Anti-Hepatitis A Virus Immunoglobulin M Antibodies in Urine Samples for Rapid Diagnosis of Outbreaks

ABSTRACT The main goal of this study was to test the feasibility of using urine for diagnosing hepatitis A virus (HAV) infections. A correlation of 90.78% between the test results of urine and serum samples was obtained. Four outbreaks of hepatitis A were confirmed by testing only urine samples. The levels of anti-HAV immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in urine samples remained stable during 6 months of storage at −70°C but decreased when the samples were stored at 4°C. The results of tests of samples obtained 2 and 6 months after infection suggested that IgM levels decline more rapidly in urine than in serum.

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Serodiagnosis of viral hepatitis A by a modified competitive binding radioimmunoassay for immunoglobulin M anti-hepatitis A virus

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.9.1.120-127.1979 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 120-127

Author(s):

D W Bradley ◽

H A Fields ◽

K A McCaustland ◽

J E Maynard ◽

R H Decker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immunoglobulin G ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Protein A ◽

Competitive Binding ◽

Immunoglobulin M ◽

Test Results ◽

Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay ◽

Viral Hepatitis A

A competitive binding radioimmunoassay (CBA) for antibody to hepatitis A virus (HAV) was evaluated and compared with a standard solid-phase radioimmunoassay for anti-HAV, CBA was found to be sensitive and specific for the detection of anti-HAV, as demonstrated by the 98% concordance of CBA and solid-phase radioimmunoassay test results. The standard CBA test was modified for the differential detection of acute (immunoglobulin M) and convalescent (immunoglobulin G) anti-HAV by incorporation of a step in which immunoglobulin G anti-HAV was preferentially absorbed with S. aureus cells (protein A). The modified CBA test was shown to be capable of differentiating between acute- and convalescent-phase sera. The modified CBAM test was able to detect immunoglobulin M anti-HAV up to approximately 4 weeks after the onset of illness.

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Disappearance of IgM Antibodies to Hepatitis A Virus After an Acute Infection in Children and Adolescents

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition ◽

10.1097/00005176-199004000-00007 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 307-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shaul Dollberg ◽

Eitan Kerem ◽

Aharon Klar ◽

David Branski

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Acute Infection ◽

Igm Antibodies

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Analysis of immunoassays to detect antibodies to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) and anti-HAV immunoglobulin M

Journal of Virological Methods ◽

10.1016/0166-0934(94)00108-s ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 51 (2-3) ◽

pp. 221-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

G. Hess ◽

E. Faatz ◽

W. Melchior ◽

H. Bayer

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Immunoglobulin M

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Measurement of urinary constituents with the Astra-8 Multichannel Analyzer.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/26.13.1883 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 26 (13) ◽

pp. 1883-1886 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

T A Blumenfeld ◽

B Griffith

Keyword(s):

Clinical Chemistry ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Urea Nitrogen ◽

Multiple Test ◽

Multichannel Analyzer ◽

Urine And Serum

Abstract The Beckman Astra-8 is a computerized, discrete-microsample, multiple-test clinical chemistry analyzer. We have examined its capability to measure urine Na+, K+, Cl-, urea nitrogen, glucose, and creatinine and found that (a) the Astra measurements are linear, accurate, and precise in concentration ranges of urine analytes; (b) urine analyte concentrations measured with the Astra correlate well with those by comparison micromethods (p < 0.001); and (c) the Astra has no significant carryover from adjacent urine samples or from adjacent urine and serum samples.

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Increasing incidence of hepatitis A in Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v47i3.13065 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 309-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MZ Amin ◽

LN Siddique ◽

MA Slatter ◽

KK Biswas

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

High Risk ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Age Groups ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Immunoglobulin M ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

High Risk Population

Hepatitis A (HAV) infection is caused by the hepatitis A virus which is transmitted through the fecal-oral route. Life long protective antibodies are present after infection. The number of cases of adult hepatitis A has progressively been increasing during the last several decades in Bangladesh. In addition, the pattern of age-specific seroprevalence of anti-HAV has changed with economic growth. The prevalence of anti-HAV in 20-40 year age range has declined rapidly during the last 3 decades. As a result, this age groups has a high risk for HAV infection and clinically overt hepatitis A is increasing in adolescents and adult. The aim of the present study were to assess whether the proportion of adults with acute HAV infection has been increasing over the years and analyze the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin M(IgM) anti- HAV antibodies in young adults below the age of 20 years as well as in cases of chronic liver disease. Sera collected from 530 patients with acute and chronic liver disease attends the Somorita Hospital Ltd. during the previous 2 years and 6 months (Jan. 2008- Jun. 2010) were tested for various serological markers of acute and chronic hepatitis. In addition, 530 normal healthy attendants of the patients above the age of 20 years were tested for IgM anti-HAV as controls. Of 530 patients with acute hepatitis (13.42%) were positive for immunoglobulin M. The patients who were IgM anti-HAV negative were found to be hepatitis B (106 patients), hepatitis C, (10 patients), hepatitis E (150 patients) and unclassified (273 patients). Although the frequency of HAV infection among young adult (< 20 age) had increased (33.33% to 42.35%) in the 2 years and 6 months period, the frequency of HAV infection among adults had also increased (15.38% to 28.13%) during the same period. This study should be helpful for the identification of high risk population for vaccination of hepatitis A. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i3.13065 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(3), 309-312 2012

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Correction: Acute Hepatitis A Virus Infection Without IgM Antibodies

Annals of Internal Medicine ◽

10.7326/0003-4819-155-2-201107190-00018 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 155 (2) ◽

pp. 136

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Acute Hepatitis A

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The seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in Belgium anno 2002 and 2006: a comparative analysis with hepatitis A virus seroprevalence

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268819000487 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 147 ◽

Author(s):

G. S. A. Smit ◽

S. Abrams ◽

P. Dorny ◽

N. Speybroeck ◽

B. Devleesschauwer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽

Large Scale ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Age Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Cmv Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specific Immunoglobulin

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is endemic worldwide but its seroprevalence varies widely. The goal of this study was to estimate the age-specific seroprevalence of CMV infection in Belgium based on two cross-sectional serological datasets from 2002 and 2006. The seroprevalence was estimated relying on diagnostic test results based on cut-off values pre-specified by the manufacturers of the tests as well as relying on mixture models applied to continuous pathogen-specific immunoglobulin G antibody titre concentrations. The age-specific seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV), based on three Belgian cross-sectional serological datasets from 1993, 2002 and 2006, was used as a comparator since individuals acquire lifelong immunity upon recovery, implying an increasing seroprevalence with age. The age group weighted overall CMV seroprevalence derived from the mixture model was 32% (95% confidence interval (CI) 31–34%) in 2002 and 31% (95% CI 30–32%) in 2006. We demonstrated that CMV epidemiology differs from the immunizing infection HAV. This was the first large-scale study of CMV and HAV serial datasets in Belgium, estimating seroprevalence specified by age and birth cohort.

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Evaluation of an Immunoglobulin M Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.10.3.394-398.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 394-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Won-Jong Jang ◽

Myung-Suk Huh ◽

Kyung-Hee Park ◽

Myung-Sik Choi ◽

Ik-Sang Kim

Keyword(s):

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Scrub Typhus ◽

Microtiter Plate ◽

Immunoglobulin M ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Orientia Tsutsugamushi ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Capture Elisa ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Immunodominant Antigen

ABSTRACT To differentiate scrub typhus from other acute febrile diseases, a rapid and reliable serological diagnosis is important. We developed an immunoglobulin M (IgM) capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of recent Orientia tsutsugamushi infections in humans. The 56-kDa major outer membrane protein of O. tsutsugamushi is well known as the most immunodominant antigen in scrub typhus. The test is based on the use of the biotinylated recombinant 56-kDa protein of O. tsutsugamushi Boryong, Bor56, which was expressed as a fusion protein with a maltose-binding protein in Escherichia coli. In the test, the serum IgM antibodies were captured by anti-human IgM antibodies coated onto a microtiter plate. The captured IgM antibodies were revealed through sequential addition of biotinylated Bor56 antigen and peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin to the plate. The IgM capture ELISA was compared with the immunofluorescence antibody assay (IFA) by testing 176 serum samples from patients with diagnosed cases of rickettsial disease and patients with other acute febrile diseases. Of the 81 IgG IFA-positive samples, 78 tested positive (sensitivity, 96.3%) and all 31 IgM IFA-positive samples tested positive (sensitivity, 100%) by the IgM capture ELISA. The specificity of the IgM capture ELISA was 99%, and 1 of the 95 IFA-negative samples was positive in the assay. These results strongly suggest that IgM capture ELISA using the recombinant Bor56 antigen is a reliable and detailed method for the detection of early O. tsutsugamushi infection.

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