scholarly journals The 2.6-Angstrom Structure of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus-Derived T=1 Particles Reveals New Stabilizing Elements of the Virus Capsid

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (14) ◽  
pp. 6895-6905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damià Garriga ◽  
Jordi Querol-Audí ◽  
Fernando Abaitua ◽  
Irene Saugar ◽  
Joan Pous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Crystal Packing ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Threefold Axis ◽  
Helical Segment ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a member of the Birnaviridae family, is a double-stranded RNA virus that causes a highly contagious disease in young chickens leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. The VP2 protein, the only structural component of the IBDV icosahedral capsid, spontaneously assembles into T=1 subviral particles (SVP) when individually expressed as a chimeric gene. We have determined the crystal structure of the T=1 SVP to 2.60 Å resolution. Our results show that the 20 trimeric VP2 clusters forming the T=1 shell are further stabilized by calcium ions located at the threefold icosahedral axes. The structure also reveals a new unexpected domain swapping that mediates interactions between adjacent trimers: a short helical segment located close to the end of the long C-terminal arm of VP2 is projected toward the threefold axis of a neighboring VP2 trimer, leading to a complex network of interactions that increases the stability of the T=1 particles. Analysis of crystal packing shows that the exposed capsid residues, His253 and Thr284, determinants of IBDV virulence and the adaptation of the virus to grow in cell culture, are involved in particle-particle interactions.

scholarly journals Chicken Heat Shock Protein 70 Is an Essential Host Protein for Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Infection In Vitro

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Yufang Meng ◽  
Xiaoxue Yu ◽  
Chunxue You ◽  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
Yingfeng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Host Protein ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Bursal Disease

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection causes pathogenicity and mortality in chickens, leading to huge economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Studies of host-virus interaction can help us to better understand the viral pathogenicity. As a highly conservative host factor, heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is observed to be involved in numerous viral infections. However, there is little information about the role of chicken Hsp70 (cHsp70) in IBDV infection. In the present study, the increased expression of cHsp70 was observed during IBDV-infected DF-1 cells. Further studies revealed that Hsp70 had similar locations with the viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and the result of pull-down assay showed the direct interaction between cHsp70 with dsRNA, viral proteins (vp)2 and 3, indicating that maybe cHsp70 participates in the formation of the replication and transcription complex. Furthermore, overexpression of cHsp70 promoted IBDV production and knockdown of cHsp70 using small interfering RNAs (siRNA) and reducedviral production, implying the necessity of cHsp70 in IBDV infection. These results reveal that cHsp70 is essential for IBDV infection in DF-1 cells, suggesting that targeting cHsp70 may be applied as an antiviral strategy.

scholarly journals Genomic sequence of infectious bursal disease virus from Zambia suggests evidence for genome re-assortment in nature

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Kasanga ◽  
T. Yamaguchi ◽  
H.M. Munang’andu ◽  
P.N. Wambura ◽  
K. Ohya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Nucleotide Homology ◽  
Reassortant Strain ◽  
Bursal Disease

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a bi-segmented RNA virus, which belongs to the genus Avibirnavirus of the family Birnaviridae. Two serotypes, 1 and 2, exist in IBDV. The serotype 1 IBDVs are the causative agents of infectious bursal disease (IBD) in chickens worldwide and lead to immunosuppression in young birds. Genome re-assortment has been speculated to occur and contribute to the emergence of new IBDV strains. However, evidence was lacking until recently when two re-assortant viruses were detected in China. In this study, we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of an IBDV, designated KZC-104, from a confirmed natural IBD outbreak in Lusaka, Zambia in 2004. The genome consisted of 3074 and 2651 nucleotides in the coding regions of segments A and B, respectively. Alignment of both nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the genome segment A of KZC-104 was derived from a very virulent strain, whereas its segment B was derived from a classical attenuated strain. On BLAST search, the full-length segments A and B sequences showed 98% closest nucleotide homology to the very virulent strain D6948 and 99.8% closest nucleotide homology to the classical attenuated strain D78, respectively. This is a unique IBDV reassortant strain, which has emerged in nature involving segment B of a live attenuated vaccine. This observation provides direct evidence for the involvement of vaccine strains in the emergence of reassortant IBDV in the field. Taken together, these findings suggest an additional risk of using live IBDV vaccines, which may act as genetic donors for genome re-assortment. Further studies are required to investigate the epidemiology and biological characteristics of reassortant strains so that the appropriate and safe IBDV vaccines can be recommended.

scholarly journals Infectious Bursal Disease Virus: Ribonucleoprotein Complexes of a Double-Stranded RNA Virus

2009 ◽  
Vol 386 (3) ◽  
pp. 891-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Luque ◽  
Irene Saugar ◽  
María Teresa Rejas ◽  
José L. Carrascosa ◽  
José F. Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Ribonucleoprotein Complexes ◽  
Bursal Disease

scholarly journals C Terminus of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Major Capsid Protein VP2 Is Involved in Definition of the T Number for Capsid Assembly

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (22) ◽  
pp. 10815-10828 ◽  
Author(s):  
José R. Castón ◽  
Jorge L. Martı́nez-Torrecuadrada ◽  
Antonio Maraver ◽  
Eleuterio Lombardo ◽  
José F. Rodrı́guez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Major Capsid Protein ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Capsid Assembly ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Bursal Disease

ABSTRACT Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a member of the Birnaviridae family, is a double-stranded RNA virus. The IBDV capsid is formed by two major structural proteins, VP2 and VP3, which assemble to form a T=13 markedly nonspherical capsid. During viral infection, VP2 is initially synthesized as a precursor, called VPX, whose C end is proteolytically processed to the mature form during capsid assembly. We have computed three-dimensional maps of IBDV capsid and virus-like particles built up by VP2 alone by using electron cryomicroscopy and image-processing techniques. The IBDV single-shelled capsid is characterized by the presence of 260 protruding trimers on the outer surface. Five classes of trimers can be distinguished according to their different local environments. When VP2 is expressed alone in insect cells, dodecahedral particles form spontaneously; these may be assembled into larger, fragile icosahedral capsids built up by 12 dodecahedral capsids. Each dodecahedral capsid is an empty T=1 shell composed of 20 trimeric clusters of VP2. Structural comparison between IBDV capsids and capsids consisting of VP2 alone allowed the determination of the major capsid protein locations and the interactions between them. Whereas VP2 forms the outer protruding trimers, VP3 is found as trimers on the inner surface and may be responsible for stabilizing functions. Since elimination of the C-terminal region of VPX is correlated with the assembly of T=1 capsids, this domain might be involved (either alone or in cooperation with VP3) in the induction of different conformations of VP2 during capsid morphogenesis.

scholarly journals Sequence diversity and evolution of infectious bursal disease virus in Iraq

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Ali Hadi Abbas ◽  
Haider Abas AL saegh ◽  
Furkan Sabbar ALaraji
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Sequence Diversity ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Vp2 Gene ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Bursal Disease

Background: Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) is a highly infectious disease which causes huge economic losses to the poultry industry due to the direct impact of the illness and indirect consequences such as decreasing the general immunity of the flock, leaving it naive to other diseases. In Iraq, IBD is highly prevalent despite vaccination programs, yet studies on sequence diversity of the causative virus are still rare.  Methods: A sample from Bursa of Fabricius from an IBD outbreak in a flock in the city of Najaf in Iraq was smeared on an FTA card. Amplicons of targeted regions in VP1 and VP2 genes were generated and sequenced. Sequences were then compared with other local and global sequences downloaded from GenBank repositories. Sequence alignment and DNA sequence analyses were achieved using MUSCLE, UGENE and MEGAx software. The molecular clock and sequence evolutionary analyses were applied using MEGAx tools.  Results: The strain sequenced in this study belongs to a very virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (vvIBDV) as the DNA and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 and VP2 gene sequences showed a mutual clustering with similar sequences belonging to vvIBDV genogroup 3. Analyses of the hyper variable region of VP2 gene (hvVP2) of IBDV isolates from Iraq indicates a presence of sequence diversity. Interestingly, the two vaccine strains Ventri IBDV Plus and ABIC MB71 that showed the highest sequence similarity to the local isolates in the hvVP2 region are not used in vaccination routine against IBDV in Iraq.  Conclusion: Sequences of vvIBDV in Iraq are diverse. Remarkably, some of the available vaccine strains show high sequence similarity with local strains in Iraq; however, they are not included in the routine vaccination programs. Analysis of more samples involving more geographical regions is needed to draw a detailed map of antigenic diversity of IBDV in Iraq.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization and Demographic Study on Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Faisalabad District

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254605
Author(s):  
Sanaullah Sajid ◽  
Sajjad ur Rahman ◽  
Mashkoor Mohsin Gilani ◽  
Zia ud Din Sindhu ◽  
Manel Ben Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Bursal Disease

The re-emergence of virulent strains of the Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) leads to significant economic losses of poultry industry in Pakistan during last few years. This disease causes the infection of bursa, which leads to major immune losses. A total number of 30 samples from five IBD outbreaks during the period of 2019–20 were collected from different areas of Faisalabad district, Pakistan and assayed by targeting the IBD virus VP2 region through RT-PCR. Among all the outbreaks, almost 80% of poultry birds were found positive for the IBDV. The bursa tissues were collected from the infected birds and histopathological examination of samples revealed severe lymphocytic depletion, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and necrosis of the bursa of Fabricius (BF). Positive samples were subjected to re-isolation and molecular characterization of IBDV. The Pakistan IBDV genes were subjected to DNA sequencing to determine the virus nucleotide sequences. The sequences of 100 Serotype-I IBDVs showing nearest homology were compared and identified with the study sequence. The construction of the phylogenetic tree for nucleotide sequences was accomplished by the neighbor-joining method in MEGA-6 with reference strains. The VP2 segment reassortment of IBDVs carrying segment A were identified as one important type of circulating strains in Pakistan. The findings indicated the molecular features of the Pakistan IBDV strains playing a role in the evolution of new strains of the virus, which will contribute to the vaccine selection and effective prevention of the disease.

scholarly journals SUMO1 Modification Facilitates Avibirnavirus Replication by Stabilizing Polymerase VP1

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huansheng Wu ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Gang Ji ◽  
Tuyuan Zheng ◽  
Yina Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Posttranslational Modification ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Biological Pathways ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Vp1 Protein ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT SUMOylation is a posttranslational modification that has crucial roles in diverse cellular biological pathways and in various viral life cycles. In this study, we found that the VP1 protein, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of avibirnavirus infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), regulates virus replication by SUMOylation during infection. Our data demonstrated that the polymerase VP1 is efficiently modified by small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (SUMO1) in avibirnavirus-infected cell lines. Mutation analysis showed that residues 404I and 406I within SUMO interaction motif 3 of VP1 constitute the critical site for SUMO1 modification. Protein stability assays showed that SUMO1 modification enhanced significantly the stability of polymerase VP1 by inhibiting K48-linked ubiquitination. A reverse genetic approach showed that only IBDV with I404C/T and I406C/F mutations of VP1 could be rescued successfully with decreased replication ability. Our data demonstrated that SUMO1 modification is essential to sustain the stability of polymerase VP1 during IBDV replication and provides a potential target for designing antiviral drugs targeting IBDV. IMPORTANCE SUMOylation is an extensively discussed posttranslational modification in diverse cellular biological pathways. However, there is limited understanding about SUMOylation of viral proteins of IBDV during infection. In the present study, we revealed a SUMO1 modification of VP1 protein, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of avibirnavirus infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). The required site of VP1 SUMOylation comprised residues 404I and 406I of SUMO interaction motif 3, which was essential for maintaining its stability by inhibiting K48-linked ubiquitination. We also showed that IBDV with SUMOylation-deficient VP1 had decreased replication ability. These data demonstrated that the SUMOylation of IBDV VP1 played an important role in maintaining IBDV replication.

scholarly journals Molecular characterisation of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) isolated from commercial broiler chickens in Nile Delta

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Alkhalefa ◽  
M. El-Abasy ◽  
S. Kasem ◽  
E. Abu El-Naga
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Vp2 Gene ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Commercial Broiler

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a highly infectious disease affecting young chickens that alters predominantly the immune system. Emergence of new variants causes severe economic losses not only in Egypt but also all over the world. For this purpose assessment of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) genotypes in 20 commercial broiler flocks aged 20–35 days raised in 5 provinces in the Nile Delta, Egypt (Gharbia, Dakahlya, Kafr El sheikh, Zagazig and Domietta) was carried out. All flocks were vaccinated against IBD virus. RT-PCR revealed successful amplification of 620 bp of VP2 in 17 out of 20 samples (85%). VP2 gene nucleotide sequence analysis of six IBDV isolates (F342-1, F342-2, F342-4, F342-5 and F342-7) revealed 99.1 % similarity to the Giza 2000, Giza 2008 vv, SV-G1, SV-G2, SV-G4 and SV-G5 which were very virulent IBDV strains while the isolate F342-3 was close to D78 classical vaccinal strain and Kal 2001 classical IBDV strain variant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document