scholarly journals d-Alanylcardiolipin, a Major Component of the Unique Lipid Pattern of Vagococcus fluvialis

1998 ◽  
Vol 180 (11) ◽  
pp. 2950-2957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Fischer ◽  
Doris Arneth-Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Stationary Phases ◽  
Fatty Acid Pattern ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Lipid Pattern ◽  
Animal Feces

Motile group N streptococci, classified as Vagococcus fluvialis, have been isolated from cows’ udders, human and animal feces, river water, and seawater. They possess an unusual membrane lipid and fatty acid pattern. We isolated and characterized 13 polar lipids, 8 of them also found in other gram-positive bacteria: mono- and dihexosyldiacylglycerol, an acylated and a glycerophosphate-substituted derivative of the latter, cardiolipin, phosphatidylglycerol, d-alanylphosphatidylglycerol, andl-lysylphosphatidylglycerol. Besides them, we characterized two rare compounds, bis(acylglycero)phosphate and α-d-glucopyranosylcardiolipin, and two compounds so far not detected in nature, d-alanylbis(acylglycero)phosphate and d-alanylcardiolipin. The concomitant occurrence of four aminoacyl phospholipids in one organism is another unique finding. Substituted cardiolipins represent a novel lipid class: in vagococci,d-alanylcardiolipin is a major membrane lipid component, contributing 11 and 26 mol% of total lipids in the exponential and stationary phases of growth, respectively. The vagococcal lipids contain even-numbered straight-chain saturated andcis-monounsaturated fatty acids, but thecis-monoenic acids belong to the ω-9 series and not the ω-7 series, found in enterococci, lactococci, and streptococci.

scholarly journals Triple-Knockout, Synuclein-Free Mice Display Compromised Lipid Pattern

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3078
Author(s):  
Irina A. Guschina ◽  
Natalia Ninkina ◽  
Andrei Roman ◽  
Mikhail V. Pokrovskiy ◽  
Vladimir L. Buchman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Ether Lipid ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Synaptic Functions ◽  
Ethanolamine Plasmalogens ◽  
Lipid Pattern

Recent studies have implicated synucleins in several reactions during the biosynthesis of lipids and fatty acids in addition to their recognised role in membrane lipid binding and synaptic functions. These are among aspects of decreased synuclein functions that are still poorly acknowledged especially in regard to pathogenesis in Parkinson’s disease. Here, we aimed to add to existing knowledge of synuclein deficiency (i.e., the lack of all three family members), with respect to changes in fatty acids and lipids in plasma, liver, and two brain regions in triple synuclein-knockout (TKO) mice. We describe changes of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) and palmitic acid in liver and plasma, reduced triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in liver and non-esterified fatty acids in plasma of synuclein free mice. In midbrain, we observed counterbalanced changes in the relative concentrations of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cerebrosides (CER). We also recorded a notable reduction in ethanolamine plasmalogens in the midbrain of synuclein free mice, which is an important finding since the abnormal ether lipid metabolism usually associated with neurological disorders. In summary, our data demonstrates that synuclein deficiency results in alterations of the PUFA synthesis, storage lipid accumulation in the liver, and the reduction of plasmalogens and CER, those polar lipids which are principal compounds of lipid rafts in many tissues. An ablation of all three synuclein family members causes more profound changes in lipid metabolism than changes previously shown to be associated with γ-synuclein deficiency alone. Possible mechanisms by which synuclein deficiency may govern the reported modifications of lipid metabolism in TKO mice are proposed and discussed.

scholarly journals Study on the Profile of Fatty Acids of Broiler Chicken Raised and Slaughtered in Industrial System

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 4089-4094
Author(s):  
Marius Mihai Ciobanu ◽  
Paul Corneliu Boisteanu ◽  
Daniel Simeanu ◽  
Alina Narcisa Postolache ◽  
Roxana Lazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Nutritional Indices ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Different Levels

Fatty acid profile and the related nutritional indices of the breast, thigh and drumstick muscles were studied at three farms, suppliers of ROSS 308 line of broilers, slaughtered at the age of 42 days. The proximate chemical composition of the commercial slaughter cuts revealed contents between 16.26�22.78% for proteins and 1.80�7.45% for total lipids, the breast having the highest protein and ash content and lowest values for fat and moisture. The obtained values were mainly affected by region (P[0.001). Meat fatty acid profile was affected (P[0.001) by commercial slaughter regions (CSR) and by the interactions between CSR and supplier farms (Farm A, B, and C) at different levels. The obvious findings highlighted that Farm B supplied broilers with a delivered higher content of beneficial fatty acids (LA, LNA, AA, EPA, and DHA) in breasts and drumstick, while for thigh, Farm C had the best results. The content of total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) had the highest level in the thigh (P[0.001).

scholarly journals Triple-knockout, synuclein-free mice display compromised lipid pattern

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Guschina ◽  
Natalia Ninkina ◽  
Andrei Y. Roman ◽  
Mikhail V. Pokrovskiy ◽  
Vladimir L. Buchman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Ether Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Synaptic Functions ◽  
Ethanolamine Plasmalogens ◽  
Lipid Pattern

Abstract Background: Recent studies have implicated synucleins in several reactions during the biosynthesis of lipids and fatty acids in addition to their recognised role in membrane lipid binding and synaptic functions. All members of the synuclein family interact robustly with lipid membranes, and appear to be important for the physiological functions of proteins while influencing the pathological aggregation of α-synuclein. Methods: The following tissues were used for lipid and fatty acid analysis: plasma, liver and two brain areas (cortex and midbrain). Lipid classes were separated using thin-layer chromatography. Fatty acids were analysed using gas chromatography. Results: We describe the importance of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) and palmitic acid in liver and plasma, reduced triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in liver and circulated plasma non-esterified fatty acids in synuclein free mice. In midbrain, observed changes in the relative concentrations of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cerebrosides (CER) were counterbalanced. In midbrain, we recorded a notable reduction in ethanolamine plasmalogens in synuclein free mice and consider this an important finding considering the abnormal ether lipid metabolism usually associated with neurological disorders.Conclusions: In summary, our data demonstrate that synuclein deficiency can result in alterations of PUFA synthesis, storage lipid accumulation in liver, and reduction of plasmalogens and CER, those polar lipids which are principal compounds of lipid rafts in many tissues. An ablation of all three synuclein family members resulted in more pronounced lipid modifications then previously showed by us γ-synuclein deficiency. Possible mechanisms by which synuclein deficiency may govern the reported modifications of lipid metabolism in TKO mice are proposed and discussed.

scholarly journals Quantification of fatty acids in salmon fillets conserved by different methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Menoci Gonçalves ◽  
Paula Fernandes Montanher ◽  
Fabiana Carbonera ◽  
Maria Eugênia Petenuci ◽  
Roberta Da Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Term Storage

 Lipid contents and the composition of fatty acids of fillets from Chilean salmon (Salmo salar) were determined under different conservation methods: fresh salmon, frozen salmon, water-conserved canned salmon and frozen salmon in long-term storage. Fatty acid contents were determined by gas chromatography. The fillets had high lipid levels, ranging between 9.71 and 12.86%. All samples presented high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids, between 363.69 and 425.30 mg g-1 of total lipids, followed by polyunsaturated fatty acids (294.46 - 342.45 mg g-1 of total lipids) and saturated fatty acids (203.32 - 223.17 mg g-1 of total lipids). Although samples revealed different lipid contents, all proved to be great sources of omega-3 fatty acids, regardless of the manner of conservation. 

The influence of linoleic and linolenic acid on the activity and intracellular localisation of phospholipase D in COS-1 cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 390 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Gemeinhardt ◽  
Marwan Alfalah ◽  
Thomas Gück ◽  
Hassan Y. Naim ◽  
Herbert Fuhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Membrane Trafficking ◽  
Fatty Acid Pattern ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
Cellular Distribution ◽  
Lipid Environment ◽  
Intracellular Localisation

Abstract Phospholipase D (PLD) is a receptor-regulated signalling enzyme involved in biological functions, such as exocytosis, phagocytosis, actin dynamics, membrane trafficking, and is considered to be essential for stimulated degranulation of cells. The purpose of our investigation was to examine how the fatty acid pattern of cellular membranes influences the activities and cellular distribution of the PLD1 and PLD2 isoforms. Expression of GFP-tagged PLD1 and PLD2 in COS-1 cells that were stimulated with mastoparan after cultivation in 20 μmol linoleic (C18:2n6) or linolenic (C18:3n3) acid for 4 d demonstrated that PLD1 dramatically alters its cellular distribution and is redistributed from intracellular vesicles to the cell surface. PLD2, on the other hand, maintains its localisation at the plasma membrane. The activity of PLD, which corresponds to PLD1 and PLD2, significantly increased two- to three-fold in the presence of the fatty acids. We conclude that linoleic acid and linolenic acid supplementation affect the intracellular trafficking of the PLD1 isoform and the activity of PLD most likely due to alterations in the membrane lipid environment conferred by the fatty acids.

scholarly journals Study on the Profile of Fatty Acids of Broiler Chicken Raised and Slaughtered in Industrial System

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 4089-4094
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Indices ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Different Levels

Fatty acid profile and the related nutritional indices of the breast, thigh and drumstick muscles were studied at three farms, suppliers of ROSS 308 line of broilers, slaughtered at the age of 42 days. The proximate chemical composition of the commercial slaughter cuts revealed contents between 16.26-22.78% for proteins and 1.80-7.45% for total lipids, the breast having the highest protein and ash content and lowest values for fat and moisture. The obtained values were mainly affected by region (P<0.001). Meat fatty acid profile was affected (P<0.001) by commercial slaughter regions (CSR) and by the interactions between CSR and supplier farms (Farm A, B, and C) at different levels. The obvious findings highlighted that Farm B supplied broilers with a delivered higher content of beneficial fatty acids (LA, LNA, AA, EPA, and DHA) in breasts and drumstick, while for thigh, Farm C had the best results. The content of total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) had the highest level in the thigh (P<0.001). Keywords: broiler meat, fatty acids, lipids quality

Effect of feeding diets high in monounsaturated fatty acids and α-tocopheryl acetate to rabbits on resulting carcass fatty acid profile and lipid oxidation

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lopez-Bote ◽  
A. Rey ◽  
J. Ruiz ◽  
B. Isabel ◽  
R. Sanz Arias
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Animal Tissues ◽  
Volatile Aldehydes

AbstractThe effects of olive (MONO) or sunflower (POLY) oil-enriched (30 g/kg) diets with either a basal (10 mg/kg food) or supplemented (200 mg/kg) level of a-tocopheryl acetate on some measures of production, fatty acid composition of animal tissues and susceptibility to oxidation of rabbit meat and membrane extracts have been studied. MONO diet produced higher levels of C18:1 in animal tissues. Animals that received POLY diet had a higher level of C18:2 in perirenal and neutral fraction of intramuscular fat and higher levels of C18:2, C20:4, C22:4 and C22:5 in phospholipid, reaching a higher overall unsaturation (P = 0·001). Muscle samples from rabbits given the POLY diet were more susceptible to lipid oxidation (P = 0·0001). Differences in membrane lipid oxidation, between groups followed a similar pattern to that of meat. Diets rich in C18:2 resulted in increases in concentration of pentanal (P < 0·001), hexanal (P = 0·0001) and total volatile aldehydes (P = 0·0001) in meat as monitored by headspace gas liquid chromatography. Dietary supplementation with α-tocopheryl acetate reduced the overall concentration of volatile aldehydes (P < 0·05), particularly hexanal (P < 0·05). Dietary administration of monounsaturated fatty acids not only reduces membrane and meat lipid oxidation but also modifies the relative proportion of volatile aldehydes generated upon heating, with a specific decrease in those generally related to rancidity and off-flavour of meats.

scholarly journals Effect of season on the fatty acid profile of total lipids, phospholipids and triacylglycerols in Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Atatürk Dam Lake, Turkey)

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kaçar ◽  
M. Başhan ◽  
S. A. Oymak
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Atatürk Dam Lake

The present study investigated the lipid content and FA profiles of total lipids, phospholipids (PL) and triacylglycerols (TAG) of Mastacembelus mastacembelus from the Atatürk Dam Lake (Turkey). The results showed that the total lipid content of the dorsal muscle varied seasonally from 0.50% to 3.59%. Wide ranges of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (36.21 to 50.52%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (25.22 to 42.02%) were found in the PL fraction. However, higher monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (37.63 to 45.07%) and SFA (34.71 to 38.82%) were found in TAG (triacylglycerol). The ratios of ω-3 to ω-6 PUFA ranged from 0.65 to 1.32 and 1.07 to 3.48 in PL (phospholipid) and TAG fraction, respectively. The results also showed that the major components were palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1ω-9), palmitoleic acid (C16:1ω-7), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6ω-3), arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4ω-6) and docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5ω-3) in total lipid, C16:0, C18:1ω-9, AA and DHA in PL, C16:0, C16:1ω-7, C18:1ω-9, linoleic acid (LA, C18:2ω-6), and DHA in TAG extracted from the muscle of M. mastacembelus in all seasons.

Chemical and Biological Modulations of Food due to the Frying Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Heinz Wagner ◽  
Ibrahim Elmadfa
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Pattern ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Frying Process ◽  
Frying Fats ◽  
Fried Foods ◽  
Fat Uptake ◽  
Frying Fat

The interactions between frying fat and fried foods are of great relevance for the nutritional quality of the final product. In particular, the amount of fat taken up can be positively influenced at the industrial but also at the household level by different pre- and post-frying conditions. The fat uptake during the frying process can also lead to a complete different fatty acid pattern of the product. The change is always towards the predominant fatty acids in the frying fat, which can be beneficial when replacing saturated fatty acids with monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, but can also be of disadvantage in the case of fish, when the initial content of n-3 fatty acids is significantly reduced. This has also to be considered for nutritional calculation so as not to misrepresent the nutrient composition of the fried product. There have been positive developments in producing frying fats which are low in trans-fatty acids, and fried products low in heat-induced compounds which can address toxicological concerns such as acrylamide formation.

scholarly journals Lipid profile of lamb meat from different genotypes submitted to diets with different energy levels

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Germano Costa ◽  
Ana Sancha Malveira Batista ◽  
Paulo Sérgio de Azevedo ◽  
Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga ◽  
Marta Suely Madruga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

To assess the influence of genotype and diets with different energy levels on the lipid profile of sheep meat, 54 lambs were used (18 animals from each genotype: Morada Nova, Santa Inez and ½Dorper + ½Santa Inez crossbred), distributed in a completely randomized experimental design in a 3 × 2 factorial arragement (three genotypes and two diets). The animals were submitted to two diets, 2.5 Mcal ME/kg DM and 3.0 Mcal ME/kg DM, receiving feed and water to reach the desired average live weight of 30 kg, when they were slaughtered. Total lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids and fatty acids profile of the Longissimus muscle were assessed. Diet and genotype did not influence the total lipids, cholesterol and phospholipids contents. The diet with the highest energy value presented higher values for the concentration of C12:0, C14:0, C18:0, C19:0, C22:0 acids and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in relation to that with the lowest energy value. However, for the concentrations of C15:0 acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), the highest values were recorded for diet with the lowest energy value. Genotype and diet influenced significantly the MUFA concentration, in which ½Dorper + ½Santa Inez crossbred genotype and diet with 2.5 Mcal ME/kg DM showed the highest values. Genotype influenced the saturated fatty acids (SFA) concentration, with ½Dorper + ½Santa Inez crossbred obtaining the lowest mean, behavior similar to that observed for PUFA concentrations. Desirable fatty acids (DFA), atherogenicity index as well as PUFA:SFA, MUFA:SFA, (C18:0 + C18:1):C16:0 ratios were influenced by diet and genotype. ½Dorper + ½Santa Inez crossbred and diet with 2.5 Mcal ME/kg DM obtained the best results.

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