Human Papillomavirus-Specific Antibody Status in Oral Fluids Modestly Reflects Serum Status in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Individuals

ABSTRACT Serological assays are valuable tools for studies of the epidemiology of human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The efficacy of a less invasive oral-fluid assay for detection of HPV antibodies was examined. Matched serum, saliva, and oral mucosal transudate (OMT) specimens collected from 150 human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients were tested for immunoglobulin G antibodies against HPV-6 and HPV-11 combined (HPV-6/11) and HPV-16 capsids. Antibodies to HPV were detected in both types of oral specimens. Seroprevalence rates were 55% for HPV-6/11 and 37% for HPV-16, whereas oral prevalence rates were significantly lower (for HPV-6/11 in saliva, 31%, and in OMT, 19%; for HPV-16 in saliva, 19%, and in OMT, 17%). HPV antibody detection in OMT more accurately reflected the presence of antibodies in serum than did HPV antibody detection in saliva. More stringent saliva assay cutpoints yielded stronger associations between oropositivity and seropositivity; less stringent OMT cutpoints yielded stronger associations between oropositivity and seropositivity. Although HPV antibodies were detected in oral fluids, further optimization of the assay is necessary before oral-fluid testing can be implemented as a reliable alternative to serum testing for HPV.

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Cytological physiognomies and genotype distribution of human papillomaviruses among HPV/HIV co-infected and HPV mono-infected women

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v21i1.33 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 254-62

Author(s):

Lucy Wanja Karani ◽

Stanslaus Musyoki ◽

Robert Orina ◽

Christopher Khayeka-Wandabwa ◽

Benuel Nyagaka

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Human Papillomaviruses ◽

Low Grade ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Vaccination Programs ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Prophylactic Vaccination ◽

Intraepithelial Lesion ◽

Control Study

Background: Co-infection of High Risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and HIV is thought to favour initiation of intraepithelial squamous cell lesion and subsequent progression to cervical carcinoma. Objectives: Evaluation of cytological physiognomies in relation to possible age influence and the genotype distribution of human papillomaviruses among HPV/HIV co-infected and HPV monoinfected women in Kisii, Kenya. Methods: The case-control study enrolled 42 HPV/HIV co-infected and 42 HPV monoinfected women. Cervical swabs were collected in ThinPrep vials for HPV tying and cytological analysis. HPV subtypes were assayed by Xpert® HPV system (GXHPV-CE-10). Results: Mono-infected women aged 30-39 years had the highest proportion of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) at 14 (16.67%) while the co-infected aged 50-59 years had the highest proportion of high grade squamous intraepi- thelial lesion (HSIL) at 9 (10.71%). HPV-16 genotype was the most predominant and it increased with age rise. Older coin- fected and mono-infected women (>40 years) had HSIL and LSIL as the most predominant cytological grade respectively. Conclusion: The predominance of HPV-16 and HPV-18/45 genotypes in the study setting is a consideration that would benefit targeted prophylactic vaccination programs. HPV testing and cervical cancer screening for young and older women on a regular basis ought to be reinforced. Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Human Papillomavirus (HPV); co-infection; genotype; cytology.

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Human papillomavirus type-specific risk of cervical cancer in a population with high human immunodeficiency virus prevalence: case–control study

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.034298-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 92 (12) ◽

pp. 2784-2791 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Pontus Naucler ◽

Flora Mabota da Costa ◽

Joao Leopoldo da Costa ◽

Otto Ljungberg ◽

Antonio Bugalho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Effect Modification ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Cervical Cancer Risk ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Negative

There are limited data on human papillomavirus (HPV) type-specific cervical cancer risk among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women. Previous studies have suggested that HPV 16 would be relatively less important as a causative agent among HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative women. This study investigates HPV type-specific cervical cancer risk in a population in which HIV is endemic. At the Central Hospital, Maputo, Mozambique, 221 cervical cancer cases and 203 hospital-based controls were consecutively enrolled. HPV typing from cervical samples, HIV testing and recording of socio-demographic factors were performed. Logistic regression modelling was used to assess HPV type-specific risk and effect modification between HIV and HPV infection. Infection with HPV 16, 18 and ‘high-risk non-HPV 16/18 types’ (HPV 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58 and 59) was associated with cervical cancer in both crude and adjusted analyses. HPV 16 and 18 were the most common types detected in cancer biopsies among both HIV-negative and HIV-positive women. There was no significant evidence of effect modification between any HPV type and HIV infection, and there were no significant differences in the HPV type-specific prevalence when cervical cancers among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women were compared. Within the limitations of the study, the relative importance of different HPV types in cervical carcinogenesis appears not to be modified greatly by HIV infection, suggesting that HPV vaccines might not need to be type-specifically modified to be suitable for populations where HIV is endemic.

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Influence of Host Factors on Immunoglobulin G Concentration in Oral Fluid Specimens

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.9.1.194-197.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 194-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Timothy C. Granade ◽

Susan K. Phillips ◽

Wendy Kitson-Piggott ◽

Perry Gomez ◽

Bisram Mahabir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Immunoglobulin G ◽

Oral Fluid ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Host Factors ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Oral Fluids ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT The influence of host factors (tobacco use, dentition, bleeding gums, oral rinsing, nasal medications, and time since the last meal) on immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration in oral fluids (OF) was determined by univariate and multivariate analysis. Significant differences in IgG concentration were found to be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status (HIV antibody positive, +16.60 μg/ml, P = 0.0001), sex (female, +1.23 μg/ml, P = 0.004), dentition (+2.83 μg/ml, edentulous versus dentulous, P = 0.0001), bleeding gums (+6.35 μg/ml, P = 0.0001), and time since the last meal (+3.55 μg/ml, >6 h, P = 0.0001). These factors could impact diagnostic methods that rely on the immunoglobulin concentration in OF specimens.

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Incidence and Clearance of Anal Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-16 and HPV-18 Infection, and Their Determinants, Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in France

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/jiz623 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 221 (9) ◽

pp. 1488-1493 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Catharina J Alberts ◽

Isabelle Heard ◽

Ana Canestri ◽

Lucie Marchand ◽

Jean-François Fléjou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

High Grade ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Human Papillomavirus 16 ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Adjusted Incidence Rate ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Hpv 18

Abstract Background Prospective data on the natural history of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are scarce in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods We analyzed incidence and clearance of HPV-16 and HPV-18 in a French cohort of HIV-infected MSM, aged ≥35 years, followed-up annually (n = 438, 2014–2018). Results Human papillomavirus-16 and HPV-18 incidence were similar (~10% incident infections at 24 months). Human papillomavirus-16 incidence was higher among high-grade versus no lesion at baseline (adjusted incidence rate ratio = 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–8.18). Human papillomavirus-16 cleared significantly slower than HPV-18 (32% versus 54% by 24 months). Conclusions In conclusion, anal HPV-16 is more persistent than HPV-18, and its incidence correlates with a prior detection of high-grade lesions.

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Anti-hepatitis C virus antibody detection in oral fluid: Influence of human immunodeficiency virus co-infection

Journal of Clinical Virology ◽

10.1016/j.jcv.2013.07.015 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 385-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Benoit Visseaux ◽

Lucile Larrouy ◽

Ruxandra Calin ◽

Christine Katlama ◽

Thierry Poynard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Oral Fluid ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Virus Antibody ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Antibody

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Serological Detection of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Positive and High-Risk HIV-Negative Women

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.13.4.511-519.2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 511-519 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Michael J. Silverberg ◽

Michael F. Schneider ◽

Barbara Silver ◽

Kathryn M. Anastos ◽

Robert D. Burk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Viral Replication ◽

Smoking History ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Serial Measurement ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Negative

ABSTRACT Serial measurement of antibodies has not been used to provide evidence of active viral replication of human papillomavirus (HPV). Serum specimens from sequential study visits contributed by 642 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and 116 HIV-negative participants enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study were used to detect significant rises in HPV type 16 (HPV-16) antibody levels. Factors associated with a significant rise were identified using multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations. Among HIV-positive women, 8.3% of 1,997 pairs showed antibody rises, compared to 6.1% of 361 pairs among HIV-negative women (P = 0.191). For HIV-positive women, rises were associated with current (odds ratio [OR], 23.4; P < 0.001) or past (OR, 8.9; P < 0.001) HPV-16 infection relative to never being HPV-16 infected and with CD4+ cell counts (OR per 100-cell increase, 0.8; P < 0.001) but not with sexual behavior. For HIV-negative women, rises were associated with past (OR, 10.9; P = 0.033) HPV-16 infection relative to no HPV-16, current cigarette smoking (OR, 5.0; P = 0.029) relative to no smoking history, and having 6 to 10 lifetime sexual partners compared to 0 to 5 partners (OR, 9.9; P = 0.036). Serial measurement of HPV-16 serum antibodies is a useful tool for identifying active HPV-16 viral replication. Rises among HIV-positive women may more often result from reactivation of a latent HPV infection in the context of HIV-induced immunosuppression, while rises among HIV-negative women may more often result from reinfection with HPV.

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Differences and changes in human papillomavirus type 16 variant status in human immunodeficiency virus-positive adults are not uncommon

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.018663-0 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 91 (8) ◽

pp. 2068-2072 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Martin Steinau ◽

David C. Swan ◽

Juanita M. Onyekwuluje ◽

John T. Brooks ◽

Claudia Vellozzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Anatomical Site ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Cervical Sample ◽

Human Papillomavirus Type 16 ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Serial Samples ◽

Study Participants ◽

Over Time

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) genotype variants have been the subject of several investigations, but study participants have rarely been sampled more than once. In this study, among a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults, HPV-16 variants were investigated in samples collected concurrently from the anus and cervix, as well as in serial samples collected from the same anatomical site at 12-month intervals. HPV-16 variants in stored extracts of cervical and anal samples were determined from subjects with multiple visits and at least one sample positive for HPV-16. Seven polymorphic nucleotide positions within the E6 region were analysed by pyrosequencing to determine genotype variants. Of 364 samples examined, 176 anal and 39 cervical swabs from 84 different subjects yielded unequivocal sequences of eight major HPV-16 variants. Eight samples contained probable novel HPV-16 variants and in one sample two variants were detected. In eight out of 29 (27.6 %) anal–cervical sample pairs positive for HPV-16, discordant variants were found. From 57 anal and nine cervical sample series of HPV-16-positive samples, a change in HPV-16 variant status over time was seen in nine (13.6 %) instances (seven anal and two cervical) from eight different participants. Changes in HPV-16 variants in HIV-infected adults were seen most frequently when different anatomical sites were sampled, but were also observed over time.

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