood draw, waist circumference and blood pressure measured, and wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for 5 days. Saliva samples were collected to measure cortisol levels. Previously established cut points estimated the minutes spent in moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. A continuous MetSyn score was created from blood pressure, waist circumference, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride, and glucose values. Correlation analyses examined associations between physical activity, cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components. Regression analysis examined the relationship between cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components adjusting for physical activity, percent body fat, and sexual maturity. Vigorous physical activity was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol values. The MetSyn score was not related with cortisol values after controlling for confounders. In contrast, HDL was negatively related with 30 min post waking cortisol. Triglyceride was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol and area under the curve. The MetSyn score and many of its components were not related to cortisol salivary levels even after adjusting for physical activity, body fat percentage, and sexual maturity.

scholarly journals Leading by Example: Association Between Mother and Child Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Brad R. Julius ◽  
Amy M.J. O’Shea ◽  
Shelby L. Francis ◽  
Kathleen F. Janz ◽  
Helena Laroche
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Low Income Mothers ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The authors examined the relationship between mother and child activity. Methods: The authors compared moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time of low-income mothers with obesity and their 6- to 12-year-old children on week (WD) and weekend (WE) days. A total of 196 mother–child pairs wore accelerometers simultaneously for a week. Mothers completed questionnaires. Spearman correlation and multivariate regression were used. Results: WE MVPA (accelerometry) was significantly correlated between mothers with children aged 6–7 (rs = .35) and daughters (rs = .27). Self-reported maternal PA time spent with one of their children was significantly correlated with the WE MVPA of all children (rs = .21) and children aged 8–10 (rs = .22) and with the WD MVPA of all children (rs = .15), children aged 8–10 (rs = .23), aged 11–12 (rs = .52), and daughters (rs = .37), and inversely correlated to the WD sedentary time of all children (rs = −.21), children aged 8–10 (rs = −.30), aged 11–12 (rs = −.34), daughters (rs = −.26), and sons (rs = −.22). In multivariate regression, significant associations were identified between reported child–mother PA time together and child MVPA and sedentary time (accelerometry). Conclusions: Mothers may influence the PA levels of their children with the strongest associations found in children aged 6–7 and daughters. Mother–child coparticipation in PA may lead to increased child MVPA and decreased sedentary behavior.

A Network Perspective on the Relationship Between Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Fundamental Motor Skills in Early Childhood

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Thaynã Alves Bezerra ◽  
Paulo Felipe Ribeiro Bandeira ◽  
Anastácio Neco de Souza Filho ◽  
Cain Craig Truman Clark ◽  
Jorge Augusto Pinto Silva Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonlinear Characteristics ◽  
Main Variable ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The relationship between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and fundamental motor skill (FMS) is inconsistent in early childhood, due to its complex and nonlinear characteristics. This study aimed to analyze the nonlinear relationships between MVPA, FMS, body mass index (BMI), sex, and age in preschoolers. Methods: This cross-sectional study with preschoolers (n = 204; 4.0 [0.8] y old; 99 boys), provided objective physical activity data, FMS assessments, and BMI. The associations between MVPA, FMS, BMI, sex, and age were explored using the network analysis (RStudio and qgraph). Results: Boys were more motor competent than girls in all FMS skills, while girls were more active than boys during the weekend. Older children were less active than their younger peers during these days. MVPA is weak and differently related to each FMS, and the leap skill emerged with the highest betweenness and strength values in the network. Conclusions: For the assessed preschoolers, when considering BMI, age, and sex, the relationships between MVPA and FMS are inconsistent, and leap emerged as the main variable. During early childhood, these variables are connected as part of a complex system in which each skill has a dynamic role within the emerging pattern.

Investigating the Measurement of Physical Activity and Associated Factors in Youth and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mayara S. Bianchim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Cut Points ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crucial Part

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a multisystemic condition that affects almost every organ in the body, but especially the lungs. Regular physical activity (PA) can significantly slow disease progression and has become a crucial part of CF care. Previous research evaluating PA in CF has been hindered by the use of cut-points developed for healthy populations and the investigation of collinear movement behaviours as independent entities, both of which are likely to have confounded their findings and any subsequent inferences regarding associated health outcomes. Therefore, the overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the measurement and analysis of PA in those with CF. An initial systematic review provided recommendations for research calibrating accelerometry in paediatric clinical populations, highlighting that the pathophysiology of the condition must be accounted for and that the protocol should include a broad range of activities varying in intensity (Chapter 4). Subsequently, Chapter 5 developed and cross-validated raw acceleration CF-specific cut-points in youth which were then further assessed in Chapter 6, demonstrating that the CF-specific thresholds were associated with higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (SED) and lower levels of light PA compared to generic cut-points. Furthermore, lung function was associated with light PA when using condition-specific thresholds. Further investigation of the relationship between PA and health in Chapter 7 found that reallocating time from sedentary to any other behaviour was beneficial for lung function, with the greatest improvements observed when SED was reallocated to sleep or MVPA. Finally, Chapter 8 developed and validated machine learning algorithms that achieved excellent accuracy to classify PA types and intensities in youth with CF. In conclusion, these findings significantly advance the assessment of PA, enhancing our understanding of the relationship between PA and health in CF and informing future condition-specific PA guidelines, care strategies and interventions.

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