Species‐level, but not family‐level diet breadth predicts geographic distribution of Sydney butterflies

Abstract In order to assess the ecological quality status of coastal environments in Europe, the AZTI’s Marine Biotic Index (AMBI) and multivariate-AMBI (M-AMBI) have been developed. However, the applicability and validity of these methods worldwide remains in question, particularly for complex ecosystems such as estuaries. The present study, therefore, is an investigation of the relationship between the M-AMBI and different contamination variables in a eutrophic estuary in three seasons (i.e., spring, summer and autumn). In addition, the reliability of taxonomic sufficiency for simplifying M-AMBI operation was tested. The results showed that genus- and family-level data accurately reproduced the spatial-temporal patterns of species-level community assemblages. The M-AMBI values showed a consistent spatial distribution pattern in all sampling seasons, with a decreasing trend along the increasing distance from the estuary inlet. Furthermore, both genus- and family-level results performed nearly as well as species-level data in detecting the seasonal variations of different contaminants (i.e., nutrients and organic enrichment). The taxonomic sufficiency succeeded in this temperate ecoregion is owing to the high aggregation ratios at different taxonomic levels in all sampling events. In general, these findings suggested that application of taxonomic sufficiency based on the M-AMBI provides a simple and efficient method for evaluating variations of ecological quality in the Liaohe Estuary.

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Palynological characterization of honey samples from Kwara State, Nigeria

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v52i1.32026 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 7-14

Author(s):

SD Oyeyemi ◽

J Kayode

Keyword(s):

Pollen Grains ◽

Species Level ◽

Palynological Analysis ◽

Genus Level ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Family Level

Palynological analysis of honey samples from different localities in Kwara State, Nigeria was carried out to isolate and identified pollen types in the honey samples. Out of forty two pollen types belonging to twenty two botanical families recovered, twenty five were identified to species level, eight to genus level and eight to family level. A total of 849,978 pollen grains were counted with 46,355 in Shao, 101,356 in Ganmo, 22,000 in Idofian, 28,337 in Omupo, 200,090 in Iludun Oro, 298,079 in Ijagbo, 22,100 in Offa I and 131,142 in Afon. The major pollen occurrences in the honey samples include those of Sarcocephaluslatifolius, Parkiabiglobosa, Phyllantusdiscoideus, Tridaxprocubens, Combretaceae/Melastomataceae, Spondiasmombins and Hymenocardiaacida. Other important honey plants identified are Elaeisguineensis, Lanneasp, Parinarisp, Celtissp and Entadaabssynica. All these are characteristic plant taxa of the Forest-Savanna ecotype of the studied area. The presence of relatively high quantity of pollen shows their richness in pollen composition and also a clear evidence that the honey are from botanical sourceand also multifloral.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(1), 7-14, 2017

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The early derivative water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia, superfamilies Eylaoidea, Hydrachnoidea and Hydryphantoidea) of Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4727.1.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4727 (1) ◽

pp. 1-77

Author(s):

REINHARD GERECKE

Keyword(s):

Species Level ◽

Water Mites ◽

General Introduction ◽

Dichotomous Key ◽

The Family ◽

Family Level ◽

First Time

A general introduction to the water mites of Madagascar is given, together with a survey of the diversity of the early derivative superfamilies Eylaoidea, Hydrachnoidea, and Hydryphantoidea. The family Teratothyadidae (genera Teratothyas and Teratothyasides) and the hydryphantid subfamilies Euthyadinae (genera Javathyas and Trichothyas) and Wandesiinae (genus Wandesia) are recorded for the first time from Madagascar, the latter being new for the Ethiopian bioregion. One subgenus in the family Teratothyadidae, Ascoteratothyas subgen. nov. (genus Teratothyas) and eighteen species are described as new to science: Hydrodroma amoenoderma, H. lasioderma, H. megalonyx, H. mesembrina, H. poseidon, Javathyas nasipalpis, Wandesia pelipoda, W. anjozorobensis, Teratothyas (s. str.) digitata, T. (s. str.) aucta, T. (s. str.) proceripapillata, T. (s. str.) planipapillata, T. (Ascoteratothyas) levigata, T. (A.) porrigens, T. (A.) reducta, Teratothyasides heptaplax, T. ravenala and T. vanilla. Previous Madagascan records of Hydrodroma despiciens (Müller, 1776) and H. capensis (K. Viets, 1914) are attributed to H. poseidon. The subgenus Pseudowandesia is synonymized with the nominate subgenus. New locality records for other species include the first recording on the island of Hydrodroma perreptans (K. Viets, 1913) and H. zhokhovi Tuzovskij, 2014. Limnochares connexa Tuzovskij & Gerecke 2009 is redescribed. A dichotomous key leads to species level for the groups treated here, to family level for representatives of the remaining four superfamilies present on Madagascar.

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Glenn Robert Webb (1918–1999), his molluscan taxa,and his journal Gastropodia (1952–1994)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1589.1.1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1589 (1) ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

ALAN R. KABAT ◽

RICHARD E. PETIT

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

New Species ◽

The United States ◽

Species Level ◽

Original Research ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Prolific Author ◽

Family Level ◽

Research Collection ◽

Complete Bibliography

Glenn Robert Webb (1918–1999) was a prolific author on the reproductive biology of the terrestrial pulmonates (Mollusca) of the United States. Webb published almost 110 papers, notes and abstracts, many containing detailed descriptions of the functional morphology and reproduction of these gastropods, which remain of value in resolving their phylogeny. Webb described two family-level names (both still considered valid), ten genus-level names (at least seven remain valid), and ten species-level names, all for terrestrial pulmonates. Webb also edited and published the journal Gastropodia, which appeared in thirteen issues, from 1952–1994, and contained extensive original research on the terrestrial pulmonates. Several other malacologists, notably Leslie Hubricht, also published articles and described new species in Gastropodia. This paper provides a biography of Webb, a complete bibliography of his publications, and a list of his taxa, along with a list of other authors’ publications and new taxa in Gastropodia. Webb’s research collection, including some type specimens, and his notebooks, are now housed in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago.

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A taxonomic revision of the Canthon subgenus Pseudepilissus Martínez, 1954 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Insect Systematics & Evolution ◽

10.1163/1876312x-00001023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 696-752

Author(s):

Marcelli K. Vieira ◽

Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello ◽

Fernando A. B. Silva

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Literature Review ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Species Level ◽

Valid Species ◽

Incertae Sedis ◽

Number Of Species

The subgenus Canthon (Pseudepilissus) Martínez, 1954 is revised. Four valid species are redescribed: Canthon (Pseudepilissus) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) lunatus Schmidt, 1922; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857 and C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Three species assigned to other groups are transferred in the subgenus: C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”]; C. (P.) edentulus Harold, 1868 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”] and C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867 comb. nov. [previously Vulcanocanthon]. The genus Vulcanocanthon Pereira & Martínez, 1960 syn. nov. is synonymized with Canthon (Pseudepilissus). Three subspecies are raised to species level: C. (P.) tibialis Schmidt, 1922 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) lunatus tibialis]; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 stat. nov. [previously C. edentulus granuliceps] and C. (P.) hendrichsi Halffter & Martínez, 1968 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) muticus hendrichsi]. C. (P.) honsi Balthasar, 1939 syn. nov. is synonymized with C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Four new species are described: Canthon (P.) arriagadai sp. nov., Canthon (P.) bonaerensis sp. nov., Canthon (P.) vidaurrei sp. nov. and Canthon (P.) ziggy sp. nov., bringing the number of species in the subgenus to 14. Lectotypes are designated for six species C. (P.) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857; C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 and C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843. A detailed literature review, synonymies, description, illustration of key morphological characters, data on the studied material and geographic distribution are provided for each species.

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Bryozoans from the Murfreesboro and Pierce Limestones (Early Black Riveran, Middle Ordovician), Stones River Group, of Central Tennessee

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000061989 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 59 (S15) ◽

pp. 1-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olgerts L. Karklins

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

North America ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Species Level ◽

Invertebrate Fauna ◽

Middle Ordovician ◽

Stratigraphic Ranges

The Murfreesboro Limestone and the succeeding Pierce Limestone (Black Riveran, Middle Ordovician) of the Stones River Group, the oldest rocks exposed in central Tennessee, contain a fossil invertebrate fauna including bryozoans. Bryozoans are relatively scarce in the Murfreesboro Limestone but are abundant in the overlying Pierce Limestone. The bryozoan fauna includes the cryptostomes, Escharopora, Graptodictya, Pachydictya, Phylloporina, Stictopora, Stictoporella, Trigonodictya, Ulrichostylus; the trepostomes Amplexopora, Batostoma, Hemiphragma, Nicholsonella, Parvohallopora; and the cystoporates Ceramophylla and Constellaria. These bryozoans are the oldest known in Tennessee and are the only early Black Riveran assemblage in North America described at the species level. Species of Nicholsonella, Pachydictya, and Stictopora in the Murfreesboro and species of Constellaria and Phylloporina? in the Pierce are closely related to those found in rocks of Chazyan age in New York and Vermont. Species of Ceramophylla, Escharopora, and Trigonodictya in the Pierce Limestone of central Tennessee are decidedly similar to species found in Black Riveran strata of New York. The stratigraphic ranges, geographic distribution, and taxonomy of previously described species from Tennessee are updated.

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The Big Naked-backed Bat, Pteronotus gymnonotus, Chiroptera, Mormoopidae, in its northernmost geographic distribution range

Therya ◽

10.12933/therya-21-1084 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 449-459

Author(s):

Ricardo Lopez-Wilchis ◽

Aline Méndez-Rodríguez ◽

Javier Juste ◽

Juan Luís García-Mudarra ◽

Fernando Salgado-Mejia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forests ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Species Level ◽

Distribution Range ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Transitional Area ◽

The North ◽

The Pacific ◽

Gallery Forests ◽

Scientific Collections

The Big Naked-backed Bat, Pteronotus gymnonotus, is one of the 15 species currently recognized of this genus, with relatively few specimens in scientific collections, besides being poorly studied. It has a geographical distribution spanning from México through Central America and reaching Perú and Brazil, in which it occupies a variety of habitats from desert to tropical forests below 400 meters above sea level. Here, we report the records that demonstrate its presence, and data about its natural history in southeastern México, the northernmost part of its geographic distribution range. Between June 2002 and July 2018, we captured specimens in 44 bat roosts located in southeastern México, including the Parque Estatal Agua Blanca, Macuspana, Tabasco; Grutas de Martínez de la Torre, Matías Romero Avendaño, Oaxaca; and in Cueva de Villa Luz, Tapijulapa, Tabasco. In the three locations mentioned, we recorded the occurrence of P. gymnonotus individuals, whose taxonomic identification at species level was corroborated by both morphological data and genetic analyses. Previously, the only records of P. gymnonotus in México were from only four specimens scattered across time, so these new recorded locations confirm the presence of this species in the country. In addition to this, in Agua Blanca State Park and Villa Luz Cave we found a reproductive resident population. The record from Grutas de Martínez de la Torre is located in the middle of the Tehuantepec Isthmus, a well known biogeographical barrier for many taxa in the transitional area to the Pacific lowland’s region. We suggest that the occurrence of P. gymnonotus in México is also associated with large remnants of evergreen and gallery forests, located in the lowland areas along the Gulf of México and in the north and east of the Tehuantepec Isthmus.

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Detection of enteroparasites in foliar vegetables commercialized in street- and supermarkets in Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.245368 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

Author(s):

L. F. N. Rocha ◽

S. S. Rodrigues ◽

T. B. Santos ◽

M. F. Pereira ◽

J. Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Species Level ◽

Hymenolepis Nana ◽

Collard Greens ◽

Dipylidium Caninum ◽

Route Of Transmission ◽

The Family ◽

Family Level ◽

The City ◽

Collard Green

Abstract Foliar vegetables contaminated with fecal residues are an important route of transmission of intestinal parasites to humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of parasitic forms of protozoa and helminths on lettuces (Lactuca sativa) and collard greens (Brassica oleracea) sold in street- and supermarkets in the city of Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. A total of 30 samples of each vegetable (15 samples from each supermarkets and street markets) was analyzed. All samples were processed by spontaneous sedimentation method and centrifugal flotation. In 45% of the samples, immature forms of intestinal parasites were identified with 66.7% helminths eggs and 33.3% protozoan cysts or oocysts. Significantly more lettuce samples were contaminated with eggs, cysts or oocyst of at least one parasite than collard green samples (U=216; Z=-3.45; P <0.001). The parasitic forms were identified morphologically up to the family level with eggs of Ancylostomatidae, Strongyloididae, Ascarididae and Taeniidae, or oocysts of Eimeriidae, to the genus with Cystoisospora sp. and Toxocara sp., and to the species level with Cystoisospora canis, Dipylidium caninum and Hymenolepis nana. The presence of these infective agents in lettuce and collard green from both street- and supermarkets highlights the high risk of spreading parasites by eating raw vegetables sold in Aparecida de Goiânia.

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Weed flora of South Africa 2: power shifts in the veld

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v14i3/4.1269 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 14 (3/4) ◽

pp. 961-965 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. J. Wells ◽

V. M. Engelbregcht ◽

A. A. Balsinhas ◽

C. H. Stirton

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Threatened Species ◽

Species Level ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Weed Species ◽

Power Shifts ◽

Species Numbers ◽

Weed Flora ◽

Family Level ◽

The Impact

This paper, the second in a series analysing data from the National Weed List, concentrates on weedy changes that affect the indigenous flora. The incidence of weediness and of threatened species is used as an indication of success or failure of families under prevailing conditions of disturbance. The resulting power shifts between indigenous families and the impact of exotic weeds on the situation are reviewed. Many power shifts are taking place between indigenous species in the veld. Superficially it seems as though a relatively few invasive species are displacing a larger number of threatened species, but evidence from Natal points to more species increasing than decreasing under conditions of over-utilization. Amongst small families power shifts are almost as prevalent and important as at species level. Seventeen small families have over 20% indigenous weed species. Thirty small families have over 20% threatened species, and 21 small families have had their species numbers bolstered by more than 20% by exotic weeds. A very few large and medium-sized families contain over 50% of our weeds and our threatened species. It is mostly temperate (Cape) families that are under pressure relative to more tropical families. This trend is echoed at sub-family level within the Fabaceae.

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