Violence and High School Sports Participation

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Levin ◽  
Edward A. Smith ◽  
Linda L. Caldwell ◽  
Jennifer Kimbrough
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Contact Sport ◽  
School Students ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
Delinquent Behaviors ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Males And Females

This study sought to examine whether athletes are more violent, delinquent, or both than their nonathlete classmates. Survey data from 2,436 high school students indicated no significant differences for violent or delinquent behaviors between athletes and nonathletes. However, analysis of the data by the type of sport indicated noncontact sport athletes were less likely to engage in various violent and delinquent behaviors than were contact sport athletes and nonathletes. These relationships were found for both males and females. Noncontact sports may provide some protective effect with regards to violence and delinquency that contact sports do not.

scholarly journals Understanding High School Students’ Sports Participation

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 121-144
Author(s):  
Angela Cora Garcia
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Students ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
High School Experiences ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract In this paper we conducted a qualitative analysis of twenty-eight semi-structured interviews of college students. Interviewees were asked about their high school experiences with sports in order to discover the main factors leading to positive or negative experiences. We found that the influence of family and friends and the opportunity to participate in a competitive activity were the two most important positive aspects of students’ high school sports experiences. The most prevalent negative aspect of high school sports participation was a problematic experience with a coach. While both friends and family influenced students’ decisions to initiate and maintain participation in sports while in high school, family influence was much stronger than the influence of friends. Given the need to expand physical fitness on a national and global level, greater understanding of the factors impacting sports participation will be useful to a wide range of stakeholders, including students, teachers and educational institutions, and policy makers.

Participation in High School Sports and Adolescent Sexual Activity

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A. Smith ◽  
Linda L. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
School Students ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Southern City ◽  
Adolescent Sexual Activity

Survey data from 1,071 high school students in a large southern city indicated that high school sports participants were more likely to be sexually active than were nonparticipants. This result was true for both males (66% vs. 52%) and females (52% vs. 36%) and was independent of the sport in which the adolescent participated. This finding suggests that high school teams may provide an opportunity for reaching teenagers in need of sex education counseling.

scholarly journals An Epidemiologic Comparison of High School Sports Injuries Sustained in Practice and Competition

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Rechel ◽  
Ellen E. Yard ◽  
R. Dawn Comstock
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
School Students ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
School Year ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Context: More than 7 million US high school students play sports. Objective: To compare practice and competition injury rates and patterns in 5 boys' sports (football, soccer, basketball, wrestling, and baseball) and 4 girls' sports (soccer, volleyball, basketball, and softball) during the 2005–2006 school year. Design: Prospective injury surveillance study. Setting: Injury data were collected from 100 nationally representative United States high schools via High School RIO (Reporting Information Online). Patients or Other Participants: Athletes from participating high schools injured while participating in a school-sanctioned practice or competition in one of the above sports. Main Outcome Measure(s): Practice and competition injury rates, body site, diagnosis, and severity. Results: High school athletes participating in these 9 sports at participating schools sustained 4350 injuries during the 2005–2006 school year, which corresponds to an estimated 1 442 533 injuries nationally. The rate of injury per 1000 athlete-exposures was higher in competition (4.63) than in practice (1.69) (rate ratio [RR]  =  2.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]  =  2.58, 2.90). Of all sports, football had the highest competition (12.09) and practice (2.54) injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures. Compared with injuries sustained during practice, higher proportions of competition injuries were head/face/neck injuries (proportion ratio [PR]  =  1.61, 95% CI  =  1.34, 1.94), particularly in boys' soccer (PR  =  7.74, 95% CI  =  2.53, 23.65) and girls' basketball (PR  =  6.03, 95% CI  =  2.39, 15.22). Competition injuries were more likely to be concussions (PR  =  2.02, 95% CI  =  1.56, 2.62), especially in boys' soccer (PR  =  6.94, 95% CI  =  2.01, 23.95) and girls' basketball (PR  =  5.83, 95% CI  =  2.06, 16.49). Higher proportions of competition injuries caused the athlete to miss more than 3 weeks of play (PR  =  1.28, 95% CI  =  1.08, 1.52), particularly in baseball (PR  =  3.47, 95% CI  =  1.48, 8.11) and volleyball (PR  =  2.88, 95% CI  =  1.01, 8.24). Conclusions: Rates and patterns of high school sport injuries differed between practice and competition. Providing athletic trainers with this information is a crucial step in developing the targeted, evidence-based interventions required to effectively reduce injury rates among the millions of high school student-athletes.

scholarly journals Predictors of Motivation to Coach in High School Students and Adult Coaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Merry J. Sleigh ◽  
Donna Webster Nelson ◽  
Alyssa M. Nelson ◽  
Darren R. Ritzer
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
High School Experiences ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Performance Events ◽  
School Events ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sports Coaches

We conducted two studies to investigate predictors of coaching motivation. In Study One, we focused on variables linked to coaching motivation and burnout in adult sports coaches. We examined high school extracurricular experiences, and coaching engagement. Positive interpersonal events experienced during high school predicted coaching motivation and a motivation. Positive interpersonal and performance events in high school predicted feelings of reduced accomplishment, while negative interpersonal and performance events in high school predicted physical exhaustion. Two aspects of coaching engagement, vigor and absorption predicted coaching motivation. Thus, coaches’ motivation was predicted by both high school and current coaching events. In Study Two, we examined whether the same high school events predicted a desire to coach in recent high school graduates. Participants retrospectively reported participation in high school sports or heavy investment in alternate activities (e.g., marching band). For both groups, identification with the activity and dedication to the activity predicted a desire to coach. A desire to coach was not predicted by high school extracurricular events. Our findings indicate that high school experiences exerted differential effects on recent graduates versus adult coaches in terms of attitudes toward coaching.

scholarly journals 102 Extracurricular Activity Involvement and Depression Among High School Students

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Waler ◽  
Lindsay Taliaferro
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Student Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract:Introduction:While physical activity has been shown to promote positive mental health and aid in treatment, the association between involvement in other activities and depressive symptoms among adolescents remains unclear. We sought to fill a gap in the literature by examining relationships between involvement in sports, art, and leadership activities during high school and depressive symptoms among adolescents. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that all types of involvement would be associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms.Methods:We performed a secondary data analysis using the 2016 Minnesota Student Survey, a population-based survey of students in grades 9 and 11 (N=81,885). Descriptive sample statistics (e.g., frequencies) and chi-square tests, stratified by sex, were used to examine relationships between depressive symptoms and involvement in different extracurricular activities among males and females. Analyses were performed using SPSS.Results:For males and females, involvement in sports was associated with lower levels of depression, compared to non-involvement. Compared to males who did not participate in arts (16.6%), those who did were significantly more likely to report depressive symptoms (21.2%). In addition, females involved in leadership activities were significantly less likely to report depressive symptoms (21.9%) than those who were not involved in these activities (28.7%). Consistent with previous research, females were more likely to report depressive symptoms than males. Females also were more likely to participate in arts and leadership activities.Conclusion:For males and females, sports participation, and for females, involvement in leadership activities, may represent protective factors against depressive symptoms during adolescence. However, clinicians might consider inquiring about depressive symptoms among adolescent males involved in art-related activities.

Examining the effect of sports participation motive on aggression

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 613-619
Author(s):  
Sermet Toktas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Motivation To Participate

This study aims to investigate the relationship between aggression and sports participation motives of Sports High School students in Adıyaman, Kahramanmaraş, and Malatya provinces in Turkey. 575 Sports High School students, including 385 males and 190 females, participated in our research. Surveys used to measure variables included a 30-item sports participation motivation scale a 30-item “aggression inventory”. Reliability and validity studies of the sport participation motive scale were done by Gill et al, and it was determined that Cronbach's alpha coefficients were between 0.30 and 0.78 for the sub-dimensions. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient of the aggression scale was calculated as .83. According to our findings, there was a moderately positive relationship between assertiveness, which is the sub-dimension of aggression, and competition, and friends, which is the sub-dimension of the motivation to participate in sports. A moderately significant negative correlation was found with the sub-dimensions of aggression and entertainment, which is the sub-dimension of the motivation to participate in sports. A moderately significant positive relationship was found with destructive aggression, which is the sub-dimensions of aggression, and success and status, and competition, which are the sub-dimensions of participation in sports.

scholarly journals Concussion Epidemiology in Youth Sports: Sports Study of a Statewide High School Sports Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Chun ◽  
Troy Furutani ◽  
Ross Oshiro ◽  
Casey Young ◽  
Gale Prentiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Injury Reporting ◽  
The Impact

Background: Current research on concussion incidence in youth athletes (age <18 years) is small and limited by variability in injury reporting and diagnostic methodology. Hypothesis: Concussion injuries commonly occur in high school sports programs. The likelihood of concussion among student-athletes (aged 13-18 years) depends on the sport they are participating in as well as the sex of the athlete. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all Hawaii high school athletes aged 13 to 18 years participating in 14 sports from 2011 through 2017 was performed as part of a statewide standardized concussion assessment and management program. Results: A total of 5993 concussions were identified among 92,966 athletes. The overall concussion rate was 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94-0.99). Girls’ judo had the highest concussion rate (1.92; 95% CI, 1.68-2.17) followed by football (1.60; 95% CI, 1.53-1.66). The concussion rate for boys (1.0; 95% CI, 0.97-1.03) was higher than that for girls (0.91; 95% CI, 0.87-0.95); however, in 4 of the 5 sports in which both girls and boys participated, girls had a higher rate of concussion injury. Conclusion: The likelihood of concussion among student-athletes aged 13 to 18 years may be higher than previously thought and varies depending on sport and sex. Clinical Relevance: Epidemiologic data on concussion injury in children and adolescents are useful in accurately determining the relative risks of high school sports participation and may be valuable in determining the appropriate allocation of health care and scholastic resources for student-athletes, as well as the impact of rule and training modifications designed to improve participant safety.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Sport-Related Concussions in High School Athletes: National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION), 2011–2012 Through 2013–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. O'Connor ◽  
Melissa M. Baker ◽  
Sara L. Dalton ◽  
Thomas P. Dompier ◽  
Steven P. Broglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Descriptive Epidemiology ◽  
Epidemiology Study ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Exposure Data ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context:Sports participation is one of the leading causes of concussions among nearly 8 million US high school student-athletes.Objective:To describe the epidemiology of sport-related concussion (SRC) in 27 high school sports during the 2011–2012 through 2013–2014 academic years.Design:Descriptive epidemiology study.Setting:Aggregate injury and exposure data from 27 sports in 147 high schools in the National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION).Patients or Other Participants:Boy and girl high school athletes during the 2011–2012 through 2013–2014 academic years.Main Outcome Measure(s):Sport-related concussion counts, percentages, rates per 10 000 athlete-exposures (AEs), rate ratios (RRs), and injury proportion ratios (IPRs) were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Rate ratios and IPRs with 95% CIs not containing 1.0 were considered significant.Results:Overall, 2004 SRCs were reported among 27 high school sports, for a rate of 3.89 per 10 000 AEs. Football had the highest SRC rate (9.21/10 000 AEs), followed by boys' lacrosse (6.65/10 000 AEs) and girls' soccer (6.11/10 000 AEs). The SRC rate was higher in competition than in practice (RR = 3.30; 95% CI = 3.02, 3.60). Among sex-comparable sports, the SRC rate was higher in girls than in boys (RR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.34, 1.81); however, the proportion of SRCs due to player-to-player contact was higher in boys than in girls (IPR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.27, 1.73). Common symptoms reported among all athletes with SRCs were headache (94.7%), dizziness (74.8%), and difficulty concentrating (61.0%). Only 0.8% of players with SRCs returned to play within 24 hours. The majority of athletes with SRCs (65.8%) returned to play between 7 and 28 days. More players had symptoms resolve after 7 days (48.8%) than less than a week (40.7%).Conclusions:Our findings provide updated high school SRC incidence estimates and further evidence of sex differences in reported SRCs. Few athletes with SRCs returned to play within 24 hours or a week. Most injured players returned after 7 days, despite a smaller proportion having symptoms resolve within a week.

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