scholarly journals Role of Ca2+ transients at the node of the mouse embryo in breaking of left-right symmetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (30) ◽  
pp. eaba1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsutoshi Mizuno ◽  
Kei Shiozawa ◽  
Takanobu A. Katoh ◽  
Katsura Minegishi ◽  
Takahiro Ide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Extracellular Signals ◽  
Flow Sensing ◽  
Immotile Cilia ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
R Symmetry

Immotile cilia sense extracellular signals such as fluid flow, but whether Ca2+ plays a role in flow sensing has been unclear. Here, we examined the role of ciliary Ca2+ in the flow sensing that initiates the breaking of left-right (L-R) symmetry in the mouse embryo. Intraciliary and cytoplasmic Ca2+ transients were detected in the crown cells at the node. These Ca2+ transients showed L-R asymmetry, which was lost in the absence of fluid flow or the PKD2 channel. Further characterization allowed classification of the Ca2+ transients into two types: cilium-derived, L-R-asymmetric transients (type 1) and cilium-independent transients without an L-R bias (type 2). Type 1 intraciliary transients occurred preferentially at the left posterior region of the node, where L-R symmetry breaking takes place. Suppression of intraciliary Ca2+ transients delayed L-R symmetry breaking. Our results implicate cilium-derived Ca2+ transients in crown cells in initiation of L-R symmetry breaking in the mouse embryo.

scholarly journals Fluid flow-induced left-right asymmetric decay of Dand5 mRNA in the mouse embryo requires Bicc1-Ccr4 RNA degradation complex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsura Minegishi ◽  
Benjamin Rothé ◽  
Kaoru R. Komatsu ◽  
Hiroki Ono ◽  
Yayoi Ikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Mrna Decay ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Rna Degradation ◽  
Immotile Cilia ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Nucleotide Region

SUMMARYMolecular left-right (L-R) asymmetry is established at the node of the mouse embryo as a result of the sensing of a leftward fluid flow by immotile cilia of perinodal crown cells and the consequent degradation of Dand5 mRNA on the left side. We here examined how the fluid flow induces Dand5 mRNA decay. We found that the 3’ untranslated region (3’-UTR) of Dand5 mRNA is necessary and sufficient for the left-sided decay and is responsive to the flow direction, loss of the cation channel Pkd2, and Ca2+. The 200-nucleotide proximal-most portion of the 3’-UTR, which is conserved among mammals, is essential for the asymmetric mRNA decay and binds Bicc1, an RNA binding protein specifically expressed at the node. Bicc1 preferentially recognizes GAC and GACR sequences in RNA, and these motifs are enriched in the 200-nucleotide region of the Dand5 3’-UTR. The Cnot3 component of the Ccr4-Not deadenylase complex interacts with Bicc1 and is also required for Dand5 mRNA decay at the node. Our results thus suggest that leftward fluid flow induces binding of Bicc1 to the 3’-UTR of Dand5 mRNA in crown cells on the left side of the node, and that consequent recruitment of Ccr4-Not mediates mRNA degradation.

scholarly journals Fluid flow-induced left-right asymmetric decay of Dand5 mRNA in the mouse embryo requires a Bicc1-Ccr4 RNA degradation complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsura Minegishi ◽  
Benjamin Rothé ◽  
Kaoru R. Komatsu ◽  
Hiroki Ono ◽  
Yayoi Ikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Mrna Decay ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Rna Degradation ◽  
Immotile Cilia ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

AbstractMolecular left-right (L-R) asymmetry is established at the node of the mouse embryo as a result of the sensing of a leftward fluid flow by immotile cilia of perinodal crown cells and the consequent degradation of Dand5 mRNA on the left side. We here examined how the fluid flow induces Dand5 mRNA decay. We found that the first 200 nucleotides in the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of Dand5 mRNA are necessary and sufficient for the left-sided decay and to mediate the response of a 3′-UTR reporter transgene to Ca2+, the cation channel Pkd2, the RNA-binding protein Bicc1 and their regulation by the flow direction. We show that Bicc1 preferentially recognizes GACR and YGAC sequences, which can explain the specific binding to a conserved GACGUGAC motif located in the proximal Dand5 3′-UTR. The Cnot3 component of the Ccr4-Not deadenylase complex interacts with Bicc1 and is also required for Dand5 mRNA decay at the node. These results suggest that Ca2+ currents induced by leftward fluid flow stimulate Bicc1 and Ccr4-Not to mediate Dand5 mRNA degradation specifically on the left side of the node.

Centrosome Aurora A gradient ensures single polarity axis in C. elegans embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Kapoor ◽  
Sachin Kotak
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Axis Formation ◽  
Aurora A Kinase ◽  
Aurora A ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Cell Embryo ◽  
Polarity Establishment

Cellular asymmetries are vital for generating cell fate diversity during development and in stem cells. In the newly fertilized Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, centrosomes are responsible for polarity establishment, i.e. anterior–posterior body axis formation. The signal for polarity originates from the centrosomes and is transmitted to the cell cortex, where it disassembles the actomyosin network. This event leads to symmetry breaking and the establishment of distinct domains of evolutionarily conserved PAR proteins. However, the identity of an essential component that localizes to the centrosomes and promotes symmetry breaking was unknown. Recent work has uncovered that the loss of Aurora A kinase (AIR-1 in C. elegans and hereafter referred to as Aurora A) in the one-cell embryo disrupts stereotypical actomyosin-based cortical flows that occur at the time of polarity establishment. This misregulation of actomyosin flow dynamics results in the occurrence of two polarity axes. Notably, the role of Aurora A in ensuring a single polarity axis is independent of its well-established function in centrosome maturation. The mechanism by which Aurora A directs symmetry breaking is likely through direct regulation of Rho-dependent contractility. In this mini-review, we will discuss the unconventional role of Aurora A kinase in polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos and propose a refined model of centrosome-dependent symmetry breaking.

Role of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A136-A137
Author(s):  
K TSAMAKIDES ◽  
E PANOTOPOULOU ◽  
D DIMITROULOPOULOS ◽  
M CHRISTOPOULO ◽  
D XINOPOULOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Simplex Virus

The role of stress and coping in the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus among college students

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer Thomas ◽  
John Moring ◽  
Anne Bowen ◽  
Adara Lindt ◽  
Victoria Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
College Students ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
And Coping

The Role of Secrecy and Disclosure in Type 1 Diabetes Adherence and Glycemic Control

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Osborn ◽  
C. A. Berg ◽  
A. E. Hughes ◽  
P. Pham ◽  
D. J. Wiebe
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control

Dissecting the role of Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor type 1 in Alzheimer's Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Lerche ◽  
M Willem ◽  
K Kleinknecht ◽  
C Romberg ◽  
U Konietzko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Receptor Type ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone

The role of hepatic 11[b]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in cholesterol homeostasis

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Kajal Manwani ◽  
Tak Y Man ◽  
Christopher J Kenyon ◽  
Ruth Andrew ◽  
Karen E Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis

Investigating the Role of CD137 Ligand in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 317-OR
Author(s):  
BARDEES FODA ◽  
MATTHEW H. FORSBERG ◽  
ASHLEY E. CIECKO ◽  
KEVIN W. MUELLER ◽  
ARON GEURTS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document