Variation in radial growth patterns of Pseudotsuga menziesii on the central coast of British Columbia, Canada

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1946-1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-Bin Zhang ◽  
Richard J Hebda
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Bella Coola ◽  
Growing Season Precipitation

Radial growth of trees in mountainous areas is subject to conditions associated with changes in elevation. We present ring-width chronologies for Douglas-fir trees (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) at nine sites spanning low to high elevations in the Bella Coola area of the central coast of British Columbia, near the northern limits of the species distribution, and investigate the variation in tree-ring growth patterns in relation to different elevations, using principal component (PC) analysis. We find that the first PC, which represents 55.6% of the total variance, reflects a common growth response at sites of different elevation. Response function analysis indicates that growing season precipitation is the major factor in controlling tree-ring growth. This factor explains more of the variance in low-elevation sites than it does in high-elevation ones. Temperature in August of the preceding year shows a negative relationship to ring-width growth. The second PC represents 16.7% of the total variance and reveals a distinct difference in growth response between low- and high-elevation sites. The length and temperature of the growing season seem to play an important role in tree-ring growth at sites of high elevation. Comparison of the Bella Coola records with those from southern Vancouver Island suggests that growing season precipitation influences growth of Douglas-fir on a macroregional scale, but other factors such as temperature modify the growth response at the limits of the distribution of the species.

False rings in jack pine and black spruce trees from eastern Manitoba as indicators of dry summers

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1722-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Hoffer ◽  
Jacques C. Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
False Rings

False rings (FRs) are a tree-ring anomaly that can be used to better understand tree growth and potentially reconstruct past climatic events. The main objective of this study was to explore the association between FRs and climate, especially drought occurrence. Sampling was conducted in Nopiming Provincial Park. Wood cores were extracted from jack pine ( Pinus banksiana Lamb.) in five stands and from co-occurring black spruce ( Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) in three of these stands. After cross-dating, earlywood, latewood, and total ring width were measured on all cores. All FRs were identified, and their position within a tree ring was determined. Both species showed similar radial growth and FR patterns. Jack pine and to a lesser extent black spruce both showed abundant FRs in the juvenile period. Springs with cool and snowy conditions and summers with severe drought were associated with a higher frequency of FRs. These anomalies could be formed partly in response to timing of the start of the growing season and to conditions during that growing season that lead to interruption and subsequent resumption of normal growth. Jack pine radial growth was found to be more sensitive to precipitation, whereas that of black spruce was more sensitive to temperature.

PATTERNS IN GROWTH OF EARLYWOOD, LATEWOOD, AND PERCENTAGE LATEWOOD DETERMINED BY COMPLETE ANALYSIS OF 18 DOUGLAS-FIR TREES

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. G. Smith ◽  
L. Heger ◽  
J. Hejjas
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Breast Height

Widths of earlywood and latewood in each annual ring, measured on an average radius on a disk taken halfway between each branch whorl, were analyzed to define their variation in 18 Douglas-fir trees (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Distribution of ring width and percentage latewood also was investigated in these trees which had from 20 to 50 whorls above stump height. Multiple regression and correlation analyses showed that number of rings from pith, and its reciprocal, square, or logarithm accounted for most of the variation in radial growth. Number of rings from pith influenced thickness of both earlywood and latewood much more than the climatic differences reflected by variations in annual height growth and in widths of earlywood and latewood formed at breast height in the same calendar year. Since earlywood and latewood are distributed differently and controlled by different factors, they should be studied separately within annual rings. The statistical methods used in this study provide a simple, efficient, and comprehensive basis for thoroughly describing growth patterns, and for objectively analyzing factors that govern growth.

The effect of climatic factors on the radial growth of Japanese ash in northern Hokkaido, Japan

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2052-2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yasue ◽  
R. Funada ◽  
T. Kondo ◽  
O. Kobayashi ◽  
K. Fukazawa
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Ring Network ◽  
Autoregressive Modeling ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Residual Chronology

The influence of climate on the radial growth of Japanese ash (Fraxinusmandshurica Rupr. var. japonica Maxim.) in northern Hokkaido, Japan, was investigated. Fifteen trees were selected and ring widths were measured. Standardization and autoregressive modeling were applied to the series of ring widths for isolation of the climatic signal. A response function was calculated for the relationship between residual chronology and monthly temperature and precipitation. In the season that preceded the growth, December precipitation is negatively correlated with ring width. During the growing season, May temperature is negatively correlated with ring width, while both temperature and precipitation in July are positively correlated with ring width. The results reveal the potential usefulness of Japanese ash for reconstruction of past climate in Hokkaido. The chronology of Japanese ash contributes to a development of a tree-ring network in Japan that is still sparse.

scholarly journals Quantifying climatic influences on tree-ring width

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangqi Li ◽  
Sandy P. Harrison ◽  
I. Colin Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
P Values ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects

Abstract. Before tree-ring series can be used to quantify climatic influences on growth, ontogenetic and microenvironmental effects must be removed. Existing statistical detrending methods struggle to eliminate bias, caused by the fact that older/larger trees are nearly always more abundantly sampled during the most recent decades – which happens also to have seen the strongest environmental changes. Here we develop a new approach to derive a productivity index (P*) from tree-ring series. The critical stem diameter, when an initial rapid increase in stem radial growth gives way to a gradual decrease, is estimated using a theoretical approximation; previous growth rings are removed from analysis. The subsequent dynamics of stem radial growth are assumed to be determined by: tree diameter and height; P* (gross primary production per unit leaf area, discounted by a "tax" due to the respiration and turnover of leaves and fine roots); and a quantity proportional to sapwood specific respiration (r1). The term r1 depends not only on the growth rate but also on tree height, because a given leaf area requires a greater volume of living sapwood to be maintained in taller trees. Height-diameter relationships were estimated from independent observations. P* values were then estimated from tree ring-width measurements on multiple trees, using a non-linear mixed-effects model in which the random effect of individual tree identity accounts for the impact of local environmental variability, due to soil or hydrological conditions, and canopy position (i.e. shading and competition). Year-by-year P* at a site should then represent the influence of year-by-year changes in environment, independently of the growth trend in individual trees. This approach was applied to tree-ring records from two genera (Picea and Pinus) at 492 sites across the Northern Hemisphere extratropics. Using a multiple linear mixed-effects regression with site as a random effect, it was found that estimated annual P* values for both genera show consistent, temporally stable positive responses of P* to total photosynthetically photon flux density during the growing season (PPFD5) and soil moisture availability (indexed by an estimate of the ratio of actual to potential evapotranspiration). The partial effect of mean temperature during the growing season (mGGD5) however was shown to follow a unimodal curve, being positive in climates with mGGD5

Ecological interpretation of tree-ring width and intraannual density fluctuations inPinus sylvestrison dry sites in the central Alps and Siberia

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Rigling ◽  
Philipp O Waldner ◽  
Theodor Forster ◽  
Otto U Bräker ◽  
Antti Pouttu
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Central Alps ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Soil Substrate

The radial growth of Pinus sylvestris L. from nine sites at the semiarid lower forest border of the central Alps (Switzerland) and central Siberia (Russia) has been investigated using dendroecological methods. Tree growth differed according to soil substrate, with trees on dune sites showing lower mean ring widths, lower mean sensitivities, and higher autocorrelation. The relationships between climate and tree-ring width were studied using response function analysis. Independent of the climatic zone and the soil substrate, precipitation just before and at the beginning of the growing season is positively correlated with radial growth. The climatic response of dune sites is low, possibly because of the poor water-holding capacity and the high permeability of the sandy soils. Intraannual density fluctuations (IADFs) were observed at all the sites. Most IADFs were found in latewood. On dunes, fewer cores contain IADFs, and their frequency is lower. All stands showed significant relationships between IADF frequency and tree-ring width (positive) and ring age (negative). For Swiss sites, moist-cool conditions in the middle of the growing season are demonstrated as the triggering factor for IADFs. For the Russian sites, inadequate climatic data made it impossible to demonstrate any climate dependence of IADFs.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Radial Growth Response of Picea crassifolia to Climate Change in Different Regions of the Central and Eastern Qilian Mountains

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Xuan Wu ◽  
Liang Jiao ◽  
Dashi Du ◽  
Changliang Qi ◽  
Ruhong Xue
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Qilian Mountains ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
Picea Crassifolia ◽  
The Qilian Mountains

It is important to explore the responses of radial tree growth in different regions to understand growth patterns and to enhance forest management and protection with climate change. We constructed tree ring width chronologies of Picea crassifolia from different regions of the Qilian Mountains of northwest China. We used Pearson correlation and moving correlation to analyze the main climate factors limiting radial growth of trees and the temporal stability of the growth–climate relationship, while spatial correlation is the result of further testing the first two terms in space. The conclusions were as follows: (1) Radial growth had different trends, showing an increasing followed by a decreasing trend in the central region, a continuously increasing trend in the eastern region, and a gradually decreasing trend in the isolated mountain. (2) Radial tree growth in the central region and isolated mountains was constrained by drought stress, and tree growth in the central region was significantly negatively correlated with growing season temperature. Isolated mountains showed a significant negative correlation with mean minimum of growing season and a significant positive correlation with total precipitation. (3) Temporal dynamic responses of radial growth in the central region to the temperatures and SPEI (the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index) in the growing season were unstable, the isolated mountains to total precipitation was unstable, and that to SPEI was stable. The results of this study suggest that scientific management and maintenance plans of the forest ecosystem should be developed according to the response and growth patterns of the Qinghai spruce to climate change in different regions of the Qilian Mountains.

Tree growth across the Nepal Himalaya during the last four centuries

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
UK Thapa ◽  
S St. George ◽  
DK Kharal ◽  
NP Gaire
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Instrumental Records

The climate of Nepal has changed rapidly over the recent decades, but most instrumental records of weather and hydrology only extend back to the 1980s. Tree rings can provide a longer perspective on recent environmental changes, and since the early 2000s, a new round of field initiatives by international researchers and Nepali scientists have more than doubled the size of the country’s tree-ring network. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of the current tree-ring width network for Nepal, and use this network to estimate changes in forest growth nation-wide during the last four centuries. Ring-width chronologies in Nepal have been developed from 11 tree species, and half of the records span at least 290 years. The Nepal tree-ring width network provides a robust estimate of annual forest growth over roughly the last four centuries, but prior to this point, our mean ring-width composite fluctuates wildly due to low sample replication. Over the last four centuries, two major events are prominent in the all-Nepal composite: (i) a prolonged and widespread growth suppression during the early 1800s; and (ii) heightened growth during the most recent decade. The early 19th century decline in tree growth coincides with two major Indonesian eruptions, and suggests that short-term disturbances related to climate extremes can exert a lasting influence on the vigor of Nepal’s forests. Growth increases since AD 2000 are mainly apparent in high-elevation fir, which may be a consequence of the observed trend towards warmer temperatures, particularly during winter. This synthesis effort should be useful to establish baselines for tree-ring data in Nepal and provide a broader context to evaluate the sensitivity or behavior of this proxy in the central Himalayas.

scholarly journals Responses of radial growth, wood density and fiber traits to planting space in poplar plantations at a lowland site

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Zhang ◽  
Shengzuo Fang ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Linlin Wang ◽  
Yi Lv
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Wood Basic Density ◽  
Fiber Traits

AbstractPoplar is raw material for various panel, paper and fiber products. The 12 sample trees of clone Nanlin-895 from four spacings were destructively harvested after thirteen growing seasons to assess the influence of spacing on radial growth and wood properties. Spacing significantly affected tree-ring width and wood basic density (p < 0.05) but not fiber traits. The highest diameter and wood basic density at breast height (1.3 m) was in 6 m × 6 m and 3 m × 8 m spacings, respectively. However, no significant differences in tree-ring width, wood basic density and fiber traits were observed among the four sampling directions in discs taken at 1.3 m for each spacing. Growth rings from the pith and tree heights had significant effects on wood basic density and fiber anatomical characteristics, highlighting obvious temporal-spatial variations. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significantly negative relationship of tree-ring width to wood basic density, fiber length and fiber width, but a significantly positive relationship to hemicellulose. There was no relationship with cellulose and lignin contents. Based on a comprehensive assessment by the TOPSIS method, the 6 m × 6 m spacing is recommended for producing wood fiber at similar sites in the future.

scholarly journals Growth and yield estimation of Chamaecyparis spp. through tree ring analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Kharal ◽  
T. Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Tree Ring Analysis ◽  
Ring Density ◽  
Ring Analysis

Tree ring analysis is one of the most useful methods in volume and biomass estimation especially of the conifer trees. Ring width and ring density are important parameters in dendrochronological research. The present research was carried out with the aim of estimating the radial and volumetric growth of the Japanese Cypress trees (Chamaecyperis obstusa and C. pisifera). Destructive method was used while collecting the wood samples from the selected trees. Ring width and ring density were measured using soft X-ray densitometry method using micro-densitometer. Computer programme, developed by the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Japan was used to analyze the ring with and ring density data. The average ring width of the Chamaecyparis spp. was found to be about 3.4 mm at the age of 30 years. However, two types of growth pattern were observed in the trees. Average radial growth was about 5% every year during the first 20 years of the tree age, whereas, the average radial growth was negative during the age of 20–30 years. Average density of the tree rings were increased by about 11% in each height of the trees starting from the ground. Similarly, the stem density decreased by about 3.4% annually along the radial direction from the pith.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v22i2.9197Banko Janakari: A Journal of Forestry Information for NepalVol. 22, No. 2, 2012 November Page: 36-42 Uploaded date: 12/1/2013 

scholarly journals Different Wood Anatomical and Growth Responses in European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at Three Forest Sites in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domen Arnič ◽  
Jožica Gričar ◽  
Jernej Jevšenak ◽  
Gregor Božič ◽  
Georg von Arx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Vessel Area ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) adapts to local growing conditions to enhance its performance. In response to variations in climatic conditions, beech trees adjust leaf phenology, cambial phenology, and wood formation patterns, which result in different tree-ring widths (TRWs) and wood anatomy. Chronologies of tree ring width and vessel features [i.e., mean vessel area (MVA), vessel density (VD), and relative conductive area (RCTA)] were produced for the 1960–2016 period for three sites that differ in climatic regimes and spring leaf phenology (two early- and one late-flushing populations). These data were used to investigate long-term relationships between climatic conditions and anatomical features of four quarters of tree-rings at annual and intra-annual scales. In addition, we investigated how TRW and vessel features adjust in response to extreme weather events (i.e., summer drought). We found significant differences in TRW, VD, and RCTA among the selected sites. Precipitation and maximum temperature before and during the growing season were the most important climatic factors affecting TRW and vessel characteristics. We confirmed differences in climate-growth relationships between the selected sites, late flushing beech population at Idrija showing the least pronounced response to climate. MVA was the only vessel trait that showed no relationship with TRW or other vessel features. The relationship between MVA and climatic factors evaluated at intra-annual scale indicated that vessel area in the first quarter of tree-ring were mainly influenced by climatic conditions in the previous growing season, while vessel area in the second to fourth quarters of tree ring width was mainly influenced by maximum temperature and precipitation in the current growing season. When comparing wet and dry years, beech from all sites showed a similar response, with reduced TRW and changes in intra-annual variation in vessel area. Our findings suggest that changes in temperature and precipitation regimes as predicted by most climate change scenarios will affect tree-ring increments and wood structure in beech, yet the response between sites or populations may differ.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document