GEOLOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND ORE GENETIC STUDY OF CHANDMANI UUL IRON OXIDE COPPER GOLD (IOCG) DEPOSIT IN DORNOGOBI PROVINCE, SOUTHEASTERN MONGOLIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyunjargal Luvsannyam ◽  
◽  
Ken-ichiro Hayashi ◽  
Teruyuki Maruoka
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Iocg Deposit

Fluorite as indicator mineral in iron oxide-copper-gold systems: explaining the IOCG deposit diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 119674
Author(s):  
Tobias U. Schlegel ◽  
Thomas Wagner ◽  
Tobias Fusswinkel
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Iocg Deposit ◽  
Indicator Mineral

Allanites in the Sin Quyen IOCG deposit, North Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chau Nguyen Dinh ◽  
Jadwiga Pieczonka ◽  
Adam Piestrzynski ◽  
Phon Le Khanh ◽  
Hao Duong Van
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Crystallization Solution ◽  
Iocg Deposit ◽  
North Vietnam ◽  
Crystallization Stage

Abstract: Allanite minerals are the principal host of REEs in the Sin Quyen, Iron Oxide Copper Gold (IOCG) type deposit. The geochemical characteristics of these minerals are discussed in this work. The studied allanites have an unstable concentration of all major elements, such as REE (14-27 wt%), Ca (9-16 wt%), Al (8-19 wt%), Si (26-34 wt%) and Fe (12-21 wt%). Two different varieties of these minerals are documented, the older with higher REE concentrations ranging from 20 to 27 wt%, and younger with lower total REE concentration ranging from 14 to 19 wt%, which occur as a rim surrounding the older. Differences between the two groups of allanites are documented by Raman spectra and optical properties. The WDS chemical composition indicate that the allanites belong to the Ce-La-ferriallanite family, with low ƩHREE with an average of 0.21 wt.%. This work also supports the estimated timing of the deposit development focusing on detailed petrological study, and documented chemical composition of allanites confirmed by simplified statistical analysis. Temperature 355ºC which was calculated using value of δ34S isotopes is interpreted as a temperature of the second crystallization stage of allanite group. The pressure of crystallization solution was calculated and is ranging from 0.98 to 5.88 MPa.

The Mina Justa Iron Oxide Copper-Gold (IOCG) Deposit, Peru: Constraints on Metal and Ore Fluid Sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Rodriguez-Mustafa ◽  
Adam C. Simon ◽  
Laura D. Bilenker ◽  
Ilya Bindeman ◽  
Ryan Mathur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
Type I ◽  
Isotopic Data ◽  
Hydrothermal Processes ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Iocg Deposit ◽  
Mg Content

Abstract Iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) deposits are major sources of Cu, contain abundant Fe oxides, and may contain Au, Ag, Co, rare earth elements (REEs), U, and other metals as economically important byproducts in some deposits. They form by hydrothermal processes, but the source of the metals and ore fluid(s) is still debated. We investigated the geochemistry of magnetite from the hydrothermal unit and manto orebodies at the Mina Justa IOCG deposit in Peru to assess the source of the iron oxides and their relationship with the economic Cu mineralization. We identified three types of magnetite: magnetite with inclusions (type I) is only found in the manto, is the richest in trace elements, and crystallized between 459° and 707°C; type Dark (D) has no visible inclusions and formed at around 543°C; and type Bright (B) has no inclusions, has the highest Fe content, and formed at around 443°C. Temperatures were estimated using the Mg content in magnetite. Magnetite samples from Mina Justa yielded an average δ56Fe ± 2σ value of 0.28 ± 0.05‰ (n = 9), an average δ18O ± 2σ value of 2.19 ± 0.45‰ (n = 9), and Δ’17O values that range between –0.075 and –0.047‰. Sulfide separates yielded δ65Cu values that range from –0.32 to –0.09‰. The trace element compositions and textures of magnetite, along with temperature estimations for magnetite crystallization, are consistent with the manto magnetite belonging to an iron oxide-apatite (IOA) style mineralization that was overprinted by a younger, structurally controlled IOCG event that formed the hydrothermal unit orebody. Altogether, the stable isotopic data fingerprint a magmatic-hydrothermal source for the ore fluids carrying the Fe and Cu at Mina Justa and preclude significant input from meteoric water and basinal brines.

Formation of the Mantoverde iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) deposit, Chile: insights from Fe and O stable isotopes and comparisons with iron oxide-apatite (IOA) deposits

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1489-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan M. Childress ◽  
Adam C. Simon ◽  
Martin Reich ◽  
Fernando Barra ◽  
Mauricio Arce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Iocg Deposit

A Continuum from Iron Oxide Copper-Gold to Iron Oxide-Apatite Deposits: Evidence from Fe and O Stable Isotopes and Trace Element Chemistry of Magnetite

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1443-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Rodriguez-Mustafa ◽  
Adam C. Simon ◽  
Irene del Real ◽  
John F.H. Thompson ◽  
Laura D. Bilenker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Minor Element ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Iocg Deposits ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Iocg Deposit ◽  
O Isotope

Abstract Iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) and iron oxide-apatite (IOA) deposits are major sources of Fe, Cu, and Au. Magnetite is the modally dominant and commodity mineral in IOA deposits, whereas magnetite and hematite are predominant in IOCG deposits, with copper sulfides being the primary commodity minerals. It is generally accepted that IOCG deposits formed by hydrothermal processes, but there is a lack of consensus for the source of the ore fluid(s). There are multiple competing hypotheses for the formation of IOA deposits, with models that range from purely magmatic to purely hydrothermal. In the Chilean iron belt, the spatial and temporal association of IOCG and IOA deposits has led to the hypothesis that IOA and IOCG deposits are genetically connected, where S-Cu-Au–poor magnetite-dominated IOA deposits represent the stratigraphically deeper levels of S-Cu-Au–rich magnetite- and hematite-dominated IOCG deposits. Here we report minor element and Fe and O stable isotope abundances for magnetite and H stable isotope abundances for actinolite from the Candelaria IOCG deposit and Quince IOA prospect in the Chilean iron belt. Backscattered electron imaging reveals textures of igneous and magmatic-hydrothermal affinities and the exsolution of Mn-rich ilmenite from magnetite in Quince and deep levels of Candelaria (>500 m below the bottom of the open pit). Trace element concentrations in magnetite systematically increase with depth in both deposits and decrease from core to rim within magnetite grains in shallow samples from Candelaria. These results are consistent with a cooling trend for magnetite growth from deep to shallow levels in both systems. Iron isotope compositions of magnetite range from δ56Fe values of 0.11 ± 0.07 to 0.16 ± 0.05‰ for Quince and between 0.16 ± 0.03 and 0.42 ± 0.04‰ for Candelaria. Oxygen isotope compositions of magnetite range from δ18O values of 2.65 ± 0.07 to 3.33 ± 0.07‰ for Quince and between 1.16 ± 0.07 and 7.80 ± 0.07‰ for Candelaria. For cogenetic actinolite, δD values range from –41.7 ± 2.10 to –39.0 ± 2.10‰ for Quince and from –93.9 ± 2.10 to –54.0 ± 2.10‰ for Candelaria, and δ18O values range between 5.89 ± 0.23 and 6.02 ± 0.23‰ for Quince and between 7.50 ± 0.23 and 7.69 ± 0.23‰ for Candelaria. The paired Fe and O isotope compositions of magnetite and the H isotope signature of actinolite fingerprint a magmatic source reservoir for ore fluids at Candelaria and Quince. Temperature estimates from O isotope thermometry and Fe# of actinolite (Fe# = [molar Fe]/([molar Fe] + [molar Mg])) are consistent with high-temperature mineralization (600°–860°C). The reintegrated composition of primary Ti-rich magnetite is consistent with igneous magnetite and supports magmatic conditions for the formation of magnetite in the Quince prospect and the deep portion of the Candelaria deposit. The trace element variations and zonation in magnetite from shallower levels of Candelaria are consistent with magnetite growth from a cooling magmatic-hydrothermal fluid. The combined chemical and textural data are consistent with a combined igneous and magmatic-hydrothermal origin for Quince and Candelaria, where the deeper portion of Candelaria corresponds to a transitional phase between the shallower IOCG deposit and a deeper IOA system analogous to the Quince IOA prospect, providing evidence for a continuum between both deposit types.

scholarly journals A new mineral assemblage from the diorite complex in the Fe-Oxide-Cu-Au ores of the Kis-Kuel deposit (Eastern Yakutia, Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
Aleksey Kostin
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Cobalt Nickel ◽  
Silver Mine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Nickel Ores ◽  
Iocg Deposit

Abstract This research continues our investigations of the iron-oxide copper-gold deposits in the Western Verkhoyansk region, where recent years efforts of the IGABM SB RAS led to the discovery of a new gold Kiskuel deposit. The Kis-Kuel intrusion-related IOCG deposit in Eastern Yakutia (Russia) with a wide range of mineral styles has a direct genetic link with a cooling intrusion during its formation. The IOCG worldwide and the Kis-Kuel deposit have common features for this style - the abundance of iron oxides and low of sulfides. Magmatic contribution to the Kis-Kuel deposit is significant. Intrusive rocks range from diorite to granodiorite in composition. The Kiskuel deposit hosted in diorites and granodiorites; xenoliths confirming deep mineralization represented by pyrrhotite (main), pyrite, chalcopyrite, and clinosafflorite (Co, Fe, Ni)As2, chromite, pentlandite. Clinosafflorite localized at the contact of pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite and at the contact of pyrrhotite and biotite. Chalcopyrite is found in intergrowth with pyrrhotite, were it forms bands and lenses. Parallel to the biotite cleavage, the thinnest layers of chalcopyrite are common. Clinosafflorite is rare and discovered in hydrothermal cobalt-nickel ores of the Bou-Azzer (Morocco), Cobalt (Canada), Glassberg (Germany), Silver Mine (England) and several others. Mineralization of rich mica processes occur in connection with the chromite, pentlandite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and pyrrhotite; a common feature of the mineralized dark-colored rock is phlogopite abundance, ilmenite, potassium feldspar, calcite, rarely quartz; clinoenstatite metasomaticaly replaced with phlogopite and dolomite. This new evidence supports a magmatic-hydrothermal model for the formation of IOCG deposit in the Kis-Kuel, where iron-oxide mineralization sourced from intermediate magmas. The deep complex predominantly composed of chromite, ilmenite, magnetite, pentlandite, and clinocafflorite; less of galena and sphalerite. Many diverse mineraization systems from Kis-Kuel classified together as iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) deposits. The obtained data suggest deep ore-bearing structure of the Kis-Kuel ore-magmatic cluster with the potential for discovering of a new mineral ores style. All of this help in developing a new robust prospecting model.

Characteristics of Magnetic Susceptibility of the Cores in Yinmin Mining Area

2014 ◽  
Vol 912-914 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Jia Lu ◽  
Wei Xuan Fang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Geological Exploration ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Iocg Deposit

Through the work of measuring magnetic susceptibility of the cores in Yinmin mining area, Yunnan, one can draw a conclusion that different strata have different magnetic susceptibility, and variations of magentic susceptibility as a whole have significant changes, concerned primarily with mafic ferruginous lava, iron ore, ferruginous dolomite and fine grained diabase in the Luoxue Group and the Yinmin Group. The study of magnetic susceptibility of the rocks is not only relevant to magnetic prospecting and the boreholetricomponent magnetic, but also a rapid and effective means of geological exploration for the iron-oxide copper gold (IOCG) deposit in Yinmin mining area.

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