Abstract
Background
The IDSA recommends against screening for and treating ASB in all patients except for those pregnant or undergoing urologic procedures. Nevertheless, antibiotic treatment of ASB is widespread. We conducted a retrospective analysis of physician practices in diagnosis and management of Escherichia coli (E. coli) ASB in a male Veteran population, and compared outcomes in ASB patients treated or not treated with antibiotics.
Methods
Patients with an E. coli positive urine culture during an ED visit or inpatient admission from 01/2017 to 12/2017 were screened. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit or diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, or epididymitis/orchitis were excluded. A total of 163 patients were included. Demographics, clinical comorbidities and severity of illness, and outcomes were compared in ASB patients managed with or without antibiotics. ANOVA and Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were utilized for comparing measurements.
Results
ASB was present in 92/163 patients. The majority (74%) of these patients were given antibiotics. Regardless of qSOFA score or alternate infection, there were no significant differences in outcomes between ASB patients treated or not treated with antibiotics: 3-month mortality (15% vs 21%; p = 0.53), emergence of newly resistant bacterial pathogens (7% vs 13%; p = 0.43), recurrent urinary tract infections (61% vs 50%; p = 0.72), clearance of urinary pathogens (75% vs 58%; p = 0.45), length of hospital stay (7 vs 6 days, p = 0.67). Factors that were predictive of physician treatment of ASB included patient comorbid conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, pyuria, and the absence of hematuria. The incidence of adverse events with antibiotic treatment of ASB was low.
Conclusion
The rate of antibiotic treatment of E. coli ASB in male veterans is high. Outcomes do not differ among ASB patients managed with or without antibiotics. Future studies examining outcomes in patients prescribed antibiotics for multiple episodes of ASB may yield differences, particularly in emergence of resistant pathogens. Focusing on patients with comorbid conditions who are not critically ill would be a high yield target for provider education to reduce ASB treatment.
Disclosures
All Authors: No reported disclosures
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