Organization of metabolic pathways and molecular-genetic mechanisms of xenobiotic degradation in microorganisms: A review

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Khomenkov ◽  
A. B. Shevelev ◽  
V. G. Zhukov ◽  
N. A. Zagustina ◽  
A. M. Bezborodov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Xenobiotic Degradation

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Effects of Drought on the Biosynthesis of Methyleugenol in Asarum sieboldii Miq.

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1233
Author(s):  
Fawang Liu ◽  
Tahir Ali ◽  
Zhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis

Asarum sieboldii Miq., a perennial herb in the family Aristolochiaceae, is widely used to treat colds, fever, headache and toothache in China. However, little is known about the drought-tolerance characteristics of A. sieboldii. In this study, to elucidate the molecular–genetic mechanisms of drought-stress tolerance of A. sieboldii, RNA-seq was conducted. In total, 53,344 unigenes were assembled, and 28,715 unigenes were annotated. A total of 6444 differential-expression unigenes (DEGs) were found, which were mainly enriched in phenylpropanoid, starch and sucrose metabolic pathways. Drought stress revealed significant up-regulation of the unigenes encoding PAL, C4H, HCT, C3H, CCR and IGS in the methyleugenol-biosynthesis pathway. Under the condition of maintaining drought for 15 days and 30 days, drought stress reduced the biosynthesis of volatile oil by 24% and 38%, respectively, while the production of key medicinal ingredients (such as methyl eugenol) was increased. These results provide valuable information about the diverse mechanisms of drought resistance in the A. sieboldii, and the changes in the expression of the genes involved in methyleugenol biosynthesis in response to drought stress.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome analysis of mule uncovered several heterosis-related genes for improving muscular endurance and cognition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Neuronal System ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Genome Wide Gene Expression

AbstractHeterosis has been widely exploited in animal and plant breeding to enhance the productive traits of hybrid progeny of two breeds or two species. Although, there were multiple models for explaining the hybrid vigor, such as dominance and over-dominance hypothesis, its underlying molecular genetic mechanisms remain equivocal. The aim of this study is through comparing the different expression genes (DEGs) and different alternative splicing (DAS) genes to explore the mechanism of heterosis. Here, we performed a genome-wide gene expression and alternative splicing analysis of two heterotic crosses between donkey and horse in three tissues. The results showed that the DAS genes influenced the heterosis-related phenotypes in a unique than DEGs and about 10% DEGs are DAS genes. In addition, over 69.7% DEGs and 87.2% DAS genes showed over-dominance or dominance, respectively. Furthermore, the “Muscle Contraction” and “Neuronal System” pathways were significantly enriched both for the DEGs and DAS genes in muscle. TNNC2 and RYR1 genes may contribute to mule’s great endurance while GRIA2 and GRIN1 genes may be related with mule’s cognition. Together, these DEGs and DAS genes provide the candidates for future studies of the genetic and molecular mechanism of heterosis in mule.

Clinical phenotypes and molecular genetic mechanisms of Carney complex

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wilkes ◽  
Deborah A McDermott ◽  
Craig T Basson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Carney Complex ◽  
Clinical Phenotypes ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

Development of the Nervous System of Invertebrates

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-122
Author(s):  
Volker Hartenstein
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Animal Phyla ◽  
Invertebrate Animals ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Complex Architecture

The complex architecture of the nervous system is the result of a stereotyped pattern of proliferation and migration of neural progenitors in the early embryo, followed by the outgrowth of nerve fibers along rigidly controlled pathways, and the formation of synaptic connections between specific neurons during later stages. Detailed studies of these events in several experimentally amenable model systems indicated that many of the genetic mechanisms involved are highly conserved. This realization, in conjunction with new molecular-genetic techniques, has led to a surge in comparative neurodevelopmental research covering a wide variety of animal phyla over the past two decades. This chapter attempts to provide an overview of the diverse neural architectures that one encounters among invertebrate animals, and the developmental steps shaping these architectures.

Behavior and Molecular Genetics of the Five Factor Model

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber M. Jarnecke ◽  
Susan C. South
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Behavior Genetics ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Genetics Research ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Techniques ◽  
Related Personality

Behavior and molecular genetics informs knowledge of the etiology, structure, and development of the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality. Behavior genetics uses quantitative modeling to parse the relative influence of nature and nurture on phenotypes that vary within the population. Behavior genetics research on the FFM has demonstrated that each domain has a heritability (proportion of variation due to genetic influences) of 40–50%. Molecular genetic methods attempt to identify specific genetic mechanisms associated with personality variation. To date, findings from molecular genetics are tentative, with significant results failing to replicate and accounting for only a small percentage of the variance. However, newer techniques hold promise for finding the “missing heritability” of FFM and related personality domains. This chapter presents an overview of commonly used behavior and molecular genetic techniques, reviews the work that has been done on the FFM domains and facets, and offers a perspective for future directions.

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