scholarly journals Extracellular Matrix-Associated Protein Sc1 Is Not Essential for Mouse Development

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 656-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. McKinnon ◽  
Susan K. McLaughlin ◽  
Manuela Kapsetaki ◽  
Robert F. Margolskee
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Gene Targeting ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Mouse Development ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Developing Nervous System

ABSTRACT Sc1 is an extracellular matrix-associated protein whose function is unknown. During early embryonic development, Sc1 is widely expressed, and from embryonic day 12 (E12), Sc1 is expressed primarily in the developing nervous system. This switch in Sc1 expression at E12 suggests an importance for nervous-system development. To gain insight into Sc1 function, we used gene targeting to inactivate mouse Sc1. The Sc1-null mice showed no obvious deficits in any organs. These mice were born at the expected ratios, were fertile, and had no obvious histological abnormalities, and their long-term survival did not differ from littermate controls. Therefore, the function of Sc1 during development is not critical or, in its absence, is subserved by another protein.

scholarly journals Rybp/DEDAF Is Required for Early Postimplantation and for Central Nervous System Development

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 7193-7202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda K. Pirity ◽  
Joseph Locker ◽  
Nicole Schreiber-Agus
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Neural Tube Closure ◽  
Central Nervous System Development ◽  
Mouse Development

ABSTRACT The Rybp/DEDAF protein has been implicated in both transcriptional regulation and apoptotic signaling, but its precise molecular function is unclear. To determine the physiological role of Rybp, we analyzed its expression during mouse development and generated mice carrying a targeted deletion of Rybp using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Rybp was found to be broadly expressed during embryogenesis and was particularly abundant in extraembryonic tissues, including trophoblast giant cells. Consistent with this result, rybp homozygous null embryos exhibited lethality at the early postimplantation stage. At this time, Rybp was essential for survival of the embryo, for the establishment of functional extraembryonic structures, and for the execution of full decidualization. Through the use of a chimeric approach, the embryonic lethal phenotype was circumvented and a role for Rybp in central nervous system development was uncovered. Specifically, the presence of Rybp-deficient cells resulted in marked forebrain overgrowth and in localized regions of disrupted neural tube closure. Functions for Rybp in the brain also were supported by the finding of exencephaly in about 15% of rybp heterozygous mutant embryos, and by Rybp's distinct neural expression pattern. Together, these findings support critical roles for Rybp at multiple stages of mouse embryogenesis.

scholarly journals What should Medical Students Know and Understand about Fetal Ultrasonography of the Nervous System?

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Richard D Brower
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Fetal Ultrasonography ◽  
Critical Observation ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
School Learning ◽  
Developing Nervous System

Abstract Evaluation of the developing nervous system is a standard and relatively sensitive component of routine fetal ultrasonography. Medical school learning objectives should direct students to consolidate core concepts related to normal and abnormal fetal nervous system development through critical observation of this commonly performed clinical procedure.

scholarly journals Noninvasive harmonics optical microscopy for long-term observation of embryonic nervous system development in vivo

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 054022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szu-Yu Chen ◽  
Cho-Shuen Hsieh ◽  
Shi-Wei Chu ◽  
Cheng-Yung Lin ◽  
Ching-Yi Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Embryonic Nervous System ◽  
Long Term Observation

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal expression of IgLON family members in the developing mouse nervous system

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney Fearnley ◽  
Reesha Raja ◽  
Jean-François Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
System Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Spatiotemporal Expression ◽  
Developing Nervous System

AbstractDifferential expression of cell adhesion molecules in neuronal populations is one of the many mechanisms promoting the formation of functional neural circuits in the developing nervous system. The IgLON family consists of five cell surface immunoglobulin proteins that have been associated with various developmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder. However, there is still limited and fragmented information about their patterns of expression in certain regions of the developing nervous system and how their expression contributes to their function. Utilizing an in situ hybridization approach, we have analyzed the spatiotemporal expression of all IgLON family members in the developing mouse brain, spinal cord, eye, olfactory epithelium, and vomeronasal organ. At one prenatal (E16) and two postnatal (P0 and P15) ages, we show that each IgLON displays distinct expression patterns in the olfactory system, cerebral cortex, midbrain, cerebellum, spinal cord, and eye, indicating that they likely contribute to the wiring of specific neuronal circuitry. These analyses will inform future functional studies aimed at identifying additional roles for these proteins in nervous system development.

scholarly journals Delayed Development of Nervous System in Mice Homozygous for Disrupted Microtubule-associated Protein 1B (MAP1B) Gene

1997 ◽  
Vol 137 (7) ◽  
pp. 1615-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Takei ◽  
Satoru Kondo ◽  
Akihiro Harada ◽  
Satomi Inomata ◽  
Tetsuo Noda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Gene Targeting ◽  
Time Course ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Neuronal Morphogenesis ◽  
Associated Proteins

Microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B), one of the microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), is a major component of the neuronal cytoskeleton. It is expressed at high levels in immature neurons during growth of their axons, which indicates that it plays a crucial role in neuronal morphogenesis and neurite extension. To better define the role of MAP1B in vivo, we have used gene targeting to disrupt the murine MAP1B gene. Heterozygotes of our MAP1B disruption exhibit no overt abnormalities in their development and behavior, while homozygotes showed a slightly decreased brain weight and delayed nervous system development. Our data indicate that while MAP1B is not essential for survival, it is essential for normal time course development of the murine nervous system. These conclusions are very different from those of a previous MAP1B gene–targeting study (Edelmann, W., M. Zervas, P. Costello, L. Roback, I. Fischer, A. Hammarback, N. Cowan, P. Davis, B. Wainer, and R. Kucherlapati. 1996. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93: 1270–1275). In this previous effort, homozygotes died before reaching 8-d embryos, while heterozygotes showed severely abnormal phenotypes in their nervous systems. Because the gene targeting event in these mice produced a gene encoding a 571–amino acid truncated product of MAP1B, it seems likely that the phenotypes seen arise from the truncated MAP1B product acting in a dominant-negative fashion, rather than a loss of MAP1B function.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Fam181 gene family during mouse development reveals distinct strain-specific expression patterns, suggesting a role in nervous system development and function

Gene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 575 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Marks ◽  
Tracie Pennimpede ◽  
Lisette Lange ◽  
Phillip Grote ◽  
Bernhard G. Herrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
System Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Mouse Development ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Distinct Strain ◽  
And Function
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