scholarly journals Passive Transfer of Maternal Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-Specific Cellular Immunity to Piglets

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meggan Bandrick ◽  
Maria Pieters ◽  
Carlos Pijoan ◽  
Thomas W. Molitor
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Functional Abilities ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Cellular Immune

ABSTRACT Immunity in the neonatal animal is primarily maternally derived, either by lymphocytes that pass into the newborn across the placenta or following colostrum ingestion. However, the effect of this passively transferred cellular maternal immunity on the newborn's immune repertoire is not clearly understood. Various studies have shown that colostral lymphocytes are activated and possess functional abilities; however, no studies have shown the transfer of colostral antigen-specific T-cell-specific responses in a newborn. In this study we examined the transfer of vaccine-induced Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae cellular immunity from immune dams to newborn piglets. Newborn piglets from vaccinated and nonvaccinated dams were assessed in two ways for cellular immune responses specific to M. hyopneumoniae: (i) delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) testing and (ii) in vitro lymphocyte proliferation, assayed on piglet blood lymphocytes and sow colostral lymphocytes. DTH responses to M. hyopneumoniae were detected only for offspring of vaccinated sows, whereas DTH responses to the nonspecific mitogen phytohemagglutinin were seen for all piglets. M. hyopneumoniae-specific proliferation was seen for colostral lymphocytes from vaccinated sows and for blood lymphocytes from neonatal piglets of vaccinated dams but not for blood lymphocytes from piglets of nonvaccinated sows. Functional antigen-specific T cells were transferred to offspring from vaccinated sows and participated in the neonatal immune response upon stimulation. These data have implications for defining disease intervention strategies.

scholarly journals Cellular immune responses to methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma in BALB/c mice.

1975 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Bhatnagar ◽  
J B Zabriskie ◽  
A R Rausen
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Blast Transformation ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cell Dose ◽  
Cellular Recognition ◽  
Cellular Immune

Several in vitro parameters of cellular immunity were examined in BALB/c mice with an experimentally induced fibrosarcoma tumor. The results of capillary migration of spleen cells in high tumor cell dose inoculated mice show appearance of cellular immune response in the early stages of the tumor growth. As the tumor progresses, the cellular response declines and rapidly disappears, culminating in stimulation values near the time of the death of these mice. The blastogenic studies also show early cellular recognition of tumor antigen by mouse spleen cells and whole blood (Z24 h). After the 2nd day following tumor injection, no blast transformation is noted. However, the results obtained with a lower inoculating tumor cell dose demonstrate an initial cellular recognition on the 7th day. This response gradually disappears by the 19th day and remains negative up to the time of the death of these mice. This cellular immunity was confirmed by the cytotoxic experiments showing that the primary cells responsible for this cellular reactivity were the immune cells. An interesting finding was the presence of a factor(s) capable of blocking the cytotoxic effect. The nature and mechanism of this blocking factor(s) is now under investigation.

scholarly journals Deglycosylation of the 45/47-Kilodalton Antigen Complex of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Decreases Its Capacity To Elicit In Vivo or In Vitro Cellular Immune Responses

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 5567-5572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Romain ◽  
Cynthia Horn ◽  
Pascale Pescher ◽  
Abdelkader Namane ◽  
Michel Riviere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Antigen Complex ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Living Bacteria

ABSTRACT A protection against a challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is induced by previous immunization with living attenuated mycobacteria, usually bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). The 45/47-kDa antigen complex (Apa) present in culture filtrates of BCG of M. tuberculosis has been identified and isolated based on its ability to interact mainly with T lymphocytes and/or antibodies induced by immunization with living bacteria. The protein is glycosylated. A large batch of Apa was purified from M. tuberculosis culture filtrate to determine the extent of glycosylation and its role on the expression of the immune responses. Mass spectrometry revealed a spectrum of glycosylated molecules, with the majority of species bearing six, seven, or eight mannose residues (22, 24, and 17%, respectively), while others three, four, or five mannoses (5, 9, and 14%, respectively). Molecules with one, two, or nine mannoses were rare (1.5, 3, and 3%, respectively), as were unglycosylated species (in the range of 1%). To eliminate the mannose residues linked to the protein, the glycosylated Apa molecules were chemically or enzymatically treated. The deglycosylated antigen was 10-fold less active than native molecules in eliciting delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in guinea pigs immunized with BCG. It was 30-fold less active than native molecules when assayed in vitro for its capacity to stimulate T lymphocytes primed in vivo. The presence of the mannose residues on the Apa protein was essential for the antigenicity of the molecules in T-cell-dependent immune responses in vitro and in vivo.

scholarly journals Preliminary Evaluation of Whole-Blood Gamma Interferon Release for Clinical Assessment of Cellular Immunity in Patients with Active Coccidioidomycosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil M. Ampel ◽  
Daniel K. Nelson ◽  
Suzette Chavez ◽  
Kathryn A. Naus ◽  
Amanda B. Herman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Cellular Immune

ABSTRACT Assessment of the cellular immune response in coccidioidomycosis has epidemiologic and prognostic importance. Measurement of delayed-type hypersensitivity to skin testing has been used in the past to determine cellular immunity in coccidioidomycosis. However, no skin tests are currently available in the United States. Assay of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) release in whole blood in response to incubation with antigen has been used to assess cellular immunity in tuberculosis. We used a similar assay using the coccidioidal antigen preparation T27K to measure the in vitro cellular immune responses among a cohort of 69 subjects with active coccidioidomycosis. IFN-γ release was bimodal, with concentrations above and below 5 IU/ml. Using multivariate logistic regression, underlying disease and disseminated or chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis was significantly associated with the release of IFN-γ at a concentration of <5 IU/ml (P = 0.02 or 0.05, respectively). In addition, the release IFN-γ concentration was <5 IU/ml in all subjects with a clinical severity score of ≥6 (P = 0.02). The release IFN-γ concentration correlated with expression of CD69 on T lymphocytes in an in vitro assay using T27K as the antigen (Spearman's rho = 0.59; P < 0.01). These results suggest that the IFN-γ release assay with T27K as the antigen may be a useful clinical test for assessing cellular immunity in patients with active coccidioidomycosis.

scholarly journals Salmonella Adhesion, Invasion and Cellular Immune Responses Are Differentially Affected by Iron Concentrations in a Combined In Vitro Gut Fermentation-Cell Model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e93549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Dostal ◽  
Mélanie Gagnon ◽  
Christophe Chassard ◽  
Michael Bruce Zimmermann ◽  
Liam O'Mahony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Gut Fermentation ◽  
Iron Concentrations

scholarly journals A Combined Adjuvant TF–Al Consisting of TFPR1 and Aluminum Hydroxide Augments Strong Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Both C57BL/6 and BALB/c Mice

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Qiao Li ◽  
Zhihua Liu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Chen Liang ◽  
Jiayi Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Recombinant Hbsag ◽  
Cellular Immune

TFPR1 is a novel adjuvant for protein and peptide antigens, which has been demonstrated in BALB/c mice in our previous studies; however, its adjuvanticity in mice with different genetic backgrounds remains unknown, and its adjuvanticity needs to be improved to fit the requirements for various vaccines. In this study, we first compared the adjuvanticity of TFPR1 in two commonly used inbred mouse strains, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, in vitro and in vivo, and demonstrated that TFPR1 activated TLR2 to exert its immune activity in vivo. Next, to prove the feasibility of TFPR1 acting as a major component of combined adjuvants, we prepared a combined adjuvant, TF–Al, by formulating TFPR1 and alum at a certain ratio and compared its adjuvanticity with that of TFPR1 and alum alone using OVA and recombinant HBsAg as model antigens in both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Results showed that TFPR1 acts as an effective vaccine adjuvant in both BALB/c mice and C57BL/6 mice, and further demonstrated the role of TLR2 in the adjuvanticity of TFPR1 in vivo. In addition, we obtained a novel combined adjuvant, TF–Al, based on TFPR1, which can augment antibody and cellular immune responses in mice with different genetic backgrounds, suggesting its promise for vaccine development in the future.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of the murine T lymphocyte immune response to a protozoan parasite, Leishmania tropica

1983 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Engers ◽  
S. G. Coutinho ◽  
G. M. C. de Araújo Lima ◽  
J. A. Louis
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Leishmania Tropica ◽  
Intracellular Parasites ◽  
Helper Activity ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

The results presented in this review summarize a seirs of experiments designed to characterize the murine T cell imune response to the protozoan parasite Leishmania tropica. Enriched T cell populations and T cell clones specific for L. tropica antigens were derived from lymph nodes of primed mice and maintained in continous culture in vitro. These T lymphocytes were shown (A) to express the Lyt 1+ 3- cell surface phenotype, (B) to proliferate specifically in vitro in response to parasite antigens, together with a source of irradiated syngeneic macrophages, (C) to transfer antigen-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to normal syngeneic mice, (D) to induce specific activation of parasitized macrophages in vitro resulting in the destruction of intracellular parasites, (E) to provide specific helper activity for antibody responses in vitro in a hapten-carrier system. Protection studies using these defiened T cell populations should allow the characterization of parasite antigen(s) implicated in the induction of cellular immune responses beneficial for the host.

Cellular immune responses to autologous chronic myelogenous leukaemia cells in vitro

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Pawelec ◽  
Arnika Rehbein ◽  
Elke Schlotz ◽  
Paul da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukaemia ◽  
Myelogenous Leukaemia ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals SPECIFICITY OF CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSES

1968 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Paul ◽  
Gregory W. Siskind ◽  
Baruj Benacerraf
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Delayed Reactions ◽  
Cellular Immune

In vitro antigen stimulation of DNA synthesis in lymph node cultures from immunized guinea pigs can be obtained with very low (10–4 µg/ml) antigen concentrations in the culture fluid. Immunization with low doses of DNP-GPA leads to a cell population capable of being stimulated, on the average, by low concentration of antigen whereas immunization with large antigen doses results in a sensitive cell population requiring, on the average, high antigen concentrations for stimulation. These findings correlate well with the affinity for hapten of the serum antibodies produced by these guinea pigs. Both delayed reactions in vivo and DNA synthesis in vitro can be stimulated by hapten conjugated to proteins different from that used in primary immunization. However the immunizing conjugate is much more effective in terms of antigen concentration required for a given response. These results can be understood in terms of a thermodynamically driven interaction of antigen (or "processed" antigen) with cell-associated antibody.

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