EVALUATING THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF QUATERNARY SHREWS: THE POTENTIAL FOR PALEOECOLOGIC INTERPRETATIONS ABOVE THE SPECIES LEVEL

The subgenus Canthon (Pseudepilissus) Martínez, 1954 is revised. Four valid species are redescribed: Canthon (Pseudepilissus) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) lunatus Schmidt, 1922; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857 and C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Three species assigned to other groups are transferred in the subgenus: C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”]; C. (P.) edentulus Harold, 1868 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”] and C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867 comb. nov. [previously Vulcanocanthon]. The genus Vulcanocanthon Pereira & Martínez, 1960 syn. nov. is synonymized with Canthon (Pseudepilissus). Three subspecies are raised to species level: C. (P.) tibialis Schmidt, 1922 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) lunatus tibialis]; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 stat. nov. [previously C. edentulus granuliceps] and C. (P.) hendrichsi Halffter & Martínez, 1968 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) muticus hendrichsi]. C. (P.) honsi Balthasar, 1939 syn. nov. is synonymized with C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Four new species are described: Canthon (P.) arriagadai sp. nov., Canthon (P.) bonaerensis sp. nov., Canthon (P.) vidaurrei sp. nov. and Canthon (P.) ziggy sp. nov., bringing the number of species in the subgenus to 14. Lectotypes are designated for six species C. (P.) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857; C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 and C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843. A detailed literature review, synonymies, description, illustration of key morphological characters, data on the studied material and geographic distribution are provided for each species.

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Bryozoans from the Murfreesboro and Pierce Limestones (Early Black Riveran, Middle Ordovician), Stones River Group, of Central Tennessee

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000061989 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 59 (S15) ◽

pp. 1-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olgerts L. Karklins

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

North America ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Species Level ◽

Invertebrate Fauna ◽

Middle Ordovician ◽

Stratigraphic Ranges

The Murfreesboro Limestone and the succeeding Pierce Limestone (Black Riveran, Middle Ordovician) of the Stones River Group, the oldest rocks exposed in central Tennessee, contain a fossil invertebrate fauna including bryozoans. Bryozoans are relatively scarce in the Murfreesboro Limestone but are abundant in the overlying Pierce Limestone. The bryozoan fauna includes the cryptostomes, Escharopora, Graptodictya, Pachydictya, Phylloporina, Stictopora, Stictoporella, Trigonodictya, Ulrichostylus; the trepostomes Amplexopora, Batostoma, Hemiphragma, Nicholsonella, Parvohallopora; and the cystoporates Ceramophylla and Constellaria. These bryozoans are the oldest known in Tennessee and are the only early Black Riveran assemblage in North America described at the species level. Species of Nicholsonella, Pachydictya, and Stictopora in the Murfreesboro and species of Constellaria and Phylloporina? in the Pierce are closely related to those found in rocks of Chazyan age in New York and Vermont. Species of Ceramophylla, Escharopora, and Trigonodictya in the Pierce Limestone of central Tennessee are decidedly similar to species found in Black Riveran strata of New York. The stratigraphic ranges, geographic distribution, and taxonomy of previously described species from Tennessee are updated.

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The Big Naked-backed Bat, Pteronotus gymnonotus, Chiroptera, Mormoopidae, in its northernmost geographic distribution range

Therya ◽

10.12933/therya-21-1084 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 449-459

Author(s):

Ricardo Lopez-Wilchis ◽

Aline Méndez-Rodríguez ◽

Javier Juste ◽

Juan Luís García-Mudarra ◽

Fernando Salgado-Mejia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forests ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Species Level ◽

Distribution Range ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Transitional Area ◽

The North ◽

The Pacific ◽

Gallery Forests ◽

Scientific Collections

The Big Naked-backed Bat, Pteronotus gymnonotus, is one of the 15 species currently recognized of this genus, with relatively few specimens in scientific collections, besides being poorly studied. It has a geographical distribution spanning from México through Central America and reaching Perú and Brazil, in which it occupies a variety of habitats from desert to tropical forests below 400 meters above sea level. Here, we report the records that demonstrate its presence, and data about its natural history in southeastern México, the northernmost part of its geographic distribution range. Between June 2002 and July 2018, we captured specimens in 44 bat roosts located in southeastern México, including the Parque Estatal Agua Blanca, Macuspana, Tabasco; Grutas de Martínez de la Torre, Matías Romero Avendaño, Oaxaca; and in Cueva de Villa Luz, Tapijulapa, Tabasco. In the three locations mentioned, we recorded the occurrence of P. gymnonotus individuals, whose taxonomic identification at species level was corroborated by both morphological data and genetic analyses. Previously, the only records of P. gymnonotus in México were from only four specimens scattered across time, so these new recorded locations confirm the presence of this species in the country. In addition to this, in Agua Blanca State Park and Villa Luz Cave we found a reproductive resident population. The record from Grutas de Martínez de la Torre is located in the middle of the Tehuantepec Isthmus, a well known biogeographical barrier for many taxa in the transitional area to the Pacific lowland’s region. We suggest that the occurrence of P. gymnonotus in México is also associated with large remnants of evergreen and gallery forests, located in the lowland areas along the Gulf of México and in the north and east of the Tehuantepec Isthmus.

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An annotated catalogue of the epigeic and cave centipedes (Chilopoda) of Sardinia

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2318.1.6 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2318 (1) ◽

pp. 56-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

MARZIO ZAPPAROLI

Keyword(s):

Geographic Distribution ◽

Species Level ◽

Valid Species ◽

Nomen Nudum ◽

Species Status ◽

As Species ◽

Species Inquirenda ◽

Unidentified Species ◽

Annotated Catalogue

Published and unpublished data on the epigeic and cave centipedes of Sardinia (Italy) are summarized and critically revised in this paper. Fifty-four species are listed and discussed (1 Scutigeromorpha, 19 Lithobiomorpha, 6 Scolopendromorpha, 28 Geophilomorpha), two of which new to the island: Lamyctes emarginatus (Newport, 1844) and Schendyla montana (Attems, 1895). Thirty-one species have been recorded in caves (1 Scutigeromorpha, 14 Lithobiomorpha, 6 Scolopendromorpha, 10 Geophilomorpha) – including the poorly known Plutonium zwierleini Cavanna, 1881 – six of which exclusive of this habitat (5 Lithobius spp., 1 Cryptops sp.). Five species are introduced or probably introduced. General geographic distribution, chorotype, Sardinian localities and ecological notes (altitudinal ranges, habitats) are given for each species. Taxonomic notes are given for some species. Lithobius turritanus Fanzago, 1881 and Lithobius molophai Restivo De Miranda, 1978, previously considered synonyms of Lithobius tricuspis Meinert, 1872 and Lithobius cerii Verhoeff, 1943, respectively, are recognized as valid species, status rev. The new synonymies Lithobius melanops domusnovae Restivo De Miranda, 1976 = Lithobius lapidicola Meinert, 1872 syn. nov., Lithobius oligoporus Latzel, 1884 = Lithobius turritanus Fanzago, 1881 syn. nov. and Lithobius fraleliae De Miranda Restivo, 1978 = Lithobius turritanus Fanzago, 1881 syn. nov. are proposed. Lithobius turritanei Restivo De Miranda i. l. in Cassola, 1982 is recognized as nomen nudum. Cryptops breviunguis A. Costa, 1882 is proposed as species inquirenda and its identity with Cryptops anomalans Newport, 1844 is rejected. Lithobius molophai Restivo De Miranda, 1978 and L. sardous Silvestri, 1898 are redescribed on type or topotypical material. A lectotype for L. sardous Silvestri, 1898 is also designated. Lithobius sardus Manfredi, 1956 status nov., formerly a subspecies of L. agilis C. L. Koch, 1847, is raised to species level; its probable affinity with L. turritanus Fanzago, 1881 is also discussed. Lithobius infossusSilvestri, 1894 (= L. dahlii Verhoeff, 1925) is erased from the centipede fauna of Sardinia, and previous records should be referred to an unidentified species of Lithobius or to L. nuragicus Zapparoli, 1997.

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A fossil dreamer of the genus Oneirodes (Lophiiformes: Ceratioidei) from the Miocene of Sakhalin Island, Russia

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756820000588 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 157 (8) ◽

pp. 1378-1382

Author(s):

Mikhail V. Nazarkin ◽

Theodore W. Pietsch

Keyword(s):

Geographic Distribution ◽

Late Miocene ◽

Sakhalin Island ◽

Species Level ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Fish Family ◽

Upper Miocene ◽

Southern Sakhalin ◽

High Level ◽

Wide Geographic Distribution

AbstractThe almost complete skeleton of a fossil dreamer, identified as Oneirodes sp., is described from the middle–upper Miocene Kurasi Formation of southern Sakhalin Island, Russia. This is the second fossil skeletal record of oneirodid anglerfishes following those described from the Puente Formation of California, USA. The new specimen possesses morphological features very similar to those of the recent and fossil members of its genus, and cannot be separated from them at the species level. This finding confirms the idea of the high level of speciation of this fish family prior to the middle–late Miocene and demonstrates the wide geographic distribution of the genus Oneirodes already at this time.

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The Cainozoic to present-day record of Circum-Mediterranean, NE Atlantic and North Sea Cantharidinae and Trochinae (Trochoidea, Gastropoda)—a synopsis

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4902.1.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4902 (1) ◽

pp. 1-81

Author(s):

MATHIAS HARZHAUSER

Keyword(s):

North Sea ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Fossil Record ◽

Middle Eocene ◽

Critical Evaluation ◽

Species Level ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Ne Atlantic ◽

The North ◽

Stratigraphic Ranges

Evolutionary history, diversity and (paleo)geographic distribution of Cainozoic to present-day species of the Trochidae subfamilies Cantharidinae and Trochinae are discussed based on an extensive literature survey. In total, 393 species-level taxa, assigned to 24 genera and subgenera, are listed from the NE Atlantic, the E Atlantic, the North Sea, the (Proto)-Mediterranean Sea, the Central Paratethys Sea and the Eastern Paratethys Sea. Short diagnosis and subjective and objective junior synonyms for genus-level taxa are given. Stratigraphic ranges and geographic distribution are listed for species-level taxa. The European fossil record suggests a first major radiation during the middle Eocene and a second diversity pulse during the Miocene, when most extant genera were already present. At the species level, however, the present-day fauna is geologically very young, originating during the Pleistocene and Holocene. Overall, no convincing correlation of evolution and diversity of European Cantharidinae and Trochinae with major geodynamic events (e.g. Tethys Closure) can be observed. An exception is the somewhat overlooked spectacular radiation of Cantharidinae following the hydrological isolation of the Paratethys Sea during the late Miocene. The critical evaluation of the fossil record provides anchor points to test molecular phylogenies. A major discrepancy between both approaches appears only for Jujubinus, which suggests that Paleocene species have to be excluded from the genus. Gibbuliculus nov. gen. is introduced as new genus for a group of Oligocene to Pleistocene species, placed so far in “Colliculus” sensu auctores non Monterosato, 1888. Anceps siminescui nov. nom, Gibbuliculus saccoi nov. nom, Gibbula tavanii nov. nom., Gibbula s.l. lovellreevei nov. nom. and Gibbula s.l. steiningeri nov. nom. are proposed as new names for the preoccupied Trochus semistriatus Siminescu & Barbu, 1940, Gibbula protumida Sacco, 1896, Gibbula minima Tavani, 1939, Trochus (Gibbula) reevei Harmer, 1923 and Trochus amedei bicincta Schaffer, 1912.

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The coevolution of mammae number and litter size

10.1101/2020.10.08.331983 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas A. Stewart ◽

Ihna Yoo ◽

Nathan S. Upham

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Litter Size ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Species Level ◽

Life History Strategies ◽

Gestation Length ◽

Offspring Survival ◽

The One ◽

Analyze Data

AbstractMammals are unique in provisioning their offspring with milk, lactiferous nourishment produced in glandular organs called mammae. Mammae number is hypothesized to coevolve with litter size, acting as a constraint on offspring survival. However, predicted canonical relations between mammae number and litter size (i.e., the ‘one-half’ and ‘identity’ rules) are untested across Mammalia. Here we analyze data for 2,301 species and show how these characters coevolve. In Mammalia, mammae number approximates the maximum reported litter size of a species, and mammae number explains more variation in litter size than other species-level traits (mass, gestation length, diet, and seasonality of contemporary geographic distribution). Clades show differences in these patterns, indicating that certain life history strategies might break the ‘rules’ of mammary evolution. Mammae number is an underappreciated constraint on fecundity that has influenced the radiation of mammals.

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