scholarly journals Cellular immune responses to methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma in BALB/c mice.

1975 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Bhatnagar ◽  
J B Zabriskie ◽  
A R Rausen
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Blast Transformation ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cell Dose ◽  
Cellular Recognition ◽  
Cellular Immune

Several in vitro parameters of cellular immunity were examined in BALB/c mice with an experimentally induced fibrosarcoma tumor. The results of capillary migration of spleen cells in high tumor cell dose inoculated mice show appearance of cellular immune response in the early stages of the tumor growth. As the tumor progresses, the cellular response declines and rapidly disappears, culminating in stimulation values near the time of the death of these mice. The blastogenic studies also show early cellular recognition of tumor antigen by mouse spleen cells and whole blood (Z24 h). After the 2nd day following tumor injection, no blast transformation is noted. However, the results obtained with a lower inoculating tumor cell dose demonstrate an initial cellular recognition on the 7th day. This response gradually disappears by the 19th day and remains negative up to the time of the death of these mice. This cellular immunity was confirmed by the cytotoxic experiments showing that the primary cells responsible for this cellular reactivity were the immune cells. An interesting finding was the presence of a factor(s) capable of blocking the cytotoxic effect. The nature and mechanism of this blocking factor(s) is now under investigation.

scholarly journals Passive Transfer of Maternal Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-Specific Cellular Immunity to Piglets

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meggan Bandrick ◽  
Maria Pieters ◽  
Carlos Pijoan ◽  
Thomas W. Molitor
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Functional Abilities ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Cellular Immune

ABSTRACT Immunity in the neonatal animal is primarily maternally derived, either by lymphocytes that pass into the newborn across the placenta or following colostrum ingestion. However, the effect of this passively transferred cellular maternal immunity on the newborn's immune repertoire is not clearly understood. Various studies have shown that colostral lymphocytes are activated and possess functional abilities; however, no studies have shown the transfer of colostral antigen-specific T-cell-specific responses in a newborn. In this study we examined the transfer of vaccine-induced Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae cellular immunity from immune dams to newborn piglets. Newborn piglets from vaccinated and nonvaccinated dams were assessed in two ways for cellular immune responses specific to M. hyopneumoniae: (i) delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) testing and (ii) in vitro lymphocyte proliferation, assayed on piglet blood lymphocytes and sow colostral lymphocytes. DTH responses to M. hyopneumoniae were detected only for offspring of vaccinated sows, whereas DTH responses to the nonspecific mitogen phytohemagglutinin were seen for all piglets. M. hyopneumoniae-specific proliferation was seen for colostral lymphocytes from vaccinated sows and for blood lymphocytes from neonatal piglets of vaccinated dams but not for blood lymphocytes from piglets of nonvaccinated sows. Functional antigen-specific T cells were transferred to offspring from vaccinated sows and participated in the neonatal immune response upon stimulation. These data have implications for defining disease intervention strategies.

scholarly journals A DNA Vaccine Encoding Lumazine Synthase from Brucella abortus Induces Protective Immunity in BALB/c Mice

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 2507-2511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Velikovsky ◽  
Juliana Cassataro ◽  
Guillermo H. Giambartolomei ◽  
Fernando A. Goldbaum ◽  
Silvia Estein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Lumazine Synthase ◽  
Cellular Immune

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the immunogenicity of the Brucella abortus lumazine synthase (BLS) gene cloned into the pcDNA3 plasmid, which is driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter. Injection of plasmid DNA carrying the BLS gene (pcDNA-BLS) into BALB/c mice elicited both humoral and cellular immune responses. Antibodies to the encoded BLS included immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3, and IgM isotypes. Animals injected with pcDNA-BLS exhibited a dominance of IgG2a over IgG1. In addition, spleen cells from vaccinated animals produced interleukin-2 and gamma interferon but not IL-10 or IL-4 after in vitro stimulation with recombinant BLS (rBLS), suggesting the induction of a Th1 response. Protection was evaluated by comparing the levels of infection in the spleens of vaccinated mice challenged with B. abortus 544. Immunization with pcDNA-BLS- reduced the bacterial burden relative to those in the control groups. Mice immunized with rBLS produced a significant humoral response but did not show a specific cellular response or any protection from challenge. Altogether, these data suggest that pcDNA-BLS is a good immunogen for the production of humoral and cell-mediated responses in mice and is a candidate for use in future studies of vaccination against brucellosis.

scholarly journals Salmonella Adhesion, Invasion and Cellular Immune Responses Are Differentially Affected by Iron Concentrations in a Combined In Vitro Gut Fermentation-Cell Model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e93549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Dostal ◽  
Mélanie Gagnon ◽  
Christophe Chassard ◽  
Michael Bruce Zimmermann ◽  
Liam O'Mahony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Gut Fermentation ◽  
Iron Concentrations

scholarly journals mRNA vaccination in people over 80 years of age induces strong humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 with cross neutralization of P.1 Brazilian variant

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Parry ◽  
Gokhan Tut ◽  
Rachel Bruton ◽  
Sian Faustini ◽  
Christine Stephens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

Age is the major risk factor for mortality after SARS-CoV-2 infection and older people have received priority consideration for COVID-19 vaccination. However, vaccine responses are often suboptimal in this age group and few people over the age of 80 years were included in vaccine registration trials. We determined the serological and cellular response to spike protein in 100 people aged 80–96 years at 2 weeks after the second vaccination with the Pfizer BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Antibody responses were seen in every donor with high titers in 98%. Spike-specific cellular immune responses were detectable in only 63% and correlated with humoral response. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection substantially increased antibody responses after one vaccine and antibody and cellular responses remained 28-fold and 3-fold higher, respectively, after dual vaccination. Post-vaccine sera mediated strong neutralization of live Victoria infection and although neutralization titers were reduced 14-fold against the P.1 variant first discovered in Brazil they remained largely effective. These data demonstrate that the mRNA vaccine platform delivers strong humoral immunity in people up to 96 years of age and retains broad efficacy against the P.1 variant of concern.

scholarly journals A Combined Adjuvant TF–Al Consisting of TFPR1 and Aluminum Hydroxide Augments Strong Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Both C57BL/6 and BALB/c Mice

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Qiao Li ◽  
Zhihua Liu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Chen Liang ◽  
Jiayi Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Recombinant Hbsag ◽  
Cellular Immune

TFPR1 is a novel adjuvant for protein and peptide antigens, which has been demonstrated in BALB/c mice in our previous studies; however, its adjuvanticity in mice with different genetic backgrounds remains unknown, and its adjuvanticity needs to be improved to fit the requirements for various vaccines. In this study, we first compared the adjuvanticity of TFPR1 in two commonly used inbred mouse strains, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, in vitro and in vivo, and demonstrated that TFPR1 activated TLR2 to exert its immune activity in vivo. Next, to prove the feasibility of TFPR1 acting as a major component of combined adjuvants, we prepared a combined adjuvant, TF–Al, by formulating TFPR1 and alum at a certain ratio and compared its adjuvanticity with that of TFPR1 and alum alone using OVA and recombinant HBsAg as model antigens in both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Results showed that TFPR1 acts as an effective vaccine adjuvant in both BALB/c mice and C57BL/6 mice, and further demonstrated the role of TLR2 in the adjuvanticity of TFPR1 in vivo. In addition, we obtained a novel combined adjuvant, TF–Al, based on TFPR1, which can augment antibody and cellular immune responses in mice with different genetic backgrounds, suggesting its promise for vaccine development in the future.

Cellular immune responses to autologous chronic myelogenous leukaemia cells in vitro

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Pawelec ◽  
Arnika Rehbein ◽  
Elke Schlotz ◽  
Paul da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukaemia ◽  
Myelogenous Leukaemia ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals SPECIFICITY OF CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSES

1968 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Paul ◽  
Gregory W. Siskind ◽  
Baruj Benacerraf
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Delayed Reactions ◽  
Cellular Immune

In vitro antigen stimulation of DNA synthesis in lymph node cultures from immunized guinea pigs can be obtained with very low (10–4 µg/ml) antigen concentrations in the culture fluid. Immunization with low doses of DNP-GPA leads to a cell population capable of being stimulated, on the average, by low concentration of antigen whereas immunization with large antigen doses results in a sensitive cell population requiring, on the average, high antigen concentrations for stimulation. These findings correlate well with the affinity for hapten of the serum antibodies produced by these guinea pigs. Both delayed reactions in vivo and DNA synthesis in vitro can be stimulated by hapten conjugated to proteins different from that used in primary immunization. However the immunizing conjugate is much more effective in terms of antigen concentration required for a given response. These results can be understood in terms of a thermodynamically driven interaction of antigen (or "processed" antigen) with cell-associated antibody.

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