scholarly journals Microbiota Influences Fitness and Timing of Reproduction in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda K. Matthews ◽  
Jaanna Malcolm ◽  
John M. Chaston
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life History ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Animal Life ◽  
Timing Of Reproduction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Definition Of

The ability of associated microorganisms (“microbiota”) to influence animal life history traits has been recognized and investigated, especially in the past 2 decades. For many microbial communities, there is not always a clear definition of whether the microbiota or its members are beneficial, pathogenic, or relatively neutral to their hosts’ fitness.

scholarly journals Flying Free: A Research Overview of Deep Learning in Drone Navigation Autonomy

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Thomas Lee ◽  
Susan Mckeever ◽  
Jane Courtney
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
The Past ◽  
Computer Vision Applications ◽  
Definition Of

With the rise of Deep Learning approaches in computer vision applications, significant strides have been made towards vehicular autonomy. Research activity in autonomous drone navigation has increased rapidly in the past five years, and drones are moving fast towards the ultimate goal of near-complete autonomy. However, while much work in the area focuses on specific tasks in drone navigation, the contribution to the overall goal of autonomy is often not assessed, and a comprehensive overview is needed. In this work, a taxonomy of drone navigation autonomy is established by mapping the definitions of vehicular autonomy levels, as defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers, to specific drone tasks in order to create a clear definition of autonomy when applied to drones. A top–down examination of research work in the area is conducted, focusing on drone navigation tasks, in order to understand the extent of research activity in each area. Autonomy levels are cross-checked against the drone navigation tasks addressed in each work to provide a framework for understanding the trajectory of current research. This work serves as a guide to research in drone autonomy with a particular focus on Deep Learning-based solutions, indicating key works and areas of opportunity for development of this area in the future.

GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN DIAPAUSE INCIDENCE, LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS, AND CLIMATIC ADAPTATION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Evolution ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Schmidt ◽  
Luciano Matzkin ◽  
Michael Ippolito ◽  
Walter F. Eanes
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life History ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Climatic Adaptation ◽  
Diapause Incidence

scholarly journals Influence of dietary yeasts on Drosophila melanogaster life-history traits

2010 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiana Anagnostou ◽  
Monika Dorsch ◽  
Marko Rohlfs
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of seaweeds from the Portuguese coast in Drosophila melanogaster life history traits – insights on the health benefits of seaweeds consumption.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Miguel Ferreira ◽  
Ana Margarida Marques ◽  
Maria Helena Abreu ◽  
Rui Pedro Pereira ◽  
Andreia Rego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Portuguese Coast ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals Transgenerational effects on development following microplastic exposure in Drosophila melanogaster

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11369
Author(s):  
Eva Jimenez-Guri ◽  
Katherine E. Roberts ◽  
Francisca C. García ◽  
Maximiliano Tourmente ◽  
Ben Longdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life History ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Marine Realm

Background Plastic pollution affects all ecosystems, and detrimental effects to animals have been reported in a growing number of studies. However, there is a paucity of evidence for effects on terrestrial animals in comparison to those in the marine realm. Methods We used the fly Drosophila melanogaster to study the effects that exposure to plastics may have on life history traits and immune response. We reared flies in four conditions: In media containing 1% virgin polyethylene, with no chemical additives; in media supplemented with 1% or 4% polyvinyl chloride, known to have a high content of added chemicals; and control flies in non-supplemented media. Plastic particle size ranged from 23–500 µm. We studied fly survival to viral infection, the length of the larval and pupal stage, sex ratios, fertility and the size of the resultant adult flies. We then performed crossings of F1 flies in non-supplemented media and looked at the life history traits of the F2. Results Flies treated with plastics in the food media showed changes in fertility and sex ratio, but showed no differences in developmental times, adult size or the capacity to fight infections in comparison with controls. However, the offspring of treated flies reared in non-supplemented food had shorter life cycles, and those coming from both polyvinyl chloride treatments were smaller than those offspring of controls.

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