Total Luminous Flux: A Possible Response Determinant for the Normal Monkey

This work contains analysis of characteristics of automobile lamps by Philips, KOITO, ETI flip chip LEDs, Osram, General Electric (GE), Gtinthebox, OSLAMPledbulbs with H1, H4, H7, H11 caps: luminous flux, luminous efficacy, correlated colour temperature. Characteristics of the studied samples are analysed before the operation of the lamps. The analysis of the calculation results allows us to make a conclusion that the values of correlated colour temperature of halogen lamps are close to the parameters declared by manufacturers. The analysis of the study results has shown that, based on actual values of correlated colour temperature, it is not advisable to use LED lamps in unfavourable weather conditions (such as rain, fog, snow). The results of the study demonstrate that there is a slight dispersion of actual values of luminous flux of halogen lamps by different manufacturers. Maximum variation between values of luminous flux of different lamps does not exceed 14 %. The analysis of the measurement results has shown that actual values of luminous flux of all halogen lamps comply with the mandatory rules specified in the UN/ECE Regulation No. 37 and luminous flux of LED lamps exceeds maximum allowable value by more than 8 %. Luminous efficacy of LED lamps is higher than that of halogen lamps: more than 82 lm/W and lower power consumption. The results of the measurements have shown that power consumption of a LED automobile lamp is lower than that of similar halogen lamps by 3 times and their luminous efficacy is higher by 5 times.

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Analysis of Characteristics of LED Lamps with T8 Bulb by Various Manufacturers

Light & Engineering ◽

10.33383/2018-112 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 82-87

Author(s):

Nina P. Nestyorkina ◽

Olga Yu. Kovalenko ◽

Yulia A. Zhuravlyova

Keyword(s):

Supply Voltage ◽

Luminous Flux ◽

Supply Network ◽

Operational Characteristics ◽

Nominal Voltage ◽

Electric Parameters ◽

The Moment ◽

Colour Rendering

The article analyses the operational characteristics of 10W LED lamps with T8 bulb manufactured by ASD (Russia), Smartbuy (Taiwan), and VOLPE (PRC) and 18W FL with T8 bulb manufactured by PHILIPS (Poland) including the dependence of these lamps on the supply voltage. The results of measurements show that: a) the period of stabilisation of electric parameters and luminous flux of LED lamps does not cause discomfort of illumination unlike the said FL, the luminous flux of which at the moment of switching on is 70 % of the nominal value, which is reached after 13 minutes; b) with nominal voltage of supply network, the value of luminous flux of 10W ASD LED-T8R-STD LED lamp (Russia) is 6 % less than the declared one, and that of Smartbuy SBL-T8-10-64K-A (Taiwan) and VOLPE LED-T8-10W/DW/G13/FR/FIX/N (PRC) is even less; c) the general colour rendering index of all studied LED lamps is less than the declared one (72 instead of 80); d) the flicker index of all studied LED lamps does not exceed the declared value of 5 %; e) the characteristics of LED lamps almost do not depend on changes of the supply voltage within the range of ±10 %. The recommendations regarding the application of the studied LED lamps are given.

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Luminous Flux and Chromaticity Maintenance for Select High-Power Color Light-Emitting Diodes

10.2172/1512374 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Lynn Davis ◽

Kelley Rountree ◽

Karmann Mills

Keyword(s):

High Power ◽

Light Emitting Diodes ◽

Luminous Flux ◽

Light Emitting

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Renovation of Public Lighting Systems in Cultural Landscapes: Lighting and Energy Performance and Their Impact on Nightscapes

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14020509 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 509

Author(s):

Lodovica Valetti ◽

Francesca Floris ◽

Anna Pellegrino

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficient ◽

Flux Distribution ◽

Cultural Landscapes ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Luminous Flux ◽

Landscape Value ◽

Reduce Energy Consumption ◽

Lighting Systems ◽

The Impact ◽

Positive Effect

The technological innovation in the field of lighting and the need to reduce energy consumption connected to public lighting are leading many municipalities to undertake the renewal of public lighting systems, by replacing the existing luminaires with LED technologies. This renovation process is usually aimed at increasing energy efficiency and reducing maintenance costs, whist improving the lighting performance. To achieve these results, the new luminaires are often characterised by a luminous flux distribution much more downward oriented, which may remarkably influence and alter the perception of the night image of the sites. In this study the implications of the renovation of public lighting systems in terms of lighting and energy performance as well as the effects relating to the alteration of the night image, in historical contexts characterized by significant landscape value, are analysed. Results, along with demonstrating the positive effect that more sustainable and energy efficient lighting systems may have on the lighting performance and energy consumptions of public lighting systems, evidences the impact they may have on the alteration of the nocturnal image.

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Design and Validation of an Adjustable Large-Scale Solar Simulator

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11041964 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1964

Author(s):

Daniele Colarossi ◽

Eleonora Tagliolini ◽

Paolo Principi ◽

Roberto Fioretti

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Design Procedure ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

Luminous Flux ◽

International Electrotechnical Commission ◽

Solar Simulator ◽

Class A ◽

Pv Panel ◽

Temporal Instability ◽

Class B

This work presents an adjustable large-scale solar simulator based on metal halide lamps. The design procedure is described with regards to the construction and spatial arrangement of the lamps and the designed optical system. Rotation and translation of the lamp array allow setting the direction and the intensity of the luminous flux on the horizontal plane. To validate the built model, irradiance nonuniformity and temporal instability tests were carried out assigning Class A, B, or C for each test, according to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards requirements. The simulator meets the Class C standards on a 200 × 90 cm test plane, Class B on 170 × 80 cm, and Class A on 80 × 40 cm. The temporal instability returns Class A results for all the measured points. Lastly, a PV panel is characterized by tracing the I–V curve under simulated radiation, under outdoor natural sunlight, and with a numerical method. The results show a good approximation.

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