CLIMATE SENSITIVITY AND GROWTH RESPONSE OF TWO CONIFERS ON HIGH ELEVATION RIDGE AT WOLF KNOB, SHOSHONE FOREST, WY

On time-scales of less than about 100 years, when the ice topography can be considered stationary, the extent of Antarctic blue-ice areas is governed mainly by the surface mass balance. In and near high-elevation blue-ice areas, ablation is due entirely to sublimation. An estimate of the mass-balance profile ranging from a blue-ice area to the adjacent snow surface is presented. By considering changes in sublimation induced by variations in local climate, the deviation from the mass-balance profile is evaluated. It is concluded that even for considerable changes in local climate these deviations remain relatively small and have only little effect on the extent of a blue-ice area. This can be attributed mainly to the steep mass-balance profile.

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Climate warming does not adequately translate to increased radial stem growth of coniferous species along the Alpine treeline ecotone

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-8232 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Walter Oberhuber ◽

Ursula Bendler ◽

Vanessa Gamper ◽

Jacob Geier ◽

Anna Hölzl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Warming ◽

Tree Growth ◽

Growth Response ◽

Growing Season ◽

High Elevation ◽

Stem Growth ◽

Stone Pine ◽

Recent Climate ◽

Swiss Stone Pine ◽

Competition For Resources

It is well established, that tree growth at high elevations is mainly limited by low temperature during the growing season and climate warming was frequently found to lead to more growth and expansion of trees into alpine tundra. However, dendroclimatological studies revealed contradictory growth response to recent climate warming at the upper elevational limit of tree growth, and transplant experiments unveiled that high elevation tree provenances are not adequately benefiting from higher temperatures when planted at lower elevation. We therefore re-evaluated growth response of trees to recent climate warming by developing tree ring series of co-occurring conifers (Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra), European larch (Larix decidua), and Norway spruce (Picea abies)) along several altitudinal transects stretching from the subalpine zone to the krummholz-limit (1630&#8211;2290 m asl; n=503 trees) in the Central European Alps (CEA). We evaluated whether trends in basal area increment (BAI) are in line with two phases of climate warming which occurred from 1915&#8211;1953 and from mid-1970s until 2015. We expected that BAI of all species shows an increasing trend consistent with distinct climate warming during the study period (1915&#8211;2015) amounting to >2 &#176;C. Although enhanced tree growth was detected in all species in response to climate warming, results revealed that at subalpine sites (i) intensified climate warming since mid-1970s did not lead to corresponding increase in BAI, and (ii) increase in summer temperature primarily favored growth of Norway spruce, although Swiss stone pine dominates at high altitude in the CEA and therefore was expected to mainly benefit from climate warming. At treeline BAI increase was above the determined age trend in all species, whereas at the krummholz-limit only deciduous larch showed minor growth increase. We explain missing adequate growth response to recent climate warming (i) by strengthened competition for resources (primarily nutrients and light) in increasingly denser stands at subalpine sites leading to changes in carbon allocation among tree organs, and (ii) by frost desiccation injuries of evergreen tree species at the krummholz-limit. Our findings indicate that tree growth response to climate warming at high elevation is possibly nonlinear, and that increasing competition for resources and the influence of climate factors beyond the growing season impair stem growth.&#160;

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The climate sensitivity of Antarctic blue-ice areas

Annals of Glaciology ◽

10.3189/s0260305500015755 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 157-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard Bintanja ◽

Michiel R. Van Den Broeke

Keyword(s):

Mass Balance ◽

Time Scales ◽

Climate Sensitivity ◽

High Elevation ◽

Surface Mass Balance ◽

Snow Surface ◽

Local Climate ◽

Surface Mass

On time-scales of less than about 100 years, when the ice topography can be considered stationary, the extent of Antarctic blue-ice areas is governed mainly by the surface mass balance. In and near high-elevation blue-ice areas, ablation is due entirely to sublimation. An estimate of the mass-balance profile ranging from a blue-ice area to the adjacent snow surface is presented. By considering changes in sublimation induced by variations in local climate, the deviation from the mass-balance profile is evaluated. It is concluded that even for considerable changes in local climate these deviations remain relatively small and have only little effect on the extent of a blue-ice area. This can be attributed mainly to the steep mass-balance profile.

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Variation in radial growth patterns of Pseudotsuga menziesii on the central coast of British Columbia, Canada

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x04-078 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 34 (9) ◽

pp. 1946-1954 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Qi-Bin Zhang ◽

Richard J Hebda

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽

Radial Growth ◽

Growth Response ◽

Ring Width ◽

Growing Season ◽

High Elevation ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Bella Coola ◽

Growing Season Precipitation

Radial growth of trees in mountainous areas is subject to conditions associated with changes in elevation. We present ring-width chronologies for Douglas-fir trees (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) at nine sites spanning low to high elevations in the Bella Coola area of the central coast of British Columbia, near the northern limits of the species distribution, and investigate the variation in tree-ring growth patterns in relation to different elevations, using principal component (PC) analysis. We find that the first PC, which represents 55.6% of the total variance, reflects a common growth response at sites of different elevation. Response function analysis indicates that growing season precipitation is the major factor in controlling tree-ring growth. This factor explains more of the variance in low-elevation sites than it does in high-elevation ones. Temperature in August of the preceding year shows a negative relationship to ring-width growth. The second PC represents 16.7% of the total variance and reveals a distinct difference in growth response between low- and high-elevation sites. The length and temperature of the growing season seem to play an important role in tree-ring growth at sites of high elevation. Comparison of the Bella Coola records with those from southern Vancouver Island suggests that growing season precipitation influences growth of Douglas-fir on a macroregional scale, but other factors such as temperature modify the growth response at the limits of the distribution of the species.

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Growth Trends of Coniferous Species along Elevational Transects in the Central European Alps Indicate Decreasing Sensitivity to Climate Warming

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11020132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 132 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Walter Oberhuber ◽

Ursula Bendler ◽

Vanessa Gamper ◽

Jacob Geier ◽

Anna Hölzl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Warming ◽

Tree Growth ◽

Growth Response ◽

Growing Season ◽

High Elevation ◽

European Alps ◽

Stone Pine ◽

Central European ◽

Recent Climate ◽

Swiss Stone Pine

Tree growth at high elevation in the Central European Alps (CEA) is strongly limited by low temperature during the growing season. We developed a tree ring series of co-occurring conifers (Swiss stone pine, Norway spruce, European larch) along elevational transects stretching from the subalpine zone to the krummholz limit (1630–2290 m asl; n = 503 trees) and evaluated whether trends in basal area increment (BAI) are in line with two phases of climate warming, which occurred from 1915–1953 and from 1975–2015. Unexpectedly, results revealed that at subalpine sites (i) intensified climate warming in recent decades did not lead to a corresponding increase in BAI and (ii) increase in summer temperature since 1915 primarily favored growth of larch and spruce, although Swiss stone pine dominates at high elevations in the Eastern CEA, and therefore was expected to mainly benefit from climate warming. At treeline, BAI increases in all species were above the level expected based on determined age trend, whereas at the krummholz limit only deciduous larch showed a minor growth increase. We explain missing adequate growth response to recent climate warming by strengthened competition for resources (nutrients, light, water) in increasingly denser stands at subalpine sites, and by frost desiccation injuries of evergreen tree species at the krummholz limit. To conclude, accurate forecasts of tree growth response to climate warming at high elevation must consider changes in stand density as well as species-specific sensitivity to climate variables beyond the growing season.

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Spatiotemporal Variability in the Climate Growth Response of High Elevation Bristlecone Pine in the White Mountains of California

Geophysical Research Letters ◽

10.1029/2018gl080981 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (24) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Andrew G. Bunn ◽

Matthew W. Salzer ◽

Kevin J. Anchukaitis ◽

Jamis M. Bruening ◽

Malcolm K. Hughes

Keyword(s):

Growth Response ◽

High Elevation ◽

Spatiotemporal Variability ◽

White Mountains ◽

Bristlecone Pine

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Climate Sensitivity of Tropical Trees Along an Elevation Gradient in Rwanda

Forests ◽

10.3390/f9100647 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 647 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Myriam Mujawamariya ◽

Aloysie Manishimwe ◽

Bonaventure Ntirugulirwa ◽

Etienne Zibera ◽

Daniel Ganszky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Climate Sensitivity ◽

Elevation Gradient ◽

High Elevation ◽

Dry Season ◽

Nutrient Ratios ◽

Wet Season ◽

Elevation Gradients ◽

Use Efficiency

Elevation gradients offer excellent opportunities to explore the climate sensitivity of vegetation. Here, we investigated elevation patterns of structural, chemical, and physiological traits in tropical tree species along a 1700–2700 m elevation gradient in Rwanda, central Africa. Two early-successional (Polyscias fulva, Macaranga kilimandscharica) and two late-successional (Syzygium guineense, Carapa grandiflora) species that are abundant in the area and present along the entire gradient were investigated. We found that elevation patterns in leaf stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), net photosynthesis (An), and water-use efficiency were highly season-dependent. In the wet season, there was no clear variation in gs or An with elevation, while E was lower at cooler high-elevation sites. In the dry season, gs, An, and E were all lower at drier low elevation sites. The leaf-to-air temperature difference was smallest in P. fulva, which also had the highest gs and E. Water-use efficiency (An/E) increased with elevation in the wet season, but not in the dry season. Leaf nutrient ratios indicated that trees at all sites are mostly P limited and the N:P ratio did not decrease with increasing elevation. Our finding of strongly decreased gas exchange at lower sites in the dry season suggests that both transpiration and primary production would decline in a climate with more pronounced dry periods. Furthermore, we showed that N limitation does not increase with elevation in the forests studied, as otherwise most commonly reported for tropical montane forests.

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Phytostabilization Ability and Growth Response of Calotropis procera and Lantana camara towards Tannery Amended Soil

THE JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE RESEARCH ◽

10.32381/jpsr.2019.35.02.9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 215-224

Author(s):

Poonam Rani ◽

◽

Adarsh Kumar ◽

Ramesh Chandra Arya ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Response ◽

Lantana Camara ◽

Calotropis Procera ◽

Amended Soil

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Current distribution of Nilgiri grass yellow Eurema nilgiriensis Yata (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with an updated taxonomic key to Eurema of Western Ghats, India

ENTOMON ◽

10.33307/entomon.v44i1.423 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 23-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. C. Sujitha ◽

G. Prasad ◽

R. Nitin ◽

Dipendra Nath Basu ◽

Krushnamegh Kunte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Current Distribution ◽

Western Ghats ◽

Original Description ◽

High Elevation ◽

Type Locality ◽

Ecological Data ◽

Field Identification ◽

Wing Patterns ◽

Southern Western Ghats ◽

The Nilgiris

Eurema nilgiriensis Yata, 1990, the Nilgiri grass yellow, was described from Nilgiris in southern India. There are not many published records of this species since its original description, and it was presumed to be a high-elevation endemic species restricted to its type locality. Based on the external morphology (wing patterns) as well as the male genitalia, the first confirmed records of the species from Agasthyamalais and Kodagu in the southern Western Ghats, is provided here. This report is a significant range extension for the species outside the Nilgiris, its type locality. Ecological data pertaining to this species as well as the field identification key to all known Eurema of Western Ghats are also presented.

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Assemblage Patterns of Hymenoptera at Different Elevations of Gunung Datuk, Rembau

Scientific Research Journal ◽

10.24191/srj.v14i2.9358 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noor Nasuha Abd Aziz ◽

Siti Khairiyah Mohd Hatta ◽

Idris Abd Ghani ◽

Saiyid Jalaluddin Saiyid Shaifuddin

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Diversity Index ◽

High Elevation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Index Site ◽

Evenness Index ◽

Abundance And Diversity ◽

Richness Index ◽

Paired T Test ◽

Malaise Traps

A study on abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera was conducted in Gunung Datuk, Rembau. Samplings were conducted from November 2014 to February 2015 using six Malaise traps. Three traps were placed at Site 1 at 700m height for high elevation and the remaining traps were placed at Site 2 at 200m height for low elevation. A total number of 221 Hymenopteran were collected which consist of nine families namely Ichneumonidae, Formicidae, Braconidae, Bethylidae, Evaniidae, Tiphiidae, Vespidae, Pompilidae and Apidae. In this study, 93 individuals were obtained from Site 1, comprising nine families and 43 morphospecies while 127 individuals were obtained from Site 2 with nine families and 45 morphospecies. Formicidae was the most dominant family collected from both sites with a total of 104 individuals while the least family recorded was Apidae with only one individual. Shannon’s Weiner Diversity Index (H’) showed Site 1 had the higher diversity value with H’ = 3.17 compared to Site 2 with value H’ = 3.12. For Evenness Index, Site 1 had higher value compared to Site 2 with E’ = 0.84 and E’ = 0.82 respectively. Moreover, for Margalef Richness Index, Site 1 recorded R’ = 9.24 while site two recorded R’ = 9.08 which concluded that Site 1 had higher species richness compared to Site 2. Paired t-test showed that both sites had no significant difference with p>0.05. Overall study showed that the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera in Gunung Datuk were low since the value of H’ is less than 3.50.

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