scholarly journals Persistence of Nasal Colonization with Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Pig Farmers after Holidays from Pig Exposure

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 4046-4047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Köck ◽  
Bea Loth ◽  
Mahir Köksal ◽  
Josef Schulte-Wülwer ◽  
Jürgen Harlizius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa Colonization ◽  
Colonization Rates

ABSTRACTLivestock-associated methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(LA-MRSA) is frequently transmitted from pigs to farmers. This study analyzed whether an absence from direct contact with pigs during holidays had an impact on nasal MRSA colonization rates of pig farmers. Overall, 59% of the farmers did not clear MRSA colonization during their leave.

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization among healthcare workers in Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1426-1435
Author(s):  
Loay Al Wahaibi ◽  
Rajaa Al Sudairi ◽  
Abdullah Balkhair ◽  
Huda Al-Awaisi ◽  
Mohamed Mabruk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Mrsa Colonization

Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a S. aureus strain characterized by resistance to cloxacillin. Healthcare workers (HCWs), are recognized for their heightened risk for MRSA acquisition and possibly for MRSA nosocomial transmission. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and the associated risk factors of MRSA colonization among healthcare workers at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in Oman. Methodology: A total of 200 nasal swab samples were collected from the healthcare workers at SQUH during the period October 2nd 2018 to January 7th 2019. All nasal swab samples were examined microbiologically for the presence of MRSA using the standard method and the results were confirmed by detection of the mecA product (PBP2a). Data on associated risk factors for MRSA colonization was collected and analyzed. Results: Forty-one of the 200 screened healthcare workers (20.5%) were found to have nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus of which 63.4% were Methicillin Sensitive and 36.6% were Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA). Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was isolated from fifteen of the 200 screened healthcare workers giving a prevalence rate of nasal colonization with MRSA of 7.5%. We found no statistical association between healthcare worker MRSA nasal colonization and age, gender, HCWs specialty, hand hygiene practices, skin condition, previous MRSA infection, and previous exposure to antibiotics. Conclusions: Identification of the prevalence and the associated risk factors of MRSA colonization in healthcare workers mandates continuous surveillance and the implementation of all possible preventive measures to reduce re-occurrences.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonizing Strain M92

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo-Ann McClure ◽  
Kunyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Highly Virulent ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACT M92 is a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonizing strain belonging to ST239-MRSA-III. It frequently shows local nasal colonization in our hospital staff, but has never been associated with infection. We sequenced the complete genome of M92, in order to compare it to highly virulent MRSA strains to gain insight into MRSA virulence factors.

scholarly journals Activity of Daptomycin with or without 25 Percent Ethanol Compared to Combinations of Minocycline, EDTA, and 25 Percent Ethanol against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Embedded in Biofilm

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1998-2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Estes ◽  
J. Theusch ◽  
A. Beck ◽  
D. Pitrak ◽  
Kathleen M. Mullane
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lock Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Lock ◽  
Mrsa Colonization

ABSTRACTCentral venous catheters commonly develop central line-associated bloodstream infections.In vitroantibiotic lock therapy (ALT) was simulated on 10 methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) clinical isolates imbedded in biofilm-coated silicon disks. Five days of 4-h daily exposures to daptomycin (2.5 mg/ml) in 25% ethanol or minocycline (3 mg/ml) plus 25% ethanol and 30 mg/ml EDTA resulted in significantly greater elimination of MRSA colonization than treatment with minocycline alone.

scholarly journals Multicenter Evaluation of MRSASelectII Chromogenic Agar for Identification of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Wound and Nasal Specimens

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana R. Hernandez ◽  
Duane W. Newton ◽  
Nathan A. Ledeboer ◽  
Blake Buchan ◽  
Carol Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Additional Testing ◽  
Chromogenic Agar ◽  
Mrsa Colonization ◽  
Positive Results

Hospitals strive to reduce methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) prevalence via active surveillance of inpatient populations. Rapid and inexpensive screening methods are utilized when molecular methods are not operationally feasible. In this multisite clinical trial, the utility of Bio-Rad's MRSASelectII was evaluated for MRSA identification from remnant nares and wound swabs. The prevalence of MRSA was 11.1% (n= 1,384) from nares samples and 18.1% (n= 842) from wound samples. MRSASelectII had an overall concordance of 95.4% (confidence interval [CI] = 94.5% to 96.2%) compared to a broth-enriched reference standard. Comparisons between results, stratified by examination times, exhibited a nonsignificant trend toward increased positivity at prolonged incubation times. Cefoxitin screening of colonies directly from MRSASelectII was 96.7% (95.8% to 97.3%) concordant compared to testing of colonies following broth enrichment. A comparison of MRSASelectand MRSASelectII revealed no statistical differences; however, the latter exhibited earlier positivity, greater selectivity, and more intense indicator staining, which resulted in facilitated differentiation of positive results. MRSASelectII agar is a simple, rapid, and robust method to routinely screen patients for MRSA colonization without the need for additional testing.

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization Prevalence among Emergency Medical Services Personnel

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Al Amiry ◽  
Richard A. Bissell ◽  
Brian J. Maguire ◽  
Donald W. Alves
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Emergency Medical Services Personnel ◽  
Mrsa Colonization

AbstractIntroductionThe prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization among Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel is not well studied. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization can be a health hazard for both EMS personnel and patients. The aim of this study was to quantify the prevalence of MRSA colonization among EMS personnel. This study will help the scientific community understand the extent of this condition so that further protocols and policies can be developed to support the health and wellbeing of EMS personnel.Hypothesis/ ProblemThe hypothesis of this study was that the prevalence of MRSA colonization among EMS personnel is significantly higher than among the general population.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. A total of 110 subjects were selected from two major US Mid-Atlantic fire departments. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization was detected by nasal swabbing. Nasal swabs were inoculated onto a special agar medium (C-MRSAgar) with polymerase chain reaction testing performed. One-sided binomial distribution at the StudySize 2.0 Web calculator was used. Using the Web calculator, p (H0 proportion) = 1.5%; a difference (H1-H0) ‘Δ’ = 4.53% can be detected at α = 5% and power = 80% with N = 110.ResultsSamples were collected from 110 volunteers. Seven samples were positive for MRSA, resulting in a prevalence of 7/110 or 6.4% (95% CI, 1.8%-11%; P < .0003) compared with a 1.5% prevalence of MRSA colonization among the general population.ConclusionThere is evidence that EMS personnel have a higher prevalence of MRSA colonization than the general population. This can be a risk to patients and can be recognized as an occupational hazard.Al AmiryA, BissellRA, MaguireBJ, AlvesDW. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization prevalence among Emergency Medical Services personnel. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(4):1-5.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequence of Livestock-Associated ST398 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Humans in Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 194 (23) ◽  
pp. 6627-6628 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Golding ◽  
Louis Bryden ◽  
Paul N. Levett ◽  
Ryan R. McDonald ◽  
Alice Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Colonization Rates

ABSTRACTDespite reports of high colonization rates of ST398 livestock-associated methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(LA-MRSA) among pigs and pig farmers, the incidence of LA-MRSA infection in the general population in Canada appears to be rare in comparison to that in some European countries. In this study, the complete genome sequence of a Canadian representative LA-MRSA isolate (08BA02176) from a human postoperative surgical site infection was acquired and compared to the sequenced genome of an LA-MRSA isolate (S0385) from Europe to identify genetic traits that may explain differences in the success of these particular strains in some locales.

scholarly journals Genotypic Characterization of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates of Clonal Complex 398 in Pigsty Visitors: Transient Carriage or Persistence?

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Effelsberg ◽  
S. Udarcev ◽  
H. Müller ◽  
I. Kobusch ◽  
S. Linnemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beast Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mrsa Colonization

ABSTRACT Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) of clonal complex (CC) 398 has become a rising issue for public health. While it is known that >80% of pig farmers are colonized with LA-MRSA, only a few studies have assessed the situation for humans with occasional livestock contact. Recently it was shown that over 75% of scientific fieldworkers visiting pigsties were temporarily carrying LA-MRSA. To find out whether they were transiently or permanently colonized, we used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data to analyze the relatedness of isolates from these recurrently LA-MRSA-positive fieldworkers and from corresponding pigsties. Sequences were analyzed using in silico typing (spa and core genomic multilocus sequence typing [cgMLST]), and the BEAST software package was used to examine phylogeny. In total, 81 samples from three fieldworkers on eight different pigsties over a period of 2.5 years were sequenced. All isolates belonged to spa type t011, t034, or t2011, with different types found in the same fieldworker at different time points. Analysis of cgMLST revealed nine genotypic clusters, mostly correlating with the pigsty on which they were sampled. Fieldworker isolates clustered with the samples from farms that were visited on the same day. BEAST analysis corroborated the cgMLST-based clustering and suggests an origin of the lineage about 22 years ago. We conclude that nasal LA-MRSA colonization among humans with occasional livestock contact is common but most likely only temporary. Furthermore, we showed that the Western German LA-MRSA CC398 originated in the late 1990s and diversified into farm-specific genotypes, which stay relatively consistent over time.

scholarly journals Frequent Use of Chlorhexidine-Based Body Wash Associated with a Reduction in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization among Military Trainees

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene V. Millar ◽  
Wei-Ju Chen ◽  
Carey D. Schlett ◽  
Tianyuan Cui ◽  
Katrina B. Crawford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frequent Users ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mrsa Colonization

ABSTRACTIn a field-based trial among military trainees, personal hygiene measures, including chlorhexidine (CHG) body wash, did not prevent overall and methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTI). We conducted a secondary analysis of anterior nares cultures obtained during the trial to evaluate the impact of hygiene measures onStaphylococcus aureuscolonization. A cluster-randomized trial for SSTI prevention was conducted among U.S. Army infantry trainees from May 2010 to January 2012. There were three study groups with incrementally increasing education- and hygiene-based components: standard (S), enhanced standard (ES), and CHG. Anterior nares cultures were obtained from participants to determine the prevalence ofS. aureuscolonization. A total of 1,706 participants (469 S, 597 ES, and 640 CHG) without SSTI were included in the colonization analysis. Of those randomized to the CHG group, 360 (56.3%) reported frequent use of body wash. Frequent use of body wash had no effect on overallS. aureuscolonization (53.3% versus 56.8% among infrequent/nonusers;P= 0.25). MRSA colonization prevalence was marginally lower among frequent users (2.5% versus 4.7%;P= 0.07). In multivariable analysis, the odds of MRSA colonization were lower among frequent users (odds ratio [OR], 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16 to 0.77). This CHG-associated reduction was not observed when comparing colonization with USA300 to that with non-USA300 types (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.06 to 5.76). Frequent use of CHG body wash was associated with a reduction in MRSA nasal colonization among high-risk military trainees. Topical chlorhexidine may contribute to MRSA SSTI prevention by reducing colonization. However, further studies evaluating the pathogenesis of SSTI are needed. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01105767).

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