Comparison of Surface Current Data from In Situ Observations with Numerical-Model-Derived Data, Satellite Altimetry Measurement Data, and the Results of Dynamic Method Calculations for the Sea of Okhotsk near the Northwestern Coast of Kamchatka

Oceanology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-651
Author(s):  
V. V. Kolomeytsev ◽  
O. B. Tepnin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
Dynamic Method ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Current Data ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Derived Data

scholarly journals Identifying and Estimating Biases between XBT and Argo Observations Using Satellite Altimetry

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro N. DiNezio ◽  
Gustavo J. Goni
Keyword(s):  
Rate Equation ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Height Anomaly ◽  
Fall Rate ◽  
Argo Data ◽  
Least Squares Adjustment ◽  
Systematic Biases ◽  
In Situ Observations

Abstract A methodology is developed to identify and estimate systematic biases between expendable bathythermograph (XBT) and Argo observations using satellite altimetry. Pseudoclimatological fields of isotherm depth are computed by least squares adjustment of in situ XBT and Argo data to altimetry-derived sea height anomaly (SHA) data. In regions where the correlations between isotherm depth and SHA are high, this method reduces sampling biases in the in situ observations by taking advantage of the high temporal and spatial resolution of satellite observations. Temperature profiles from deep XBTs corrected for a bias identified and adopted during the 1990s are considered in this study. The analysis shows that the pseudoclimatological isotherm depths derived from these corrected XBTs are predominantly deeper than the Argo-derived estimates during the 2000–07 period. The XBT-minus-Argo differences increase with depth consistent with hypothesized problems in the XBT fall-rate equation. The depth-dependent XBT-minus-Argo differences suggest a global positive bias of 3% of the XBT depths. The fact that this 3% error is robust among the different ocean basins provides evidence for changes in the instrumentation, such as changes in the terminal velocity of the XBTs. The value of this error is about the inverse of the correction to the XBT fall-rate equation (FRE) implemented in 1995, suggesting that this correction, while adequate during the 1990s, is no longer appropriate and could be the source of the 3% error. This result suggests that for 2000–07, the XBT dataset can be brought to consistency with Argo by using the original FRE coefficients without the 1995 correction.

Deformation Characteristics of a Technological Pillar in the Chamber-Pillar Mining System/Charakterystyka Deformacyjna Filara Technologicznego W Komorowo-Filarowym Systemie Eksploatacji

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-335
Author(s):  
Wiesław Grzebyk ◽  
Lech Stolecki
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Mining System ◽  
The Face ◽  
Pillar Mining ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Mining Works

Abstract The article presents the suitability of the new measurement techniques for monitoring deformations of the technological pillars and fragments of the face in underground mining. The conducted observations concerned the mined pillar located in the lead of mining field G-3/4 of Rudna mine (mine belongs to KGHM Polska Miedź S.A.) in a situation of constant progress of mining works in its direction. The observations conducted underground provided results demonstrating the suitability of the applied observation techniques in this area. The obtained measurement data directly describe the volumetric changes which form the basis for assessing the stress of the rock formation. This issue is well recognised based on the tests on rock samples. Further studies should concern the transfer of these experiences to the results of in situ observations.

scholarly journals From satellite altimetry to Argo and operational oceanography: three revolutions in oceanography

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1127-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Y. Le Traon
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Operational Oceanography ◽  
In Situ Observations

Abstract. The launch of the US/French mission Topex/Poseidon (T/P) (CNES/NASA) in August 1992 was the start of a revolution in oceanography. For the first time, a very precise altimeter system optimized for large scale sea level and ocean circulation observations was flying. T/P alone could not observe the mesoscale circulation. In the 1990s, the ESA satellites ERS-1/2 were flying simultaneously with T/P. Together with my CLS colleagues, we demonstrated that we could use T/P as a reference mission for ERS-1/2 and bring the ERS-1/2 data to an accuracy level comparable to T/P. Near real time high resolution global sea level anomaly maps were then derived. These maps have been operationally produced as part of the SSALTO/DUACS system for the last 15 yr. They are now widely used by the oceanographic community and have contributed to a much better understanding and recognition of the role and importance of mesoscale dynamics. Altimetry needs to be complemented with global in situ observations. In the end of the 90s, a major international initiative was launched to develop Argo, the global array of profiling floats. This has been an outstanding success. Argo floats now provide the most important in situ observations to monitor and understand the role of the ocean on the earth climate and for operational oceanography. This is a second revolution in oceanography. The unique capability of satellite altimetry to observe the global ocean in near real time at high resolution and the development of Argo were essential to the development of global operational oceanography, the third revolution in oceanography. The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) was instrumental in the development of the required capabilities. This paper provides an historical perspective on the development of these three revolutions in oceanography which are very much interlinked. This is not an exhaustive review and I will mainly focus on the contributions we made together with many colleagues and friends.

scholarly journals From satellite altimetry to Argo and operational oceanography: three revolutions in oceanography

Ocean Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Y. Le Traon
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Operational Oceanography ◽  
In Situ Observations

Abstract. The launch of the French/US mission Topex/Poseidon (T/P) (CNES/NASA) in August 1992 was the start of a revolution in oceanography. For the first time, a very precise altimeter system optimized for large-scale sea level and ocean circulation observations was flying. T/P alone could not observe the mesoscale circulation. In the 1990s, the ESA satellites ERS-1/2 were flying simultaneously with T/P. Together with my CLS colleagues, we demonstrated that we could use T/P as a reference mission for ERS-1/2 and bring the ERS-1/2 data to an accuracy level comparable to T/P. Near-real-time high-resolution global sea level anomaly maps were then derived. These maps have been operationally produced as part of the SSALTO/DUACS system for the last 15 yr. They are now widely used by the oceanographic community and have contributed to a much better understanding and recognition of the role and importance of mesoscale dynamics. Altimetry needs to be complemented with global in situ observations. At the end of the 90s, a major international initiative was launched to develop Argo, the global array of profiling floats. This has been an outstanding success. Argo floats now provide the most important in situ observations to monitor and understand the role of the ocean on the earth climate and for operational oceanography. This is a second revolution in oceanography. The unique capability of satellite altimetry to observe the global ocean in near-real-time at high resolution and the development of Argo were essential for the development of global operational oceanography, the third revolution in oceanography. The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) was instrumental in the development of the required capabilities. This paper provides an historical perspective on the development of these three revolutions in oceanography which are very much interlinked. This is not an exhaustive review and I will mainly focus on the contributions we made together with many colleagues and friends.

In Situ Observations Needed to Complement, Validate, and Interpret Satellite Altimetry

2017 ◽  
pp. 113-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Roemmich ◽  
Philip Woodworth ◽  
Svetlana Jevrejeva ◽  
Sarah Purkey ◽  
Matthias Lankhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
In Situ Observations

scholarly journals Sunshine duration climate maps of Belgium and Luxembourg based on Meteosat and in-situ observations

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Journée ◽  
C. Demain ◽  
C. Bertrand
Keyword(s):  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Ancillary Data ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
Daily Sunshine ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Climate Maps ◽  
Derived Data

Abstract. Sunshine duration was historically the traditional parameter to quantify solar radiation. In the present study, we propose to benefit from the measurements made with Campbell-Stokes recorders at 18 sites in Belgium and Luxembourg to generate maps of daily sunshine duration for the period 1995–2005. In order to provide maps with the highest degree of confidence as possible, ancillary data of high spatial resolution derived from Meteosat satellites images are used within the mapping process. Different methods combining in situ sunshine duration measurements and Meteosat-derived data are evaluated. The best performing method is then used to compile a dataset of gridded daily sunshine duration data over Belgium and Luxembourg. The 1995–2005 sunshine duration climate map is finally provided. Various areal mean values are computed and discussed.

scholarly journals High‐resolution monthly precipitation climatologies over Norway (1981–2010): Joining numerical model data sets and in situ observations

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 2057-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Crespi ◽  
Cristian Lussana ◽  
Michele Brunetti ◽  
Andreas Dobler ◽  
Maurizio Maugeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Model Data ◽  
In Situ Observations

Applying Automated Underway Ship Observations to Numerical Model Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn R. Smith ◽  
Kristen Briggs ◽  
Nicolas Lopez ◽  
Vassiliki Kourafalou
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Model Evaluation ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Atmospheric Sciences ◽  
High Sampling Rate ◽  
In Situ Observations

AbstractNumerical models are used widely in the oceanic and atmospheric sciences to estimate and forecast conditions in the marine environment. Herein the application of in situ observations collected by automated instrumentation on ships at sampling rates ≤5 min is demonstrated as a means to evaluate numerical model analyses. Specific case studies use near-surface ocean observations collected by a merchant vessel, an ocean racing yacht, and select research vessels to evaluate various ocean analyses from the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Although some specific differences are identified between the observations and numerical model analyses, the purpose of these comparisons is to demonstrate the value of high-sampling-rate in situ observations collected on ships for numerical model evaluation.

Deepwater Current Profile Data Sources for Riser Engineering Offshore Brazil

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gus Jeans ◽  
Marc Prevosto ◽  
Liam Harrington-Missin ◽  
Christophe Maisondieu ◽  
Christelle Herry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
In Situ Data

A variety of current profile data sources are compared for a deepwater site offshore Brazil. These data were gathered for consideration as part of the Worldwide Approximations of Current Profiles (WACUP) Joint Industry Project, described separately in OMAE2012-83348. The primary source of data for current profile characterisation is site specific full water column measurement. Sufficiently high vertical and temporal resolutions are required to capture the dominant oceanographic processes. Such in-situ data are generally expensive and time consuming to collect, so there is an increasing tendency for numerical model current data to be considered for engineering applications. In addition to being relatively inexpensive and quick to obtain, model data are also typically of much longer duration. This potentially allows inter-annual variability and rare extreme events to be captured. However, the accuracy and reliability of numerical model data remains questionable, or unproven, in many deepwater development regions. This paper explores the suitability of such models to represent a deepwater site offshore Brazil, in relation to the key oceanographic processes revealed within the in-situ data.

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