scholarly journals Canine brucellosis: bacteriological and serological investigation of naturally infected dogs in Mexico City

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-597
Author(s):  
R Flores-Castro ◽  
F Suarez ◽  
C Ramirez-Pfeiffer ◽  
L E Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Bacteriological Investigation ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Canine Brucellosis

Bacteriological investigation of canine brucellosis in Mexico City revealed a high rate (11.8%) of Brucella canis infection in a sampling of 59 stray dogs. When conservative criteria were employed in the interpretation of serological test results, there was general agreement between the serological and bacteriological findings; however, some animals with localized male genital tract infections could not be judged as infected solely by serological tests. All Mexican field isolates were identified as B. canis; however, some diversity was observed as regards nitrate reduction, growth in the presence of basic fuchsine, and the degree of mucoidness. The seemingly high prevalence of B. canis infection in Mexico City dogs suggests the need for further inquiry into the possible public health significance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of celiac disease in dyspeptic patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Machado de Lima ◽  
Lenora Gandolfi ◽  
José Augusto de Araújo Pires ◽  
Riccardo Pratesi
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Duodenal Biopsy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Routine Testing ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
High Prevalence

BACKGROUND: Celiac disease is one of the most common dietary-mediated inflammatory enteropathies that occur in genetically predisposed individuals in response to gluten intolerance. This disorder has become more common than in the past, even if it frequently remains undetected for long periods of time. The screening of patients with dyspepsia, a symptom that can be a manifestation of celiac disease, may allow an early identification of affected individuals. Endoscopy and serological tests may have an important role in the management of these patients. AIMS: Determining the prevalence of celiac disease in dyspeptic patients submitted to routine diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. PATIENTS/METHODS: Endoscopic findings, duodenal biopsy histological specimens and serological test results were assessed and compared in 142 patients consecutively admitted with dyspeptic symptoms between October 2001 and October 2003. RESULTS: An endoscopic pattern suggestive of celiac disease was observed in four patients. The IgG-AGA assay was positive in 24 patients. Two of the IgG-AGA positive patients also yielded positive results on the IgA-EMA test and concomitantly disclosed endoscopic pattern and histological features in duodenal biopsy compatible with celiac disease. Abnormal endoscopic findings were notably marked in biopsy proven celiac patients. Therefore, a 1.4% prevalence of celiac disease was observed in this study group. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of celiac among dyspeptic symptomatic individuals indicates that they are a higher risk group for developing celiac disease. Undiagnosed celiac disease may be inferred by endoscopic markers of duodenal villous atrophy. Endoscopic findings, however, may be inadequate to suitably diagnose this disease and consequently the incorporation of diagnostic serologic assays of celiac disease in routine testing for dyspepsia is strongly recommended.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sensitivity and Specificity of ELISA and PBA for IgM Detection to LPS Antigen of Salmonella Typhi

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmy Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Serum Antibody Titer

The high prevalence of typhoid fever in developing countries, includingIndonesia has prompted the exploration of various serologic tests and antigen detectionmethod to obtain an early and accurate diagnosis of patients with typhoid fever.Although typhoid fever is confirmed by culture of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi,there is still an urgent need for the rapid, simple serological tests and evaluation ofeffective and appropriate diagnostics for typhoid fever. In this study, we evaluated and compared the sensitivity and specifity of ELISA and Passive Bacterial Agglutination(PBA) as an agglutination-based serological test to LPS antigen of Salmonella Typhiand the effectiveness of local antigen in detecting the production of specific antibody(IgM) to patient with typhoid fever. We collected serum sample of 50 suspected typhoidfever from DR. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital, Daya General Hospital, GowaGeneral Hospital and Kassi-Kassi Public Health Center in Makassar, South of Sulawesi.They were grouped based on sex, duration of fever, and age. Serum antibody titer weremeasured by ELISA and PBA. Data were analiyzed satistically by using cross tabulationand chi-square (CI = 95%). The Result of this study showed that PBA technique has thelevel of sensitivity and specifity respectively 100% and 92 %, while ELISA was 84% and28%. It suggested that PBA has a greater level of sensitivity and specifity than ELISA.We also showed that LPS antigen that we obtained from local isolate of SalmonellaTyphi, can be used as a standard antigen in diagnosing typhoid fever.

scholarly journals High prevalence of false positive SARS-CoV2 serology in a cohort of patients with liver autoimmune diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 372-377
Author(s):  
Maria Giulia Cornacchia ◽  
Moris Sangineto ◽  
Rosanna Villani ◽  
Francesco Cavallone ◽  
Giuseppe Di Gioia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
False Positivity

Aim Monitoring the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) immunization in patients with autoimmune diseases is of particular concern to understand their response to the infection and to the vaccine. In fact, the immunological disorder and the immunosuppressive therapies could affect the serological response. SARS-CoV2 serological tests potentially provide this information, although they were rapidly commercialized with internal verifications. Here, we analysed the seroprevalence to SARS-CoV2 in a cohort of patients with liver autoimmune diseases. Methods From May to December 2020, a cohort of patients affected by primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and PBC/AIH overlap syndrome were screened with (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) RT-PCR of nasopharyngeal swabs, rapid antigenic test and chemiluminescent serological test during routine follow-up. Results The analysis of 42 patients was carried out: 18 (42.85%) PBC, 12 (28.57%) AIH and 12 (28.57%) PBC/AIH overlap syndromes. Only 2 patients (4.76%) resulted positive to the RNA, antigen and antibody detection tests, hence affected by SARS-CoV2 infection. 14 subjects out of 40 negative cases presented a positive serology for SARS-CoV2 antibodies, hence with a false positivity in the 35% of cases without infection. Among these, 6 (42.86%) patients presented only immunoglobulin (Ig)M positivity, 6 (42.86%) patients presented positivity for only IgG and 2 (14.28%) patients were positive to both IgM and IgG. Notably, the presence of autoantibodies did not correlate with the serological false positivity, highlighting that there is no cross-reactivity with autoantibodies. The presence of polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia did not interfere with the serological test as well. Interestingly, the patients with false positive serology showed higher levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Conclusions Patients with liver autoimmune diseases present a high rate of false positive SARS-CoV2 serology. Therefore, new strategies are needed to study the serological response in this patient category.

RESULTS OF LOWER GENITAL TRACT INFECTION INTERVENTION AMONG KHMER WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN CAN THO IN 2016

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Trung Thuan Phan ◽  
Dinh Binh Tran ◽  
Thanh Hue Dinh ◽  
Phong Son Dinh ◽  
Kieu Oanh Truong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Can Tho City

Objectives: To find a model that is effective intervention to reduce the incidence of lower genital tract infections in Khmer women. Subjects and Methods: The intervention study is carried which compared the test group with the control group of 400 Khmer women, aged 15 to 49 in Can Tho city. Results: The common knowledge of the prevention of lower genital tract infections in the intervention group increased from 30.9% in the control group to 54.5% in the intervention group. The general attitude toward the use of lower genital tract infections increased from 22.3% in the control group to 78.0% in the intervention group. This is a very significant improvement. The prevalence of subclinical infection of the intervention group (26.0%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (39.3%), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Intervention effectiveness is good in both knowledge, attitudes and practices, especially the effectiveness of interventions in practice in Khmer women. Key words: Effective intervention, lower genital tract infections, Khmer women, Can Tho city

Etiology and clinical features of epididymo-orchitis: A single-center study in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Abolghasemi ◽  
Mohammad Alizadeh ◽  
Ali Hashemi ◽  
Shabnam Tehrani
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Urinary Frequency ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Epididymo-orchitis is a common urological disease among men. Little is known about the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the disease in Iran. Thus, the present study was aimed to investigate the etiology, clinical sequelae and risk factors of patients with epididymo-orchitis in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: Patients presenting with epididymo-orchitis were prospectively analyzed in order to study the etiology and pattern of the disease. Bacteriological, molecular and serological tests were undertaken to look for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Brucella spp., Mycoplasma spp, and other bacteria. Results: Fifty patients with epididymo-orchitis were evaluated according to their clinical symptoms, duration of symptoms, physical examination, and laboratory studies. The mean age of the patients was 53 years. Fever, dysuria, pain in the flanks, urinary frequency and discharges occurred in 58.0%, 50.0%, 50.0%, 28.0% and 6.0%, respectively. Bacterial pathogen was identified in 26% (13/50) of patients by urine culture. Escherichia coli was the etiological agent in 11/13 patients (84.6%). Two out of 50 patients (4.0%) were also positive for Chlamydia trachomatis. Two samples were serologically positive for Brucella spp. High Mean age, fever, urinary frequency, history of the underlying disease and history of urinary tract infections were found to have a significant association with the positive bacteriologic urine culture (P<0.05). Conclusions: The most common clinical manifestations were fever, dysuria, and abdominal pain. E. coli and C. trachomatis were the major causative agents. Use of a set of diagnostic approaches including clinical symptoms, urine culture and more precise techniques such as PCR should be taken into consideration for the definitive diagnosis.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology and Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Urine at a Teaching Hospital in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Yuarn-Jang Lee ◽  
Chih-Hung Huang ◽  
Noor Andryan Ilsan ◽  
I-Hui Lee ◽  
Tzu-Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in clinics and hospitals and are associated with a high economic burden. Enterobacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae is a prevalent agent causing UTIs. A high prevalence of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) has emerged recently and is continuing to increase. Seventeen urinary CRKP isolates collected at a teaching hospital in Taiwan from December 2016 to September 2017 were analyzed to elucidate their drug resistance mechanisms. Two-thirds of the isolates were obtained from outpatients. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests demonstrated multidrug resistance in all the isolates. Multilocus sequence typing analysis showed high diversity among the isolates. PCR analysis demonstrated the presence of carbapenemases in three isolates. All isolates carried at least one other extended-spectrum β-lactamase, including TEM, DHA, and CTX-M. Fifteen isolates contained mutations in one of the outer membrane porins that were assessed. The expression levels of the acrB and/or oqxB efflux pump genes, as determined by qRT-PCR, were upregulated in 11 isolates. Six isolates might have utilized other efflux pumps or antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. These analyses demonstrated a highly diverse population and the presence of complex resistance mechanisms in urinary isolates of K. pneumoniae.

scholarly journals Seropositivity to canine tick-borne pathogens in a population of sick dogs in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan ◽  
Giovanni Benelli ◽  
Marcos Antonio Bezerra-Santos ◽  
Viet-Linh Nguyen ◽  
Giuseppe Conte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Rickettsia Conorii ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
The South ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Distribution Maps

Abstract Background Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) associated to ticks are among the most important health issues affecting dogs. In Italy, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma spp., Rickettsia conorii and Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) have been studied in both healthy canine populations and those clinically ill with suspected CVBDs. However, little information is currently available on the overall prevalence and distribution of these pathogens in the country. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and distribution of tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in clinically suspect dogs from three Italian macro areas during a 15-year period (2006–2020). Methods A large dataset (n = 21,992) of serological test results for selected TBPs in three macro areas in Italy was analysed using a Chi-square test to evaluate the associations between the categorical factors (i.e. macro area, region, year, sex and age) and a standard logistic regression model (significance set at P = 0.05). Serological data were presented as annual and cumulative prevalence, and distribution maps of cumulative positive cases for TBPs were generated. Results Of the tested serum samples, 86.9% originated from northern (43.9%) and central (43%) Italy. The majority of the tests was requested for the diagnosis of E. canis (47%; n = 10,334), followed by Rickettsia spp. (35.1%; n = 7725), B. burgdorferi (s.l.) (11.6%; n = 2560) and Anaplasma spp. (6.2%; n = 1373). The highest serological exposure was recorded for B. burgdorferi (s.l.) (83.5%), followed by Rickettsia spp. (64.9%), Anaplasma spp. (39.8%) and E. canis (28.7%). The highest number of cumulative cases of Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) was recorded in samples from Tuscany, central Italy. Rickettsia spp. was more prevalent in the south and on the islands, particularly in dogs on Sicily older than 6 years, whereas Anaplasma spp. was more prevalent in the north and E. canis more prevalent in the south and on the islands. Conclusions The results of this study highlight the high seroprevalence and wide distribution of the four TBPs in dogs with clinically suspected CVBDs from the studied regions of Italy. The very high seroprevalence of B. burgdorferi (s.l.) exemplifies a limitation of this study, given the use of clinically suspect dogs and the possibility of cross-reactions when using serological tests. The present research provides updated and illustrative information on the seroprevalence and distribution of four key TBPs, and advocates for integrative control strategies for their prevention. Grapic abstract

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