Research on the continuation of mining works in the license perimeter of the Peşteana Nord quarry

Exploitation works at the North Pesteana Quarry is located in areas with mineral energy resources, and contributes to ensuring the country’s energy security, based on an efficient system of supply of primary resources, production, transport, distribution and supply, to ensure food of all consumers in terms of accessibility, availability and affordability of prices, taking into account the evolution of the quality of the environment. The exploitation surface is isolated from the protected area Jiu Corridor ROSCI0045 through the neighborhoods from the eastern limit-the regularization channel of the river Jiu and the villages Balteni, Peșteana Jiu, Cocoreni, Olari and the neighborhoods from the western limit - the villages Valea cu Apa, Pesteana de Jos, Hotaroasa, Urdari. Lignite mining works do not affect the integrity of the protected natural area; by carrying out the works, the artificial barriers between the natural and the anthropic terrain are not created. The paper presents the results of the research undertaken in 2019 through the technical expertise in File no. 14666/3/2017*, Archive of the Bucharest Tribunal [1]. Measures are proposed to prevent, reduce and, where possible, offset significant adverse effects on the environment, including: measures for the protection of water quality, air quality, protection against noise and vibration, in the field of soil and subsoil quality, biodiversity and measures for the rehabilitation of the land for its subsequent use, etc.

Computer simulations in the ventilation network of the Vulcan Mine

Maintaining safety and health conditions underground, especially where potentially explosive atmospheres are possible, depends mainly on how the ventilation system is built, applied and operated in the ventilation network. The ventilation networks of a mining unit for the exploitation of the useful mineral substance are mining works that aim to ensure optimal microclimate conditions in the underground. An ventilation network is built of nodes and branches, in order to establish its structure. In order to establish the optimal air flows at branch level, specialized programs are used, with the help of which the modeling, solving and optimization of the ventilation networks can be performed. Optimizing the management of the ventilation system involves in-depth and complex analyzes on the ventilation network that require a huge volume of data that can be processed only with the help of computing technology. The paper presents an analysis of the ventilation network of the Vulcan mine using the calculation technique to simulate situations that may occur in the ventilation system.

Classification of underground mining works within the Tg. Ocna salt mine from the point of view of gas emissions

According to the new classification method, salt mines and underground work or areas where methane has not been observed but for which methane has been observed in boreholes found in rock massifs are considered to be fire mines / mine areas or mining work. This new classification allows only the effective areas of exploitation to be maintained in the wire regime, the rest of the salt mine being considered non-wire. The purpose of this paper is to determine the rate of methane (explosive gas) and carbon dioxide (oxidizing gas) in the mining operations of the Tg-Ocna salt mine, given its classification.

Research on the negative effects of the “Valea Arsului” tailings dumps on the environment

As a result of the exploitation of coal in the mines from the Jiu Valley, significant quantities of tailings result from the mining works, but also from the coal preparation processes. They are stored in piles of different sizes, placed on the ground horizontally or between mountains, piles called tailings dumps. For the construction of tailings dumps the first requirement was the removal of the vegetal layer from the soil surface, a requirement that was often not observed so that the environment was affected. This paper aims to show how the environment around the Vulcan coal mine was affected in 2020..

Human Activity Pattern Prediction System for Smart Home Appliances

This paper proposes a model (HAPP) for learning and finding human action designs for Smart home applications based on huge amounts of data from smart homes. The proposed methodology quantifies and breaks down vitality use variations initiated by renters' behaviour using visit design mining, group research, and expectation. The HAPP System addresses the legal obligation to deconstruct energy consumption patterns at the machine level, which is directly linked to the actions of human. In the quantum/information cut of 24th, the information from shrewd meter is recursively mined, and the results are stored up throughout progressive mining works out. The HAPP System specifies the conditions for analysing the project that we use Keywords: Smart home, Data Mining, classifications, Human activity recognition

Sublevel stoping with applying artificial hardening stowing pillars for extraction of veins in complicated geotechnical conditions

In the process of underground mining of deep levels rock pressure can appear in any form, creating a serious threat to the lives of miners, disrupting the normal course of mining works and reducing the efficiency of mining production. The solution of the problem of rock pressure control becomes very urgent for underground mines developing vein deposits at a depth of more than 250 m. The aim of the study is the development and justification of mining methods to provide safe and efficient mining of deposits in complicated mining and mechanical conditions. In this paper, the factors of redistribution and dangerous concentration of stresses in the mined ore mass were identified, the methods of rock mass management in complicated geotechnical conditions were studied, and their advantages and disadvantages were revealed. It was determined that the sublevel stoping with the combined use of existing methods of rock pressure control and applying selfpropelled mining machinery is currently one of the most promising method finding widening application scope. In the context of Zarmitan gold ore zone the options of technological schemes of the sublevel stoping method were considered, providing for a combination of different methods of rock pressure control, allowing to minimize the disadvantages of one method through using the advantages of other ones. We proposed sublevel stoping options with artificial polygonal pillars and with artificial columnar pillars, which allowed to reduce ore losses in inter-stope pillars, arch pillars, and secondary dilution. In addition, artificial pillars, taking compressive/tensile stresses, prevent their concentration and create safe conditions for extraction at adjacent and underlying levels.

Deformation and damage to buildings caused by ground movements in mining areas (case study)

Human activity causes transformations in the near-surface layers of the rock mass, which result in long-term impacts on buildings and engineering infrastructure. Mining activities are particularly disadvantageous in this context, as they trigger severe deformation processes that reach the soil surface as a result of the excavation of deposits. The prevention of accidents and disasters caused by these impacts is based on knowledge derived from observation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to acquire and update knowledge on the impact of mining-related ground deformation and tremors on buildings. The paper presents the results of measurements carried out on a group of buildings located in an underground mining area. The buildings have been affected by mining impacts since their construction in the 1980s. Despite the implementation of appropriate structural protection, the structures have been suffering deformation and damage. For the purposes of the study, two two-axis inclinometers were installed on the 15.2 m high bell tower, taking measurements at 6-hour intervals. Over a period of 10 months, changes in the leaning of the tower were measured and the condition of the other buildings observed.The study resulted in obtaining: values for the change in tilt of the two perpendicular walls of the tower (over a period of 10 months), correlation of the results with tremors measurements and periodic surveying measurements of the inclination of the vertical edge of the tower, image of damage to buildings caused by mining deformation of the ground. On the basis of an analysis of the location and timing of minefields excavation, the occurrence of real ground movement in the mining areas, continuing even after the end of mining works, was confirmed and irregular deformation of the originally perpendicular walls of the masonry tower building was demonstrated. The tower did not behave as a rigid body; its horizontal profile was deformed.

Heat Balance Determination Methods for Mining Areas in Underground Mines - A Review

Mine operation in presence of aerological hazards is a challenging issue for mine ventilation services. Increasing depth of exploitation and growing level of mechanization, due to the demand for intensification of extraction, makes it even more difficult regarding thermal hazard. As air temperature is a decisive factor shaping underground thermal working conditions it is extremely important to predict its value. This task determines the possibility of carrying out works in regions with the highest thermal hazard, where, due to the applicable regulations, it is necessary to use air conditioning to ensure appropriate working conditions for people. To determine the required cooling capacity for mining regions, it is crucial to identify the individual heat sources, as well as to define the amount of heat they generate. For this purpose, heat balances need to be set, taking into account the mentioned issues. The main goal of this paper is a presentation of methods available in the literature for determining the thermal balances of mining areas. The article also presents and characterizes the most important heat sources in underground mines. In addition, methods of determining heat fluxes from individual sources were indicated, as well as potential difficulties in the applicability of the above-mentioned methods for mining areas heat balances determination, in which, due to the current depth of exploitation, the thermal hazard is the most important natural hazard that determines the possibility of mining works.

Preface

The title of the Conference XXI Conference of PhD Students and Young Scientists “Interdisciplinary topics in mining and geology” The location and the date of the conference virtual event - online conference, Poland, June 23-25, 2021 XXIth Conference of PhD Students and Young Scientists “Interdisciplinary topics in mining and geology” continues a series of events that started in 2000 at Wroclaw University of Science and Technology. Scientific programme of the Conference focuses on four thematic panels: 1. Mining Engineering: sustainable development, digitalisation in mining, problems of securing, protecting and using remnants of old mining works, underground mining, opencast mining, mineral processing, waste management, mining machinery, mine transport, economics in mining, mining aeronautics, ventilation and air conditioning in mines 2. Earth and Space Science: geology, hydrogeology, extraterrestrial resources, groundwater and medicinal waters, geotourism 3. Geoengineering: environmental protection, applied geotechnics, rock and soil mechanics, geohazards 4. Geoinformation: mining geodesy, GIS, photogrammetry and remote sensing, geodata modeling and analysis. List of Scientific Committee, Organizing Committee, Editorial Team are available in this pdf.

INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LIMESTONE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MINING WORKS IN QUARRY

There are only a few limestone mines in Bosnia and Herzegovina that provide the mineral raw material for industrial production. As a result, the experience in planning and designing such quarries is lesser than in designing the quarries for construction. Limestone from "Vijenac" deposit is an industrial mineral raw material, which is used for the production of soda (light, heavy and bicarbonate), cement, nitrogen fertilizer named "KAN", and is also used in construction and road construction. The use of limestone as a mineral raw material in industrial production requires more attention to the chemical composition of limestone than to the physical-mechanical characteristics. The paper presents a solution to this problem by creating a block of models of exploitation reserves of limestone, which enables foresight of the chemical composition of limestone, both in each floor partially and during the period of exploitation. The block model was created on the basis of the updated state of works, the projected contour of limestone surface mine and the exploration works' database. The block model uses the following: CaCO3, CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, bulk density, category of reserves and the purpose of the mineral raw material, i.e. for industry or construction. The block model analysis has determined that the northern part of the mine, from the floor E-612.5 to E-525 meters a.s.l., does not meet industrial requirements in terms of chemical composition of limestone. Therefore, limestone from this part of the surface mine will be used for construction purposes. These quantities of limestone are about 2.6x106 m3. Limestone from the southern part of the surface mine meets the industry requirements. Its quantities are about 8.47x106 m3.