scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi and Chagas' Disease in the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bern ◽  
S. Kjos ◽  
M. J. Yabsley ◽  
S. P. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Eastern Bloodsucking Conenose, Triatoma sanguisuga (LeConte) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae)

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Capinera
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Central America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Blood Meals

The eastern bloodsucking conenose belongs to the subfamily Triatominae, known as the kissing bugs. Despite their affectionate vernacular name, they are particularly threatening “assassin bugs” who require blood meals to survive and reproduce. They are a known vector of American trypanosomiasis (or Chagas Disease) in South America, a debilitating illness caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This disease is a problem in South and Central America and has been detected in the United States, but has not been found in Florida. This 4-page fact sheet was written by John L. Capinera, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, November 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1018

Chagas Disease Ecology in the United States: Recent Advances in Understanding Trypanosoma cruzi Transmission Among Triatomines, Wildlife, and Domestic Animals and a Quantitative Synthesis of Vector–Host Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Busselman ◽  
Sarah A. Hamer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Quantitative Synthesis ◽  
Management Approaches

Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease present in the Americas, is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is transmitted by triatomine kissing bug vectors. Hundreds of vertebrate host species are involved in the ecology of Chagas disease. The sylvatic nature of most triatomines found in the United States accounts for high levels of animal infections but few reports of human infections. This review focuses on triatomine distributions and animal infections in the southern United States. A quantitative synthesis of available US data from triatomine bloodmeal analysis studies shows that dogs, humans, and rodents are key taxa for feeding triatomines. Imperfect and unvalidated diagnostic tools in wildlife complicate the study of animal T. cruzi infections, and integrated vector management approaches are needed to reduce parasite transmission in nature. The diversity of animal species involved in Chagas disease ecology underscores the importance of a One Health approach for disease research and management. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, Volume 10 is February 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Triatomine vectors, feral dogs and cats, and wild animals in and around El Paso county, Texas, and New Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e0009147
Author(s):  
Felipe Rodriguez ◽  
Brenda S. Luna ◽  
Olivia Calderon ◽  
Claudia Manriquez-Roman ◽  
Karsten Amezcua-Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
El Paso ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Feral Dogs ◽  
El Paso County

The causative agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, is transmitted by triatomine vectors. The insect is endemic in the Americas, including the United States, where epidemiological studies are limited, particularly in the Southwestern region. Here, we have determined the prevalence of T. cruzi in triatomines, and feral cats and dogs, and wild animals, the infecting parasite genotypes and the mammalian host bloodmeal sources of the triatomines at four different geographical sites in the U.S.-Mexico border, including El Paso County, Texas, and nearby cities in New Mexico. Using qualitative polymerase chain reaction to detect T. cruzi infections, we found 66.4% (n = 225) of triatomines, 45.3% (n = 95) of feral dogs, 39.2% (n = 24) of feral cats, and 71.4% (n = 7) of wild animals positive for T. cruzi. Over 95% of T. cruzi genotypes or discrete typing units (DTUs) identified were TcI and some TcIV. Furthermore, Triatoma rubida was the triatomine species most frequently (98.2%) collected in all samples analyzed. These findings suggest a high prevalence of T. cruzi infections among triatomines, and feral and wild animals in the studied sites. Therefore, our results underscore the urgent need for implementation of a systematic epidemiological surveillance program for T. cruzi infections in insect vectors, and feral and wild animals, and Chagas disease in the human population in the southwestern region of the United States.

scholarly journals Transmission of Donor-Derived Trypanosoma cruzi and Subsequent Development of Chagas Disease in a Lung Transplant Recipient

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Corey ◽  
D. Sonetti ◽  
J. D. Maloney ◽  
S. P. Montgomery ◽  
B. L. Rademacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Transplant Recipient ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Lung Transplant ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Targeted Screening

Donor infection status should be considered when accepting an organ for transplant. Here we present a case of Chagas disease developing after a lung transplant where the donor was known to be Trypanosoma cruzi antibody positive. The recipient developed acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection with reactivation after treatment. Chagas disease-positive donors are likely to be encountered in the United States; donor targeted screening is needed to guide decisions regarding organ transplant and posttransplant monitoring.

scholarly journals Current knowledge of Chagas-related heart disease among pediatric cardiologists in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanchi Malhotra ◽  
Imran Masood ◽  
Noberto Giglio ◽  
Jay D. Pruetz ◽  
Pia S. Pannaraj
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background Chagas disease is a pathogenic parasitic infection with approximately 8 million cases worldwide and greater than 300,000 cases in the United States (U.S.). Chagas disease can lead to chronic cardiomyopathy and cardiac complications, with variable cardiac presentations in pediatrics making it difficult to recognize. The purpose of our study is to better understand current knowledge and experience with Chagas related heart disease among pediatric cardiologists in the U.S. Methods We prospectively disseminated a 19-question survey to pediatric cardiologists via 3 pediatric cardiology listservs. The survey included questions about demographics, Chagas disease presentation and experience. Results Of 139 responses, 119 cardiologists treat pediatric patients in the U.S. and were included. Most providers (87%) had not seen a case of Chagas disease in their practice; however, 72% also had never tested for it. The majority of knowledge-based questions about Chagas disease cardiac presentations were answered incorrectly, and 85% of providers expressed discomfort with recognizing cardiac presentations in children. Most respondents selected that they would not include Chagas disease on their differential diagnosis for presentations such as conduction anomalies, myocarditis and/or apical aneurysms, but would be more likely to include it if found in a Latin American immigrant. Of respondents, 87% agreed that they would be likely to attend a Chagas disease-related lecture. Conclusions Pediatric cardiologists in the U.S. have seen very few cases of Chagas disease, albeit most have not sent testing or included it in their differential diagnosis. Most individuals agreed that education on Chagas disease would be worth-while.

Prognostic impact of Chagas disease in the United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Milei ◽  
Roberto Andrés Guerri-Guttenberg ◽  
Daniel Rodolfo Grana ◽  
Rubén Storino
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prognostic Impact

scholarly journals Chagas Disease Serological Test Performance in U.S. Blood Donor Specimens

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Whitman ◽  
Christina A. Bulman ◽  
Emma L. Gunderson ◽  
Amanda M. Irish ◽  
Rebecca L. Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Blood Donor ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Confirmatory Test

ABSTRACT Chagas disease affects an estimated 300,000 individuals in the United States. Diagnosis in the chronic phase requires positive results from two different IgG serological tests. Three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) (Hemagen, Ortho, and Wiener) and one rapid test (InBios) are FDA cleared, but comparative data in U.S. populations are sparse. We evaluated 500 seropositive and 300 seronegative blood donor plasma samples. Country of birth was known for 255 seropositive specimens, which were grouped into regions as follows: Mexico (n = 94), Central America (n = 88), and South America (n = 73). Specimens were tested by the four FDA-cleared IgG serological assays. Test performance was evaluated by two comparators and latent class analysis. InBios had the highest sensitivity (97.4% to 99.3%) but the lowest specificity (87.5% to 92.3%). Hemagen had the lowest sensitivity (88.0% to 92.0%) but high specificity (99.0% to 100.0%). The level of sensitivity was intermediate for Ortho (92.4% to 96.5%) and Wiener (94.0% to 97.1%); both had high specificity (98.8% to 100.0% and 96.7% to 99.3%, respectively). The levels of antibody reactivity and clinical sensitivity were lowest in donors from Mexico, intermediate in those from Central America, and highest in those from South America. Our findings provide an initial evidence base to improve laboratory diagnosis of Chagas disease in the United States. The best current testing algorithm would employ a high-sensitivity screening test followed by a high-specificity confirmatory test.

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