First U-Pb dating of fossilized soft tissue using a new approach to paleontological chronometry

Geology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heriberto Rochín-Bañaga ◽  
Donald W. Davis ◽  
Tobias Schwennicke
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Uranium Content ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Shark Teeth ◽  
Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Late Diagenesis ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Previous U-Pb dating of fossils has had only limited success because of low uranium content and abundance of common Pb as well as element mobility during late diagenesis. We report the first accurate U-Pb dating of fossilized soft tissue from a Pliocene phosphatized bivalve mold using laser ablation–inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). The fossilized soft tissue yields a diagenetic U-Pb age of 3.16 ± 0.08 Ma, which is consistent with its late Pliocene stratigraphy and similar to the oldest U-Pb age measured on accompanying shark teeth. Phosphate extraclasts give a distinctly older age of 5.1 ± 1.7 Ma, indicating that they are likely detrital and may have furnished P, promoting phosphatization of the mold. The U-Pb ages reported here along with stratigraphic constraints suggest that diagenesis occurred shortly after the death of the bivalve and that the U-Pb system in the bivalve mold remained closed until the present. Shark teeth collected from the same horizon show variable resetting due to late diagenesis. Data were acquired as line scans in order to exploit the maximum Pb/U variation and were regressed as counts, rather than ratios, in three-dimensional space using a Bayesian statistical method.

Dynamic Simulation of Multibody Mechanical Systems Using the Vector-Network Model

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Network Method ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Pressing technological problems have created a growing interest in the development of dynamic models for the digital simulation of multibody systems. This paper describes a new approach to the problem of motion prediction. An extension of the “vector-network” method to rigid body systems in three-dimensional space is introduced. The entire procedure is a basic application of concepts of graph theory in which laws of vector dynamics are combined. The analytical procedure was successfully implemented within a general-purpose digital simulation program since, from a minimal definition of the mechanism, it will automatically predict the behavior of the system as output, thereby giving the impression that the equations governing the motion of the mechanical system have been completely formulated and solved by the computer. Simulations of the response of a rail vehicle which demonstrate the validity, applicability and self-formulating aspect of the automated model are provided.

scholarly journals New Approach for Solving Three Dimensional Space Partial Differential Equation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enadi Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Exact Solutions ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Partial Differential ◽  
Transform Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

This paper presents a new transform method to solve partial differential equations, for finding suitable accurate solutions in a wider domain. It can be used to solve the problems without resorting to the frequency domain. The new transform is combined with the homotopy perturbation method in order to solve three dimensional second order partial differential equations with initial condition, and the convergence of the solution to the exact form is proved. The implementation of the suggested method demonstrates the usefulness in finding exact solutions. The practical implications show the effectiveness of approach and it is easily implemented in finding exact solutions.        Finally, all algorithms in this paper are implemented in MATLAB version 7.12.

Design of 3-Dimensional Guidance Law of Missile Based on Discrete Sliding Mode

2013 ◽  
Vol 816-817 ◽  
pp. 976-980
Author(s):  
Nuan Wen ◽  
Zheng Hua Liu ◽  
Le Chang
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Relative Motion ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
New Approach ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Guidance Law ◽  
Guidance Laws ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

In this article, a new approach to design discrete-time sliding-mode guidance laws is presented based on the target-missile relative motion equation in three-dimensional space. This method significantly reduced system chattering and could be easily achieved on engineering. Furthermore, effectiveness of the proposed guidance laws is demonstrated through simulation by comparing with the traditional proportional guidance laws.

A Noninvasive System for Biomechanical Properties Measurement of Soft Tissue

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Mayrose
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
Stiffness Properties ◽  
Force Displacement ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

A device for measuring the biomechanical properties of soft tissue via palpation was developed. The device, which is worn by a medical professional, incorporates sensors that collect data on the position of the users’ hand in three-dimensional space as well as the force that the user applies to the tissue. The depth of palpation, the force used to achieve that depth, and the thickness of the tissue obtained from a computed tomography scan of the abdomen were used to calculate the stiffness properties of each individual layer of tissue. Some experimental data obtained by curve fitting force-displacement curves are presented. The data obtained from this experiment illustrates the potential of this device to be used for accurate measurement of soft tissue properties.

scholarly journals Geological Feature Modeling and Reserve Estimation of Uranium Deposits Based on Multiple Interpolation Methods

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Huiqiong Qu ◽  
Hualiang Liu ◽  
Kaixuan Tan ◽  
Qinglin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Uranium Content ◽  
Reserve Estimation ◽  
Interpolation Methods ◽  
Multiple Interpolation ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Uranium resource distribution and accurate reserve evaluation are important references for mineral investment and production. Eight kinds of interpolation methods in the Groundwater Modeling System (GMS), including ordinary kriging (OK), are used in this study to predict the spatial distribution of reserve-related parameters, such as uranium grade, ore thickness and uranium content per square meter. The present study draws the following conclusions: (1) Cross-validation found that the uranium grade value using the spherical method is the closest to the actual value. The spherical method has the best interpolation effect. (2) The relative error, which is +3.62%, between the uranium reserves that is calculated by the spherical interpolation method and that by the traditional calculation value is the smallest. (3) The setting of the number of interpolation grids is related to the actual number of boreholes. The ratio between the two will affect the accuracy of reserve estimation, and different interpolation methods have different degrees of influence on reserve estimation. This method is applicable to all in-situ leaching sandstone uranium mines. Further study needs to be carried out toward heterogeneity of three-dimensional space, which will make the estimation more accurate.

A Multicolor Grid Technique for Volumetric Velocity Measurements

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadeem Dennis ◽  
Kamran Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Light Beam ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Grid Technique ◽  
Color Combinations ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Turbulent flows are three-dimensional by nature. A major challenge in turbulence research is the simultaneous measurement of all three velocity components in three-dimensional space. Recently, Rainbow Volumic Velocimetry (RVV) has emerged as a promising technique to visualize and measure three-dimensional flow fields. The RVV technique projects a multicolor light beam in the measurement region. Currently, the technique utilizes beam color variations in one plane i.e. perpendicular to the camera field of view but is restricted to small measurement volumes. In this paper, a new approach of light beam projection using a multicolor grid is proposed that allows beam color variations in multiple planes relative to the camera field of view. This enables the extension of the light beam width through multiple color combinations. Details of the technique and its implementation are presented along with the preliminary results that demonstrates the viability of this technique.

scholarly journals A New Approach to Global Stability of Discrete Lotka-Volterra Predator-Prey Models

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Young-Hee Kim ◽  
Sangmok Choo
Keyword(s):  
Global Stability ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Discrete Models ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Predator Prey Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

An Euler difference scheme for a three-dimensional predator-prey model is considered and we introduce a new approach to show the global stability of the scheme. For this purpose, we partition the three-dimensional space and calculate the sign of the rate change of population of species in each partitioned region. Our method is independent of dimension and then can be applicable to other dimensional discrete models. Numerical examples are presented to verify the results in this paper.

Extension of the Spatial PDI Model to Three Dimensions

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-178
Author(s):  
Frank O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Finite Lattice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

The author's population density index ( PDI) model is extended to three-dimensional distributions. A derived formula is presented that allows for the calculation of the lower and upper bounds of density in three-dimensional space for any finite lattice.

A Peptoid with Extended Shape in Water

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumpei Morimoto ◽  
Yasuhiro Fukuda ◽  
Takumu Watanabe ◽  
Daisuke Kuroda ◽  
Kouhei Tsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomolecular Recognition ◽  
Biological Application ◽  
New Class ◽  
Proteolytic Resistance ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Optically Pure ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

<div> <div> <div> <p>“Peptoids” was proposed, over decades ago, as a term describing analogs of peptides that exhibit better physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties than peptides. Oligo-(N-substituted glycines) (oligo-NSG) was previously proposed as a peptoid due to its high proteolytic resistance and membrane permeability. However, oligo-NSG is conformationally flexible and is difficult to achieve a defined shape in water. This conformational flexibility is severely limiting biological application of oligo-NSG. Here, we propose oligo-(N-substituted alanines) (oligo-NSA) as a new peptoid that forms a defined shape in water. A synthetic method established in this study enabled the first isolation and conformational study of optically pure oligo-NSA. Computational simulations, crystallographic studies and spectroscopic analysis demonstrated the well-defined extended shape of oligo-NSA realized by backbone steric effects. The new class of peptoid achieves the constrained conformation without any assistance of N-substituents and serves as an ideal scaffold for displaying functional groups in well-defined three-dimensional space, which leads to effective biomolecular recognition. </p> </div> </div> </div>

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