Role of Glutathione Peroxidases and Peroxiredoxins in Free Radical-Induced Pathologies

Natural antioxidants can protect the human body from free radicals and retard the progress of many chronic diseases as well as lipid oxidative rancidity in foods. The role of antioxidants has protected effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Primary sources of naturally occurring antioxidants are known as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Several studies suggest that regular consumption of nuts, mostly walnuts, may have beneficial effects against oxidative stress mediated diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The role of antioxidants has attracted much interest with respect to their protective effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Juglans regia L. (walnut) contains antioxidant compounds, which are thought to contribute to their biological properties. Polyphenols, flavonoids and flavonols concentrations and antioxidant activity of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. as evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, Nitric acid, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation and total oxidation activity were determined. The antioxidant activities of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. were concentration dependent in different experimental models and it was observed that free radicals were scavenged by the test compounds in all the models.

Download Full-text

Key Role of the Oxidized Citrate-Free Radical in the Nucleation Mechanism of the Metal Nanoparticle Turkevich Synthesis

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ◽

10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b06090 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 123 (36) ◽

pp. 22624-22633 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sarah Al Gharib ◽

Jean-Louis Marignier ◽

Abdel Karim El Omar ◽

Adnan Naja ◽

Sophie Le Caer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Nucleation Mechanism ◽

Metal Nanoparticle

Download Full-text

Role of the Anilinium Ion on the Selective Polymerization of Anilinium 2-Acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13142349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 2349

Author(s):

Alain Salvador Conejo-Dávila ◽

Marco Armando Moya-Quevedo ◽

David Chávez-Flores ◽

Alejandro Vega-Rios ◽

Erasto Armando Zaragoza-Contreras

Keyword(s):

Cyclic Voltammetry ◽

Optical Properties ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Free Radical ◽

1H Nmr ◽

Molecular Interactions ◽

13C Nmr ◽

Oxidative Polymerization ◽

Cyclic Voltammetry Analysis

The development of anilinium 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate (Ani-AMPS) monomer, confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR, is systematically studied. Ani-AMPS contains two polymerizable functional groups, so it was submitted to selective polymerization either by free-radical or oxidative polymerization. Therefore, poly(anilinium 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic) [Poly(Ani-AMPS)] and polyaniline doped with 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid [PAni-AMPS] can be obtained. First, the acrylamide polymer, poly(Ani-AMPS), favored the π-stacking of the anilinium group produced by the inter- and intra-molecular interactions and was studied utilizing 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR, and UV-Vis-NIR. Furthermore, poly(Ani-AMPS) fluorescence shows quenching in the presence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the emission spectrum at 347 nm. In contrast, the typical behavior of polyaniline is observed in the cyclic voltammetry analysis for PAni-AMPS. The optical properties also show a significant change at pH 4.4. The PAni-AMPS structure was corroborated through FTIR, while the thermal properties and morphology were analyzed utilizing TGA, DSC (except PAni-AMPS), and FESEM.

Download Full-text

Ferroptosis and cardiovascular disease: role of free radical-induced lipid peroxidation

Free Radical Research ◽

10.1080/10715762.2021.1876856 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Xin Chen ◽

Xuan Li ◽

Xiaodong Xu ◽

Luxiao Li ◽

Ningning Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Free Radical

Download Full-text

Possible Protective Role of Melatonin in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies

Journal of Child Science ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1716713 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. e104-e109

Author(s):

Antonio Molina-Carballo ◽

Antonio Emilio Jerez-Calero ◽

Antonio Muñoz-Hoyos

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

Free Radical ◽

Chronic Administration ◽

Protective Role ◽

Free Radical Scavenger ◽

Radical Scavenger ◽

Energetic Metabolism ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Molecular Crosstalk

AbstractMelatonin, produced in every cell that possesses mitochondria, acts as an endogenous free radical scavenger, and improves energetic metabolism and immune function, by complex molecular crosstalk with other intracellular compounds. There is greatly increasing evidence regarding beneficial effects of acute and chronic administration of high melatonin doses, in infectious, developmental, and degenerative pathologies, as an endothelial cell and every cell protectant.

Download Full-text

Peroxiredoxins as Potential Targets for Cardiovascular Disease

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10081244 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1244

Author(s):

Se-Jin Jeong ◽

Jong-Gil Park ◽

Goo Taeg Oh

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Intracellular Signaling ◽

Toxic Substance ◽

Regulatory Proteins ◽

The Past ◽

Glutathione Peroxidases ◽

Intracellular Signals ◽

Common Etiology ◽

Cardiovascular Cells

Increased oxidative stress (OS) is considered a common etiology in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the precise regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiovascular cells is essential to maintain normal physiological functions. Numerous regulators of cellular homeostasis are reportedly influenced by ROS. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as an endogenous ROS in aerobic cells, is a toxic substance that can induce OS. However, many studies conducted over the past two decades have provided substantial evidence that H2O2 acts as a diffusible intracellular signaling messenger. Antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione peroxidases, and peroxiredoxins (Prdxs), maintain the balance of ROS levels against augmentation of ROS production during the pathogenesis of CVD. Especially, Prdxs are regulatory sensors of transduced intracellular signals. The intracellular abundance of Prdxs that specifically react with H2O2 act as regulatory proteins. In this review, we focus on the role of Prdxs in the regulation of ROS-induced pathological changes in the development of CVD.

Download Full-text