scholarly journals Diagnosis of Amebic Liver Abscess and Intestinal Infection with the TechLab Entamoeba histolytica II Antigen Detection and Antibody Tests

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 3235-3239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashidul Haque ◽  
Nasir Uddin Mollah ◽  
Ibne Karim M. Ali ◽  
Khorshed Alam ◽  
Aleida Eubanks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Intestinal Infection ◽  
Entamoeba Dispar ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Culture Negative

A noninvasive diagnostic test for amebic liver abscess is needed, because amebic and bacterial abscesses appear identical on ultrasound or computer tomography and because it is rarely possible to identifyEntamoeba histolytica in stool specimens from patients with amebic liver abscess. Here we report a method of detection in serum of circulating E. histolytica Gal/GalNAc lectin to diagnose amebic liver abscess, which was used in patients from Dhaka, Bangladesh. The TechLab E. histolytica II test (which differentiates the true pathogen E. histolytica fromEntamoeba dispar) detected Gal/GalNAc lectin in the sera of 22 of 23 (96%) amebic liver abscess patients tested prior to treatment with the antiamebic drug metronidazole and 0 of 70 (0%) controls. After 1 week of treatment with metronidazole, 9 of 11 (82%) patients became serum lectin antigen negative. The sensitivity of the E. histolytica II antigen detection test for intestinal infection was also evaluated. Antigen detection identified E. histolytica infection in 50 samples from 1,164 asymptomatic preschool children aged 2 to 5 years, including 16 of 16 (100%) culture-positive specimens. PCR analysis of stool specimens was used to confirm that most antigen-positive but culture-negative specimens were true-positive: PCR identified parasite DNA in 27 of 34 (79%) of the antigen-positive, culture-negative stool specimens. Antigen detection was a more sensitive test for infection than antilectin antibodies, which were detected in only 76 of 98 (78%) amebic liver abscess patients and in 26 of 50 (52%) patients with intestinal infection. We conclude that the TechLab E. histolytica II kit is a sensitive means to diagnose hepatic and intestinal amebiasis prior to the institution of metronidazole treatment.

scholarly journals Identification of the Entamoeba histolytica Galactose-Inhibitable Lectin Epitopes Recognized by Human Immunoglobulin A Antibodies following Cure of Amebic Liver Abscess

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 3974-3980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed D. Abd-Alla ◽  
Terry F. G. H. Jackson ◽  
Ginny C. Soong ◽  
Mary Mazanec ◽  
Jonathan I. Ravdin
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Intestinal Infection ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Intestinal Iga

ABSTRACT Immunity to Entamoeba species intestinal infection is associated with the presence of intestinal IgA antibodies against the parasite's galactose-inhibitable adherence lectin. We determined the epitope specificity of serum and intestinal antilectin IgA antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using overlapping fragments of a recombinant portion of the lectin heavy subunit, designated LC3. These findings were correlated with the effects of epitope-specific murine antilectin immunoglobulin A (IgA) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) on amebic in vitro galactose-specific adherence. LC3 is a highly antigenic and immunogenic cysteine-rich protein (amino acids [aa] 758 to 1150) that includes the lectin's carbohydrate binding domain. The study subjects, from Durban, South Africa, were recently cured of amebic liver abscess (ALA) with or without concurrent Entamoeba histolytica intestinal infection or were infection free 1 year after cure. We also studied seropositive subjects that were infected with E. histolytica, disease free, and asymptomatic. Serum anti-LC3 IgA antibodies from all study groups exclusively recognized the third (aa 868 to 944) and the seventh (aa 1114 to 1134) LC3 epitopes regardless of clinical status; epitope 6 (aa 1070 to 1114) was also recognized by serum anti-LC3 IgG antibodies. However, IgG antibody recognition of epitope 6 but not 3 or 7 was lost 1 year following cure of ALA. We produced 14 murine anti-LC3 IgA MAbs which collectively recognized five of the seven LC3 epitopes. The majority of the murine MAbs recognized the first epitope (aa 758 to 826), which was not recognized by human IgA antibodies. Interestingly, adherence of E. histolytica trophozoites to CHO cells was inhibited by MAbs against epitopes 1, 3, 4 (aa 944 to 987), and 6 (P < 0.01). The LC3 epitopes recognized by human IgA antibodies (3 and 7) were further characterized by use of overlapping synthetic peptides. We identified four peptides (aa 891 to 903, 918 to 936, 1114 to 1134, and 1128 to 1150) that in linear or cyclized form were recognized by pooled intestinal IgA antibodies and serum IgG antibodies from subjects with ALA and asymptomatic, seropositive infected subjects. This study identifies the lectin epitopes to be studied in an amebiasis subunit vaccine designed to elicit mucosal immunity mimicking that of humans cured of ALA.

Entamoeba histolytica  : production of nitric oxide and in situ activity of NADPH diaphorase in amebic liver abscess of hamsters

2001 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pacheco-Yépez ◽  
R. Campos-Rodríguez ◽  
M. Shibayama ◽  
J. Ventura-Juárez ◽  
J. Serrano-Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess

Cutaneous Amebiasis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-598
Author(s):  
Mary Ellen Rimsza ◽  
Robert A. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Hepatic Abscess ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Colostomy Site ◽  
Histolytica Infection ◽  
Laparotomy Incision

An infant with cutaneous amebiasis of the vulva and amebic liver abscess is described. Epidemiologic investigations and serologic studies were crucial in establishing the diagnosis. The vulvar amebic ulcers responded dramatically to metronidazole therapy. Cutaneous amebiasis is a rare complication of Entamoeba histolytica infection which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of perineovulvar or penile ulcers. Cutaneous amebiasis may also occur on the abdominal wall surrounding a draining hepatic abscess, colostomy site, or laparotomy incision.

scholarly journals Protection against Invasive Amebiasis by a Single Monoclonal Antibody Directed against a Lipophosphoglycan Antigen Localized on the Surface of Entamoeba histolytica

1997 ◽  
Vol 186 (9) ◽  
pp. 1557-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Marinets ◽  
Tonghai Zhang ◽  
Nancy Guillén ◽  
Pierre Gounon ◽  
Barbara Bohle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Outer Face ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Con A ◽  
Entamoeba Dispar ◽  
Confocal Immunofluorescence ◽  
Scid Mouse Model ◽  
First Time

A panel of monoclonal antibodies was raised from mice immunized with a membrane preparation from Entamoeba histolytica, the pathogenic species causing invasive amebiasis in humans. Antibody EH5 gave a polydisperse band in immunoblots from membrane preparations from different E. histolytica strains, and a much weaker signal from two strains of the nonpathogenic species Entamoeba dispar. Although the exact chemical structure of the EH5 antigen is not yet known, the ability of the antigen to be metabolically radiolabeled with [32P]phosphate or [3H]glucose, its sensitivity to digestion by mild acid and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, and its specific extraction from E. histolytica trophozoites by a method used to prepare lipophosphoglycans from Leishmania showed that it could be classified as an amebal lipophosphoglycan. Confocal immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling of trophozoites localized the antigen on the outer face of the plasma membrane and on the inner face of internal vesicle membranes. Antibody EH5 strongly agglutinated amebas in a similar way to concanavalin A (Con A), and Con A bound to immunoaffinity-purified EH5 antigen. Therefore, surface lipophosphoglycans may play an important role in the preferential agglutination of pathogenic amebas by Con A. The protective ability of antibody EH5 was tested in a passive immunization experiment in a severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse model. Intrahepatic challenge of animals after administration of an isotype-matched control antibody or without treatment led to the development of a liver abscess in all cases, whereas 11 out of 12 animals immunized with the EH5 antibody developed no liver abscess. Our results demonstrate the importance and, for the first time, the protective capacity of glycan antigens on the surface of the amebas.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Thromboembolism Complicating Amebic Liver Abscess: First Reported Case in the United States—Case Report and Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon McKenzie ◽  
Michael Gale ◽  
Sunny Patel ◽  
Grazyna Kaluta
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
The United States ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess ◽  
The Usa

Even in the absence of Amebic colitis, Amebic liver abscess (ALA) is the most common extraintestinal complication ofEntamoeba histolyticainfection. In the USA, it is most prevalent in middle aged immigrant males from endemic countries such as Africa, Mexico, and India. One of the complications of ALA is inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis, which is believed to result from the mechanical compression of the IVC and the consequent thrombogenic nidus elicited from the resultant inflammatory response. There are very few reported cases and even fewer in which the thrombus became a harbinger to pulmonary thromboembolism. We present the case of a 43-year-old male from West Africa who presented with the chief complaint of right upper quadrant abdominal pain for one week associated with persistent nonproductive cough. He had a positive serumEntamoeba histolyticaantibody with CT scan findings of a hepatic abscess with thrombosis of the hepatic vein and inferior vena cava and numerous bilateral pulmonary emboli. This amebic liver abscess was successfully treated with metronidazole and paromomycin, whereas the pulmonary thromboembolism was managed with medical anticoagulation. Based on current knowledge, this is the first reported case in the USA.

scholarly journals Expression of Amoebapores Is Required for Full Expression of Entamoeba histolytica Virulence in Amebic Liver Abscess but Is Not Necessary for the Induction of Inflammation or Tissue Damage in Amebic Colitis

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 678-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochun Zhang ◽  
Zhi Zhang ◽  
Diane Alexander ◽  
Rivka Bracha ◽  
David Mirelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Scid Mouse ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Amphipathic Peptides ◽  
Amebic Colitis ◽  
Scid Mouse Model ◽  
Cellular Lysis

ABSTRACT Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites produce amoebapores, a family of small amphipathic peptides capable of insertion into bacterial or eukaryotic membranes and causing cellular lysis. Recently, E. histolytica trophozoites that are totally deficient in the production of amoebapore-A were created through a gene silencing mechanism (R. Bracha, Y. Nuchamowitz, and D. Mirelman, Eukaryot. Cell 2:295-305, 2003). Here we tested the virulence of amoebapore A(−) trophozoites in models of the two major forms of amebic disease: amebic liver abscess and amebic colitis. We demonstrate that amoebapore expression is required for full virulence in the SCID mouse model of amebic liver abscess, but E. histolytica trophozoites that do not express amoebapore-A can still cause inflammation and tissue damage in infected human colonic xenografts. These data are consistent with the concept that tissue damage may proceed by different mechanisms in amebic liver abscess compared to amebic colitis.

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